Production of nanocapsules and microcapsules by layer-wise polyelectrolyte self-assembly

• US 8,092,836 B2
• Filed: 08/10/2006
• Issued: 01/10/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 03/19/1998
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Wissenschaften e.V. (Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Frderung der Wissenschaften e)
• Original Assignee: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Wissenschaften e.V. (Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Frderung der Wissenschaften e)
• Inventors: Donath, Edwin, Sukhorukov, Gleb B., Lerche, Karl-Heinz, Voigt, Andreas, Bäumler, Hans, Caruso, Frank, Möhwald, Helmuth
• Primary Examiner(s): TRAN, SUSAN T
• Application Number:
  US11/502,182
• Publication Number:
  US 20060275375A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,979 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 424/490
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/5015 Organic compounds, e.g. fats, sugars
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/5026 obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl pyrrolidone, poly(meth)acrylates
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/5031 obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyethylene glycol, poly(lactide-co-glycolide)
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/5052 Proteins, e.g. albumin
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/5073 having two or more different coatings optionally including drug-containing subcoatings
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/5089 Processes
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/51 Nanocapsules; Nanoparticles; nanotubes A61K9/0092; polymeric micelles A61K9/1075; polymersomes A61K9/1273; pure drug nanoparticles A61K9/14; drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers A61K9/141; conjugates, e.g. between drug and non-active nanoparticles, A61K47/50; preparations for in vivo diagnosis A61K49/00; with radioactive substances A61K51/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/5138 obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl pyrrolidone, poly(meth)acrylates
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/5192 Processes
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 13/02 Making microcapsules or microballoons for medical preparations A61K9/50
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 13/22 Coating

Abstract

The invention relates to capsules coated with a polyelectrolyte shell and methods for the production thereof.

Claims

1. A capsule having a polyelectrolyte shell comprising alternating layers of cationic and anionic polyelectrolytes and wherein said capsule has a diameter of up to 10 μ

m and contains a lipid.

2. The capsule according to claim 1, having a diameter of ≦

5 μ

m.

3. The capsule according to claim 1, prepared by the process of applying a polyelectrolyte molecule and a lipid to a template particle to form the capsule.

4. The capsule according to claim 1, wherein the shell comprises a plurality of polyelectrolyte layers.

5. The capsule according to claim 1, containing a template particle in its core.

6. A capsule according to claim 5, wherein the template particle is at least partially dissolved.

7. A capsule according to claim 1, wherein a liquid phase is present within the shell.

8. A capsule according to claim 1, containing an active substance.

9. A capsule according to claim 8, wherein the active substance is selected from the group consisting of a catalyst, an enzyme, a nanoparticle, a pharmaceutically active substance, a sensor molecule, a crystal, a polymer and a gas.

10. A capsule according to claim 1, wherein the shell contains pores.

11. A capsule according to claim 10, wherein the pores allow the passage of substances with a molecular weight of ≦

4 kD.

12. A capsule according to claim 1, wherein the shell further contains a nanoparticle or tenside.

13. A capsule according to claim 1, wherein the shell'"'"'s wall thickness is from 2 to 100 nm.

14. A capsule according to claim 1, wherein the lipid is selected from the group consisting of a phospholipid, a fatty acid and an alkyl sulfonic acid.

15. A capsule according to claim 1, wherein the lipid is selected from the group consisting of dipalmityl phosphatidic acid and dipalmityl phosphatidyl choline.

16. A method for the modification of the permeability of a polyelectrolyte shell comprising depositing a lipid layer on the polyelectrolyte shell.