Implantable medical device with hall sensor

• US 8,121,678 B2
• Filed: 12/08/2008
• Issued: 02/21/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 12/12/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cardiac Pacemakers Incorporated (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Cardiac Pacemakers Incorporated (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Inventors: Linder, William J., Muttonen, Angela M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Gedeon, Brian T
• Application Number:
  US12/330,349
• Publication Number:
  US 20090157146A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,170 Days
• Field of Search: 607/63, 607/65, 607/2, 607/18, 607/59, 607/36, 607/62, 607/64, 607/67, 607/75
• US Class Current: 607/2
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3718 Monitoring of or protection against external electromagnetic fields or currents
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37217 characterised by the communication link, e.g. acoustic or tactile
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49117 Conductor or circuit manufacturing

Abstract

An operating mode of an implantable medical device can be selected using at least one of a current or a voltage provided in response to a magnetic field sensed using a Hall effect sensor.

Claims

1. An apparatus comprising:

an implantable medical device including;

a Hall effect sensor configured to sense a magnetic field and to provide at least one of a current or a voltage in response to the magnetic field;

a processor electrically coupled to the Hall effect sensor, the processor configured to select an operating mode of the implantable medical device using at least one of the current or the voltage provided by the Hall effect sensor;

a polling circuit electrically coupled to the Hall effect sensor and configured to provide an excitation current to the Hall effect sensor; and

an analog-to-digital converter electrically coupled to the Hall effect sensor and configured to measure at least one of the current or the voltage provided by the Hall effect sensor in response to the magnetic field; and

wherein the Hall effect sensor and the polling circuit are included in a commonly-shared semiconductor integrated circuit.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the Hall effect sensor is configured to adjust at least one of the current or the voltage provided in response to the magnetic field;

and

wherein the processor is configured to select the operating mode of the implantable medical device in response to the adjustment of the at least one of the current or the voltage.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to select the operating mode of the implantable medical device from a list including at least one of:

(1) a first operating mode when a magnitude of the magnetic field is below a specified first threshold;

(2) a second operating mode when the magnitude of the magnetic field exceeds or equals the specified first threshold over a specified first duration;

or

(3) a third operating mode when the magnitude of the magnetic field further exceeds or equals a specified second threshold over a specified second duration.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the first operating mode includes an ambulatory operating mode;

wherein the second operating mode includes a battery status test mode wherein the implantable medical device is configured to provide an indication to a user corresponding to a battery status; and

wherein the third operating mode includes a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) safe mode.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the Hall effect sensor is rotationally symmetric about an axis.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the integrated circuit includes a heterostructure configured to increase a Hall mobility associated with the Hall effect sensor.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to control one or more excitation parameters associated with the polling circuit, the one or more parameters comprising at least one of:

(1) an excitation amplitude;

(2) an excitation pulse width;

(3) a timing between one or more excitation pulses;

or

(4) an excitation contact for delivery of the excitation current.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the Hall effect sensor and at least one of the processor or the analog-to-digital converter are included in the commonly shared semiconductor integrated circuit.

9. A method comprising:

exciting a Hall effect sensor using a polling circuit configured to provide an excitation current to the Hall effect sensor, the polling circuit and the Hall effect sensor included in a commonly-shared semiconductor integrated circuit;

sensing a magnetic field using a Hall effect sensor, including monitoring at least one of a current or a voltage provided by the Hall effect sensor in response to the sensed magnetic field; and

in response, selecting an operating mode of an implantable medical device using information provided by the monitoring at least one of the current or the voltage; and

wherein the monitoring at least one of the current or the voltage includes using an analog-to-digital converter electrically coupled to the Hall effect sensor.

10. The method of claim 9, comprising:

sensing a magnitude of the magnetic field using the Hall effect sensor;

comparing the sensed magnitude of the magnetic field to at least one of a specified first threshold or a specified second threshold; and

selecting, in response to the comparing, the operating mode of the implantable medical device from a list including at least one of;

(1) a first operating mode when the magnitude of the magnetic field is below the specified first threshold;

(2) a second operating mode when the magnitude of the magnetic field exceeds or equals the specified first threshold over a specified first duration;

or

(3) a third operating mode when the magnitude of the magnetic field further exceeds or equals the specified second threshold over a specified second duration.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the selecting the first operating mode includes selecting an ambulatory operating mode;

wherein the selecting the second operating mode includes selecting a battery status test mode and includes providing an indication to a user corresponding to a battery status; and

wherein the selecting the third operating mode includes selecting a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) safe mode.

12. The method of claim 9, comprising controlling one or more excitation parameters associated with the exciting the Hall effect sensor, the one or more excitation parameters including at least one of:

(1) an excitation amplitude;

(2) an excitation pulse width;

(3) a timing between one or more excitation pulses;

or

(4) an excitation contact for delivery of the excitation current.

13. The method of claim 9, wherein the Hall effect sensor is rotationally symmetric about an axis.

14. The method of claim 9, wherein the integrated circuit includes a heterostructure configured to increase a Hall mobility associated with the Hall effect sensor.

15. The method of claim 9, wherein the analog-to-digital converter is included in the commonly shared semiconductor integrated circuit.

16. A processor-readable medium including instructions that, when performed by the processor, cause an implantable medical device to:

excite a Hall effect sensor using a polling circuit configured to provide an excitation current to the Hall effect sensor, the polling circuit and the Hall effect sensor included in a commonly-shared semiconductor integrated circuit comprising a portion of the implantable medical device;

sense a magnetic field using a Hall effect sensor, including monitoring at least one of a current or a voltage provided by the Hall effect sensor in response to the sensed magnetic field; and

select an operating mode of the implantable medical device using at least one of the current or the voltage; and

wherein the monitoring at least one of the current or the voltage includes using an analog-to-digital converter electrically coupled to the Hall effect sensor.

17. The processor-readable medium of claim 16, wherein the instructions include instructions that, when performed by the processor, cause an implantable medical device to:

sense a magnitude of the magnetic field using the Hall effect sensor;

compare the sensed magnitude of the magnetic field to at least one of a specified first threshold or a specified second threshold; and

select, in response to the comparing, the operating mode of the implantable medical device from a list including at least one of;

(1) a first operating mode when the magnitude of the magnetic field is below the specified first threshold;

(2) a second operating mode when the magnitude of the magnetic field exceeds or equals the specified first threshold over a specified first duration;

or

(3) a third operating mode when the magnitude of the magnetic field further exceeds or equals the specified second threshold over a specified second duration.

18. The processor-readable medium of claim 17, wherein the first operating mode includes instructions to select an ambulatory operating mode;

wherein the second operating mode includes a battery status test mode and includes instructions to provide an indication to a user corresponding to a battery status; and

wherein the third operating mode includes instructions to select a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) safe mode.

19. The processor-readable medium of claim of claim 18, comprising instructions that, when performed by the processor, cause the implantable medical device to control one or more excitation parameters associated with the exciting the Hall effect sensor, the one or more excitation parameters including at least one of:

(1) an excitation amplitude;

(2) an excitation pulse width;

(3) a timing between one or more excitation pulses;

or

(4) an excitation contact for delivery of the excitation current.