Rapid prototyping and manufacturing system and method

• US 8,105,527 B2
• Filed: 02/22/2010
• Issued: 01/31/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 09/30/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: 3D Systems, Inc. (3D Systems Corporation)
• Original Assignee: 3D Systems, Inc. (3D Systems Corporation)
• Inventors: Wahlstrom, Ben
• Primary Examiner(s): Ewald, Maria Veronica
• Assistant Examiner(s): Grun, Robert J
• Application Number:
  US12/709,629
• Publication Number:
  US 20100156003A1
• Time in Patent Office: 708 Days
• Field of Search: 264/113, 264/308, 264/401, 264/497, 425/174.4, 425/375
• US Class Current: 264/401
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 64/124 using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 64/135 the energy source being concentrated, e.g. scanning lasers or focused light sources
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 64/153 using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 64/182 in parallel batches
• CPC Class Codes: B33Y 10/00 Processes of additive manufacturing
• CPC Class Codes: B33Y 30/00 Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
• CPC Class Codes: B33Y 40/00 Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
• CPC Class Codes: B33Y 50/02 for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes

Abstract

A stereolithography apparatus having a resin vat with resupply containers in one-way flow communication and a leveling container in two-way how communication, an automatic offload cart to remove and replace build support platforms, an elevator assembly for supporting and releasably retaining a build platform removably attached to the stereolithography apparatus frame such that elevator forks supporting the build platform can be released into the vat and removed from the stereolithography apparatus with the vat, and a recoater assembly and recoater blade for mapping the resin surface in the vat and applying a fresh coating of resin to a cross-section being built in the vat.

Claims

1. A method for producing three-dimensional objects from a liquid resin by curing selected portions of the liquid resin layer-by-layer, wherein a layer is defined along an x-axis and an y-axis and wherein a layer thickness is defined along a z-axis, the method comprising:

a) moving a recoater along the y-axis across a working surface of the liquid resin, wherein the recoater is operatively connected to a controller; and

b) adjusting the recoater about a theta axis as the recoater moves along the y-axis, wherein the theta axis is parallel to the y-axis.

2. A method according to claim 1, wherein moving the recoater along the y-axis comprises moving a recoater assembly that includes the recoater and a carrier to which the recoater is operatively connected.

3. A method according to claim 2, wherein the recoater comprises a vacuum assisted recoater and includes a vacuum port for engaging a source of vacuum.

4. A method according to claim 2, wherein adjusting the recoater about the theta axis corrects for machine errors of a rapid prototyping and manufacturing apparatus of which the recoater assembly in included.

5. A method according to claim 4, wherein correcting for machine errors comprises correcting for unevenness in mechanical systems of the rapid prototyping and manufacturing apparatus of which the recoater assembly is included.

6. A method according to claim 1, wherein adjusting the recoater about the theta axis further comprises adjusting the recoater along the z-axis.

7. A method according to claim 1, wherein adjusting the recoater about the theta axis keeps the recoater generally parallel to the working surface of the liquid resin.

8. A method according to claim 1, wherein adjusting the recoater about the theta axis moves at least one end of the recoater along the z-axis relative to the working surface of the liquid resin.

9. A method according to claim 1, wherein adjusting the recoater about the theta axis is controlled by the controller in response to predetermined data for adjustment.

10. A method according to claim 9, wherein the predetermined data for adjustment is based upon pre-measured blade gaps between the recoater and the working surface of the liquid resin.

11. A method according to claim 1, wherein curing selected portions of the liquid resin comprises scanning a laser beam on the working surface of the liquid resin.

12. A method for producing three-dimensional objects from a liquid resin by curing selected portions of the liquid resin layer-by-layer, wherein a layer is defined along an x-axis and an y-axis and wherein a layer thickness is defined along a z-axis, the method comprising:

a) providing a housing having a frame, a container of liquid resin within the housing, a source of energy for curing selected portions of the liquid resin, a build platform within the container to support the three-dimensional object, an elevator for moving the build platform along the z-axis, a recoater extending generally along the x-axis for leveling a working surface of the liquid resin in the container, and a controller operatively connected to the source of energy, the elevator, and the recoater;

b) determining a distance between a portion of a recoater and the working surface of the liquid resin in the container at multiple locations along the x-axis and y-axis, wherein the distances for the respective locations define predetermined data for adjustment of the recoater;

c) moving a recoater along the y-axis across the working surface of the liquid resin to level the working surface for at least one layer of the liquid resin from which selected portions are cured to define a layer of the three-dimensional object; and

d) adjusting the recoater about a theta axis as the recoater moves along the y-axis in response to the predetermined data, wherein the theta axis is parallel to the y-axis and wherein adjusting the recoater about the theta axis keeps the recoater generally parallel to the working surface of the liquid resin.

13. A method according to claim 12, wherein determining a distance between a portion of a recoater and the working surface of the liquid resin comprises measuring a blade gap between a foot of the recoater and the working surface of the liquid resin.

14. A method according to claim 13, wherein the blade gap is measured for at least two locations along the x-axis for each of at least two positions of the recoater along the y-axis.

15. A method according to claim 12, wherein adjusting the recoater about the theta axis corrects for unevenness in at least one of the container and frame, wherein the recoater is moved along the y-axis on at least one of the container and frame.

16. A method according to claim 12, wherein adjusting the recoater about the theta axis further comprises adjusting the recoater along the z-axis.

17. A method for producing three-dimensional objects from a liquid resin by curing selected portions of the liquid resin layer-by-layer, wherein a layer is defined along an x-axis and an y-axis and wherein a layer thickness is defined along a z-axis, the method comprising:

a) moving a recoater along the y-axis across a working surface of the liquid resin, wherein the recoater is operatively connected to a controller;

b) adjusting the recoater about a theta axis as the recoater moves along the y-axis, wherein the theta axis is parallel to the y-axis; and

c) raising and lowering the recoater along the z-axis as the recoater moves along the y-axis to maintain a constant distance at each end of the recoater from the working surface of the liquid resin.

18. A method according to claim 17, wherein adjusting the recoater about the theta axis and raising and lowering the recoater correct for unevenness in mechanical systems of a rapid prototyping and manufacturing apparatus of which the recoater is included.

19. A method according to claim 17 further comprising determining blade gaps between a foot of a recoater and the working surface of the liquid resin at multiple locations to define predetermined data, wherein adjusting the recoater about the theta axis and raising and lowering the recoater are controlled by the controller in response to the predetermined data.

20. A method according to claim 17, wherein curing selected portions of the liquid resin comprises scanning a laser beam on the working surface of the liquid resin.