Relative positioning system and method

• US 8,111,152 B2
• Filed: 03/23/2009
• Issued: 02/07/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 09/21/2006
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Caldwell Simpson LLC
• Original Assignee: Non-invasive Medical Technologies
• Inventors: McCaughan, Ann K., Pal, Andrew, McGrath, Brad
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen, Phung
• Application Number:
  US12/383,358
• Publication Number:
  US 20090237234A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,051 Days
• Field of Search: 340/539.12, 340/539.1, 340/539.13, 340/407.1, 340/572.1, 340/573.1, 340/539.11, 340/10.1
• US Class Current: 340/539.12
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 3/46 using antennas spaced apart and measuring phase or time difference between signals therefrom, i.e. path-difference systems

Abstract

A relative positioning system and method has an adjoining pair of spaced apart receivers positioned proximal to an object causing a signal interference with a radio frequency signal detectable by each receiver of the adjoining pair. The radio frequency signal is associated with an emitter. Control electronics operatively couple the spaced apart receivers. The control electronics are configured to determine a direction of the emitter based on the signal interference. In an embodiment of the system and method the emitter is associated with an object of interest, the signal encodes information relating to the identity and status of the object, and information and heading of the object are cutaneously communicated to an operator by an article worn by the operator.

Claims

1. A relative positioning system comprising:

an article wearable by an operator;

at least two radio signal receivers positioned on the article spaced apart around the operator wearing the article such that the operator causes signal interference with a radio frequency signal detectable by each receiver, the radio frequency signal being associated with an emitter;

control electronics on the article operatively coupling the spaced apart receivers and configured to determine a direction of the emitter relative to the operator based on the signal interference relative to the human body; and

a plurality of stimulus generators supported by the article operatively connected to the control electronics and to the operator wearing the article, each stimulus generator able to generate a stimulus perceptible to the operator wearing the article; and

at least a third radio signal receiver positioned on the article spaced apart around the operator from the at least two receivers wherein the spaced apart receivers define a two-dimensional, coordinate system centered on the operator wearing the article, the coordinate system including a plurality of sectors, each sector defined by an adjoining pair of spaced apart receivers, a separate stimulus generator being positioned in each sector; and

the control electronics activating one of the plurality of stimulus generators so as to provide a direction cue to the operator as to the direction of the emitter relative to the operator and the control electronics causing the one stimulus generator to communicate the directional cue to the operator by executing a trigger algorithm based on a sum of the strength of the signal received by each receiver of the adjoining pair of spaced apart receivers defining the sector in which the signal emanates.

2. The relative positioning system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of stimulus generators are tractors able to provide cutaneous communication.

3. The relative positioning system of claim 1 wherein one stimulus generator of the plurality of stimulus generators comprises an operator interface able to provide audible communication.

4. The relative positioning system of claim 1 wherein one stimulus generator of the plurality of stimulus generators comprises an interface able to provide visual communication.

5. The relative positioning system of claim 1 wherein the radio frequency signal further encodes information representing the identification and status of an object operatively associated with the emitter, and wherein the directional cue has an intensity based on the status information.

6. The relative positioning system of claim 5 wherein one stimulus generator comprises an operator interface able to visually or audibly communicate the information.

7. The relative positioning system of claim 1 wherein the control electronics comprises a plurality of loosely coupled autonomous agents having local decision making logic, each agent able to communicate with each other agent, at least one agent uniquely associated with one receiver of the plurality of receivers or one stimulus generator of the plurality of stimulus generators.

8. The relative positioning system of claim 1 wherein the control electronics are mounted in a pod separable from the receivers and the stimulus generators, the control electronics wirelessly coupled to the receivers and the stimulus generators.

9. The relative positioning system of claim 1, wherein the receivers and the stimulus generators are uniformly spaced with a separate stimulus generator positioned between each adjoining pair of receivers.

10. The relative positioning system of claim 1 wherein the article is a belt.

11. The relative positioning system of claim 1 wherein the emitter is on a casualty having vital signs, wherein the radio frequency signal encodes information representing the vital signs and wherein the control electronics further comprises an operator interface including a visible display configured to provide a visible heading indicator and a visible vital sign indicator.

12. The relative positioning system of claim 11, wherein the control electronics are further configured to determine a medical status of the casualty and to provide a visible medical status indicator.

13. The relative positioning system of claim 12, wherein the casualty is one casualty of a plurality of casualties, and the control electronics is configured to communicate the heading and medical status of each casualty of the plurality of casualties.

14. A method for achieving operator awareness of a casualty in an emergent environment, the casualty having a heading with respect to the operator and emitting a signal having a strength, the method comprising the steps of:

positioning on the operator a wearable article supporting a two-dimensional, body-centered coordinate system formed by a plurality of receivers and a plurality of stimulus generators, each receiver of the plurality of receivers able to receive the signal from the casualty, each signal generator of the plurality of stimulus generators able to generate a stimulus perceptible to the operator, the plurality of receivers operatively coupled to the plurality of stimulus generators by control electronics;

detecting with the plurality of receivers the signal emitted by the casualty;

determining the heading of the casualty in the body-centered coordinate system; and

communicating to the operator a directional cue corresponding to the heading, the directional cue generated by one stimulus generator of the plurality of stimulus generators;

wherein the determining step determines the heading based on a differential degradation in the strength of the signal detected by the plurality of receivers, the differential degradation being caused by the body of the operator.

15. The method of claim 14 wherein the signal encodes information representing vital signs of the casualty and the method further comprises determining the medical status of the casualty based on the information representing the vital signs and the communicating step communicates to the operator a severity of the medical status as an intensity of the directional cue.

16. A method for achieving operator awareness of a casualty in an emergent environment, the casualty having a heading with respect to the operator and emitting a signal having a strength, the method comprising the steps of:

positioning on the operator a wearable article supporting a two-dimensional, body-centered coordinate system formed by a plurality of receivers and a plurality of stimulus generators, each receiver of the plurality of receivers able to receive the signal from the casualty, each signal generator of the plurality of stimulus generators able to generate a stimulus perceptible to the operator, the plurality of receivers operatively coupled to the plurality of stimulus generators by control electronics;

detecting with the plurality of receivers the signal emitted by the casualty; and

determining the heading of the casualty in the body-centered coordinate system; and

communicating to the operator a directional cue corresponding to the heading, the directional cue generated by one stimulus generator of the plurality of stimulus generators;

wherein the casualty is one casualty of a plurality of casualties, each casualty emitting a signal encoding associated vital signs,

wherein the detecting step detects the signal emitted by each casualty;

wherein the determining step determines the heading of each casualty based on a differential degradation in the strength of the associated signal and determines the medical status of each casualty based on the associated vital signs; and

wherein the method further comprises the steps of;

prioritizing the medical status of each casualty based on the severity of the medical status;

associating the directional cue with the casualty having a highest prioritized medical status and communicating to the operator the severity of the medical status as an intensity of the directional cue; and

communicating to the operator the heading and medical status of each casualty by visible indicators on a visual display.