Small volume in vitro analyte sensor and methods of making
First Claim
1. A method for determining a concentration of an analyte in a sample, comprising the steps of:
- contacting a sample with a sensor, wherein the sensor comprises;
a first electrode, a second electrode, and a third electrode;
a sample chamber for holding the sample fluid, the sample chamber comprising the first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode; and
an analyte-responsive enzyme and a redox mediator disposed in the sample chamber;
applying a first potential between the first and second electrodes to determine when the sample chamber is beginning to fill with sample;
applying a second potential between the first and third electrodes to determine when the sample chamber is substantially filled with sample;
applying a third potential between the first and second electrodes to electrolyze the analyte, thereby generating an analyte signal; and
determining the concentration of the analyte using the analyte signal.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A sensor utilizing a non-leachable or diffusible redox mediator is described. The sensor includes a sample chamber to hold a sample in electrolytic contact with a working electrode, and in at least some instances, the sensor also contains a non-leachable or a diffusible second electron transfer agent. The sensor and/or the methods used produce a sensor signal in response to the analyte that can be distinguished from a background signal caused by the mediator. The invention can be used to determine the concentration of a biomolecule, such as glucose or lactate, in a biological fluid, such as blood or serum, using techniques such as coulometry, amperometry; and potentiometry. An enzyme capable of catalyzing the electrooxidation or electroreduction of the biomolecule is typically provided as a second electron transfer agent.
464 Citations
19 Claims
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1. A method for determining a concentration of an analyte in a sample, comprising the steps of:
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contacting a sample with a sensor, wherein the sensor comprises; a first electrode, a second electrode, and a third electrode; a sample chamber for holding the sample fluid, the sample chamber comprising the first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode; and an analyte-responsive enzyme and a redox mediator disposed in the sample chamber; applying a first potential between the first and second electrodes to determine when the sample chamber is beginning to fill with sample; applying a second potential between the first and third electrodes to determine when the sample chamber is substantially filled with sample; applying a third potential between the first and second electrodes to electrolyze the analyte, thereby generating an analyte signal; and determining the concentration of the analyte using the analyte signal. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19)
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Specification