Direct visualization robotic intra-operative radiation therapy applicator device
First Claim
1. A surgical robotic intra-operative radiation therapy device comprising:
- a robotic device capable of surgical use having at least one robotic arm which can be manipulated remotely;
for a patient having a surgical incision, an interchangeable capsule for irradiating said at least one tissue, said capsule for irradiating said at least one tissue and said incision being sized for said capsule to be insertable through said surgical incision;
said capsule having an aperture opening to a cavity internal to said capsule, said capsule having a shutter for alternately occluding and uncovering said aperture opening to said cavity, and said capsule being mountable on said robotic arm;
said robotic arm having a first means for robotic arm electrical communication and control;
said capsule having a second means for electrical communication and control compatible for purposes of interchangeability with said means for robotic arm electrical communication and control;
a means for positive attachment between said robotic arm and said capsule, said means for positive attachment being compatible for purposes of interchangeability with said robotic arm and said first and second means for electrical communication and control;
said cavity internal to said capsule and thereby interior to said aperture being sized to contain a radioactive source for irradiating patient tissue;
said capsule having shielding selected to attenuate radiation exterior to said capsule; and
a remotely operable means for controlling said shutter;
said shutter having a fail-safe closed position;
said intraoperative surgical device having said at least one remotely manipulatable robot arm cooperating with said capsule to move said aperture of said capsule adjacent to patient tissue to be irradiated, so that by operating said electromechanical control, said shutter can be opened to expose said patient tissue to a radiation source disposed within said capsule.
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Abstract
This invention proposes a robotic applicator device to be deployed internally to a patient having a capsule (also referred to as a cassette) and aperture with a means of alternately occluding and exposing a radioactive source through the aperture. The capsule and aperture will be integrated with a surgical robot to create a robotic IORT (intra-operative radiation therapy) applicator device as more fully described below. The capsule, radiation source, and IORT applicator arm would be integrated to enable a physician, physicist or technician to interactively internally view and select tissue for exposure to ionizing radiation in sufficient quantities to deliver therapeutic radiation doses to tissue. Via the robotic manipulation device, the physician and physicist would remotely apply radiation to not only the tissue to be exposed, but also control the length of time of the exposure. Control means would be added to identify and calculate margin and depth of tissue to be treated and the proper radiation source or radioactive isotope (which can be any particle emitter, including neutron, x-ray, alpha, beta or gamma emitter) to obtain the desired therapeutic effects. The invention enables stereotactical surgery and close confines radiation therapy adjacent to radiosensitive tissue.
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Citations
62 Claims
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1. A surgical robotic intra-operative radiation therapy device comprising:
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a robotic device capable of surgical use having at least one robotic arm which can be manipulated remotely; for a patient having a surgical incision, an interchangeable capsule for irradiating said at least one tissue, said capsule for irradiating said at least one tissue and said incision being sized for said capsule to be insertable through said surgical incision; said capsule having an aperture opening to a cavity internal to said capsule, said capsule having a shutter for alternately occluding and uncovering said aperture opening to said cavity, and said capsule being mountable on said robotic arm; said robotic arm having a first means for robotic arm electrical communication and control; said capsule having a second means for electrical communication and control compatible for purposes of interchangeability with said means for robotic arm electrical communication and control; a means for positive attachment between said robotic arm and said capsule, said means for positive attachment being compatible for purposes of interchangeability with said robotic arm and said first and second means for electrical communication and control; said cavity internal to said capsule and thereby interior to said aperture being sized to contain a radioactive source for irradiating patient tissue; said capsule having shielding selected to attenuate radiation exterior to said capsule; and a remotely operable means for controlling said shutter; said shutter having a fail-safe closed position; said intraoperative surgical device having said at least one remotely manipulatable robot arm cooperating with said capsule to move said aperture of said capsule adjacent to patient tissue to be irradiated, so that by operating said electromechanical control, said shutter can be opened to expose said patient tissue to a radiation source disposed within said capsule. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
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16. An integrated surgical robotic intra-operative radiation therapy system comprising:
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a means for display of medical imaging of at least one tissue of a patient, said means for display being visible to an operator of said system; at least one robotic arm which can be manipulated remotely; for a patient having a surgical incision, an interchangeable capsule for irradiating said at least one tissue, said capsule for irradiating said at least one tissue and said incision being sized for said capsule to be insertable through said surgical incision; said capsule having an aperture opening to a cavity internal to said capsule, said capsule having a shutter for alternately occluding and uncovering said aperture opening to said cavity, and said capsule being mountable on said robotic arm; said at least one robotic arm having a first means for robotic arm electrical communication and control; said capsule having a second means for electrical communication and control compatible for purposes of interchangeability with said means for robotic arm electrical communication and control; a means for positive attachment between said at least one robotic arm and said capsule, said means for positive attachment being compatible for purposes of interchangeability with said at least one robotic arm and said first and second means for electrical communication and control; said cavity internal to said capsule and thereby interior to said aperture being sized to contain a radioactive source for irradiating patient tissue; said capsule having shielding selected to attenuate radiation exterior to said capsule; and an electromechanical control for said shutter; said shutter having a remotely operable means for controlling said shutter; said shutter having a fail-safe closed position; a shielded source containment table arrayed adjacent to said patient; mobile patient shielding; said robot arm which can be manipulated remotely being integrated through said integrated surgical robotic intra-operative radiation therapy system to remove said capsule from said shielded source containment table, and thereafter, in cooperation with capsule, to move said aperture of said capsule adjacent to at least one patient tissue to be irradiated, so that by operating said electromechanical control, said shutter can be opened to expose said patient tissue to a radiation source disposed within said capsule. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62)
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Specification