Framework for hybrid ad-hoc networks

• US 8,125,964 B2
• Filed: 11/18/2005
• Issued: 02/28/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 11/18/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Nytell Software LLC (Intellectual Ventures LLC)
• Original Assignee: Telcordia Licensing Co LLC (Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson)
• Inventors: Ling, Yibei, Chen, Wai, Yu, Paul Li-Ching
• Primary Examiner(s): Patel, Ajit
• Assistant Examiner(s): NGUYEN, KHAI MINH
• Application Number:
  US11/282,509
• Publication Number:
  US 20070115895A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,293 Days
• Field of Search: 455/422.1, 455/424, 455/428, 455/343.1, 455/343.4, 455/41.2, 455/517, 455/521, 370/338, 370/328, 370/342, 370/311, 370/318, 370/336, 370/400, 370/470, 370/472, 370/310, 370/314, 370/389
• US Class Current: 370/338
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/0289 of multiple transceivers, e.g. in ad hoc networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/04 based on wireless node resources
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/20 based on geographic position or location
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 76/27 Transitions between radio resource control [RRC] states
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/18 Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks

Abstract

A hybrid mobile ad-hoc network and a method of operating the same, including a mobile network node and a plurality of static network nodes randomly distributed over a coverage area with a predetermined density. The static network nodes form a static infrastructure backbone of the hybrid mobile ad-hoc network. Position information of the static network nodes, either through position awareness or triangulation with reference to other static nodes enhances the network function. The method tracks mobile node position with a minimum of overhead because of the fixed infrastructure of static nodes. The infrastructure can self-heal by placing excess static nodes in a hibernating state, and activating those in response to the failure of a nearby static node.

Claims

1. A network comprising:

a first static node configured to periodically transmit at least one beacon while the first static node is in an active state; and

a second static node configured to be in communication with the first static node, wherein the first static node and the second static node are a substantially same type of network node configured to communicate with a mobile network node, wherein the second static node is configured to periodically receive the at least one beacon from the first static node while the second static node is in an inactive state, and wherein the second static node is further configured to transition from the inactive state to the active state if an expected beacon of the at least one beacon is not received from the first static node.

2. The network of claim 1, further comprising a mobile node in communication with the first static node.

3. The network of claim 2, wherein the mobile node is configured to transmit an acknowledgement message to the first static node in response to the at least one beacon, and wherein the first static node is configured to determine a position of the second static node based at least in part on the acknowledgement message.

4. The network of claim 1, wherein the first static node and the second static node are randomly distributed within a coverage area.

5. The network of claim 4, wherein at least the first static node and the second static node are randomly distributed within the coverage area such that a predetermined density is satisfied.

6. The network of claim 5, wherein the predetermined density is based on one or more of a transmission range of the first static node, a transmission range of a mobile node associated with the network, a speed of the mobile node associated with the network, or a terrain of the coverage area.

7. The network of claim 1, wherein the first static node is configured to determine a position of the first static node using one or more of a global positioning system, terrestrial radio beacons, or inertial tracking.

8. The network of claim 1, wherein the first static node includes a directional reception antenna, and is configured to determine an azimuth of a received signal.

9. The network of claim 1, wherein the second static node is configured to transition to the inactive state if a density of static nodes in a coverage area exceeds a predetermined threshold.

10. The network of claim 1, wherein the second static node is configured to transition to the inactive state if a distance between the second static node and the first static node is less than a predetermined threshold.

11. The network of claim 1, wherein the first static node and the second static node are deployed by an aerial vehicle or a ground vehicle.

12. The network of claim 1, wherein the network comprises a hybrid mobile ad-hoc network, and wherein the first static node and the second static node form at least a portion of a static infrastructure backbone of the hybrid mobile ad-hoc network.

13. A method comprising:

receiving, from a first static node in a hybrid mobile ad-hoc network, a first beacon at a second static node while the first static node is in an active state and the second static node is in an inactive state, wherein the first static node and the second static node are a substantially same type of network node configured to communicate with a mobile network node,;

determining whether a second beacon is received from the first static node within a predetermined amount of time after receipt of the first beacon; and

transitioning the second static node from the inactive state into the active state in response to the second beacon not being received within the predetermined amount of time.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising:

determining a pair-wise connectivity among a plurality of static nodes in the network, wherein the plurality of static nodes include the first static node and the second static node;

determining a network topography based at least in part on the pair-wise connectivity; and

distributing the network topography throughout the network.

15. The method of claim 13, further comprising randomly deploying the first static node and the second static node in a coverage area such that a predetermined density is satisfied.

16. The method of claim 13, further comprising transitioning the second static node from the active state into the inactive state if a density of static nodes in a coverage area exceeds a predetermined threshold.

17. The method of claim 13, further comprising:

receiving, at the first static node, an acknowledgement message from a mobile node in response to the first beacon; and

determining a position of the second static node based at least in part on the acknowledgement message.

18. The method of claim 13, further comprising transitioning the second static node from the active state into the inactive state if a distance between the second static node and the first static node is less than a predetermined threshold.

19. A static node in a hybrid mobile ad-hoc network, wherein the static node is configured to:

receive, from another static node in a hybrid mobile ad-hoc network, a first beacon while the another static node is in an active state and the static node is in a inactive state, wherein the static node and the another static node are a substantially same type of network node configured to communicate with a mobile network node;

determine whether a second beacon is received from the another static node within a predetermined amount of time after receipt of the first beacon; and

transition from the inactive state to the active state in response to the second beacon not being received within the predetermined amount of time.

20. The static node of claim 19, wherein the static node and the second static node are randomly positioned within a coverage area such that a predetermined density is satisfied.

21. The static node of claim 20, wherein the predetermined density is based on a transmission range of the static node.

22. The static node of claim 19, wherein the static node is further configured to transition from the active state to the inactive state if a density of static nodes in a coverage area exceeds a predetermined threshold.

23. The static node of claim 19, wherein the static node is deployed by an aerial vehicle.

24. The static node of claim 19, wherein the static node is configured to determine a position of the static node using one or more of a global positioning system, terrestrial radio beacons, or inertial tracking.