Method and system for monitoring oxygenation levels of a compartment for detecting conditions of a compartment syndrome

• US 8,100,834 B2
• Filed: 07/31/2007
• Issued: 01/24/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 02/27/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: J&m Shuler, Inc.
• Original Assignee: J&m Shuler, Inc.
• Inventors: Shuler, Michael Simms
• Primary Examiner(s): Le, Miranda
• Assistant Examiner(s): WEARE, MEREDITH H
• Application Number:
  US11/831,954
• Publication Number:
  US 20080208011A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,638 Days
• Field of Search: 600/483, 600/301
• US Class Current: 600/483
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/04 Arrangements of multiple sensors of the same type
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0205 Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/021 Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels A61B5/0205 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0215 by means inserted into the body catheters A61M25/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/022 by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/03 Detecting, measuring or recording fluid pressure within the body other than blood pressure, e.g. cerebral pressure; Measuring pressure in body tissues or organs A61B5/205 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14507 specially adapted for measuring characteristics of body fluids other than blood devices for taking samples of body liquids A61B10/0045
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14542 for measuring blood gases A61B5/14551 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1455 using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14551 for measuring blood gases
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14552 Details of sensors specially adapted therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14557 specially adapted to extracorporeal circuits
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/443 Evaluating skin constituents, e.g. elastin, melanin, water
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4519 Muscles A61B5/389, A61B5/224 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6824 Arm or wrist
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6828 Leg
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/684 Indicating the position of the sensor on the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7246 using correlation, e.g. template matching or determination of similarity
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7271 Specific aspects of physiological measurement analysis A61B5/316, A61B5/349 and A61B5/374 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7275 Determining trends in physiological measurement data; Predicting development of a medical condition based on physiological measurements, e.g. determining a risk factor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7282 : Event detection, e.g. detecting unique waveforms indicative of a medical condition A61B5/4094, A61B5/4818, A61B5/349, A61B5/0823 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7405 : using sound
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/742 : using visual displays A61B5/339 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/746 : Alarms related to a physiological condition, e.g. details of setting alarm thresholds or avoiding false alarms alarms per se G08B
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 50/30 : for calculating health indices; for individual health risk assessment

Abstract

A method and system for continually monitoring oxygenation levels in real-time in compartments of an animal limb, such as in a human leg or a human thigh or a forearm, can be used to assist in the diagnosis of a compartment syndrome. The method and system can include one or more near infrared compartment sensors in which each sensor can be provided with a compartment alignment mechanism and a central scan depth marker so that each sensor may be precisely positioned over a compartment of a living organism. The method and system can include a device for displaying oxygenation levels corresponding to respective compartment sensors that are measuring oxygenation levels of a compartment of interest. The method and system can also monitor the relationship between blood pressure and oxygenation levels and activate alarms based on predetermined conditions relating to the oxygenation levels or blood pressure or both.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring oxygenation levels of a compartment of a human body for detecting conditions of a compartment syndrome, comprising:

providing an alignment mechanism on a compartment sensor;

monitoring oxygenation levels of the compartment with the compartment sensor;

monitoring blood pressure of the human body;

monitoring a relationship between the blood pressure and the oxygenation levels;

determining if conditions exist that may indicate a compartment syndrome may occur in the human body;

displaying the blood pressure and oxygenation levels of the compartment on a display device; and

activating an alarm when both the blood pressure and oxygenation levels start decreasing in value.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising activating an alarm if a significant change in oxygenation levels is detected.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising providing a central scan depth marker on the compartment sensor.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein monitoring oxygenation levels of the compartment with the compartment sensor further comprises measuring muscle oxygenation.

5. A system for monitoring oxygenation levels of a compartment of a human body for detecting conditions of a compartment syndrome, the system comprising:

an array of compartment sensors for detecting oxygenation levels of the human body;

a blood pressure device for sensing blood pressure of the human body;

a display device for displaying the oxygenation levels and blood pressure values of the human body;

a computing device coupled to the array of compartment sensors, blood pressure device, and display device;

the computing device for monitoring the blood pressure of the human body and for monitoring the oxygenation levels of the human body, the computing device monitors a relationship between the blood pressure and oxygenation level and determines if conditions exist that may indicate that a compartment syndrome exists in the human body based on the relationship, wherein the computing device increases a frequency at which the oxygenation levels and blood pressure are monitored if the oxygenation levels and blood pressure fall within a predetermined range of values, and wherein the computing device controls a timing for activating respective compartment sensors in order to provide scans of different portions of the human body.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein at least one compartment sensor comprises a near infrared sensing element.

7. The system of claim 5, wherein at least one compartment sensor comprises at least one of an alignment mechanism and a central scan depth marker.

8. The system of claim 5, further comprising an alarm coupled to the computing device, the computing device activating the alarm when the blood pressure and oxygenation levels approach one or more predefined levels.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein the alarm comprises one of an audible and visual device.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein the display device comprises a computer monitor.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein each compartment sensor comprises an array of sensing elements.

12. The system of claim 11, wherein each compartment sensor has a different optical wavelength relative to a neighboring sensor in order to provide scans of different portions of the human body.

13. The system of claim 5, wherein the display device comprises a computer monitor.

14. The system of claim 5, wherein each compartment sensor comprises an array of sensing elements.

15. The system of claim 5, wherein each compartment sensor has a different optical wavelength relative to a neighboring sensor in order to provide scans of different portions of the human body.

16. The system of claim 5, wherein the computing device receives a pigment value for skin of the human body and calculates an offset value for monitoring the oxygenation levels based on the pigment value.

17. The system of claim 5, wherein the computing device adjusts oxygenation values based on demographics of a patient.

18. The system of claim 17, wherein the demographics of the patient comprises skin pigment.

19. A system for monitoring oxygenation levels of a compartment of a human body for detecting conditions of a compartment syndrome, the system comprising:

a plurality of compartment sensors for detecting oxygenation levels of the human body;

a blood pressure device for sensing blood pressure of the human body;

a display device for displaying the oxygenation levels and blood pressure values of the human body; and

a computing device coupled to the compartment sensor, blood pressure device, and display device;

the computing device for monitoring the blood pressure of the human body and for monitoring the oxygenation levels of the human body, the computing device monitors a relationship between the blood pressure and oxygenation level and determines if conditions exist that may indicate that a compartment syndrome exists in the human body based on the relationship, wherein the computing device compares oxygenation levels between an injured portion of the human body and an uninjured portion of the human body, the computing device activating an alarm when the blood pressure and oxygenation levels approach one or more predefined levels, the computing device controlling a timing for activating respective sensors in order to provide scans of different portions of the human body.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein at least one compartment sensor comprises a near infrared sensing element.

21. The system of claim 20, wherein at least one compartment sensor comprises at least one of an alignment mechanism and a central scan depth marker.

22. The system of claim 19, wherein the computing device activates the alarm when the blood pressure and oxygenation levels both decrease.

23. The system of claim 22, wherein the alarm comprises one of an audible and visual device.

24. The system of claim 23, wherein the display device comprises a computer monitor.

25. The system of claim 24, wherein at least one compartment sensor comprises an array of sensing elements.

26. The system of claim 25, wherein each sensor has a different optical wavelength relative to a neighboring sensor in order to provide scans of different portions of the human body.

27. The system of claim 19, wherein the computing device receives a pigment value for skin of the human body and calculates an offset value for monitoring the oxygenation levels based on the pigment value.

28. The system of claim 19, wherein the computing device adjusts oxygenation values based on demographics of a patient.

29. The system of claim 28, wherein the demographics of the patient comprises skin pigment.

30. A system for monitoring oxygenation levels of a compartment of a human body for detecting conditions of a compartment syndrome, the system comprising:

a plurality of compartment sensors for detecting oxygenation levels of the human body;

a blood pressure device for sensing blood pressure of the human body;

a display device for displaying the oxygenation levels and blood pressure values of the human body; and

a computing device coupled to the compartment sensors, blood pressure device, and display device;

the computing device for monitoring the blood pressure of the human body and for monitoring the oxygenation levels of the human body, the computing device monitors a relationship between the blood pressure and oxygenation level and determines if conditions exist that may indicate that a compartment syndrome exists in the human body based on the relationship, wherein the computing device indicates a possible hematoma condition based on signals that the processor receives from the compartment sensors, the computing device activating an alarm when the blood pressure and oxygenation levels both decrease, the computing device controlling a timing for activating respective sensors in order to provide scans of different portions of the human body.

31. The system of claim 30, wherein at least one compartment sensor comprises a near infrared sensing element.

32. The system of claim 31, wherein at least one compartment sensor comprises at least one of an alignment mechanism and a central scan depth marker.

33. The system of claim 32, wherein the alarm comprises one of an audible and visual device.

34. The system of claim 33, wherein the display device comprises a computer monitor.

35. The system of claim 34, wherein at least one compartment sensor comprises an array of sensing elements.

36. The system of claim 35, wherein each sensor has a different optical wavelength relative to a neighboring sensor in order to provide scans of different portions of the human body.

37. The system of claim 30, wherein the computing device receives a pigment value for skin of the human body and calculates an offset value for monitoring the oxygenation levels based on the pigment value.

38. The system of claim 30, wherein the computing device adjusts oxygenation values based on demographics of a patient.

39. The system of claim 38, wherein the demographics of the patient comprises skin pigment.