Vehicle health and usage monitoring system and method

• US 8,131,420 B2
• Filed: 02/27/2008
• Issued: 03/06/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 02/27/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Simmonds Precision Products, Inc. (Raytheon Technologies Corporation d/b/a RTX)
• Original Assignee: Simmonds Precision Products, Inc. (Raytheon Technologies Corporation d/b/a RTX)
• Inventors: Lynch, Michael Anthony, Zeliff, Robert, Bechhoefer, Eric Robert
• Primary Examiner(s): ARTHUR JEANGLAUD, GERTRUDE
• Application Number:
  US12/038,463
• Publication Number:
  US 20090216398A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,469 Days
• Field of Search: 701/29, 701/30, 701/33, 701/34, 701/36, 340/425.5, 340/438, 340/439, 738/659
• US Class Current: 701/30
• CPC Class Codes: G01M 7/025 Measuring arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 5/085 using electronic data carriers

Abstract

A health and usage monitoring system (HUMS) and method for monitoring the health and/or usage of one or more components of a vehicle. In various embodiments, the present invention uses a plurality of wireless sensors configured, when activated by a vibration of the vehicle, to monitor one or more components of the vehicle and to communicate health and/or usage data of the one or more components of the vehicle to a data access point. The data access point may relay real-time health and/or usage data to an operator of the vehicle, or the health and/or usage data may accessed later. Such a system allows critical components of the vehicle to be monitored so as to reduce failures, and so that repairs to, or replacements of, the critical components of the vehicle may be planned, thus reducing unscheduled downtime.

Claims

1. A health and usage monitoring system for use in monitoring health and usage of one or more components of a vehicle, the system comprising:

a data access point;

a plurality of wireless sensors configured to monitor one or more components of the vehicle and to communicate monitoring data to the data access point; and

at least one processing element in communication with and configured to control the plurality of wireless sensors,

wherein one or more of the plurality of wireless sensors is configured to switch from a low power sleep mode to a data acquisition mode triggered at least in part by a vibration of the vehicle.

2. The health and usage monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the one or more of the plurality of wireless sensors communicates monitoring data to the data access point when the one or more of the plurality of wireless sensors is in the data acquisition mode.

3. The health and usage monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the processing element includes a vibration-based wakeup circuit, and wherein the one or more of the plurality of wireless sensors is configured to switch modes via the processing element.

4. The health and usage monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the processing element includes a CMOS device, and wherein the one or more of the plurality of wireless sensors is configured to switch modes via the processing element.

5. The health and usage monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the processing element includes an energy harvesting device, and wherein the one or more of the plurality of wireless sensors is configured to switch modes via the processing element when the energy harvesting device sends an electrical charge triggered by a vibration of the vehicle.

6. The health and usage monitoring system of claim 5, wherein the energy harvesting device is selected from the group consisting of:

an inductive energy harvesting device;

a piezoelectric energy harvesting device; and

combinations thereof.

7. The health and usage monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of wireless sensors is configured to gather vibration data of one or more components of the vehicle.

8. The health and usage monitoring system of claim 7, wherein the plurality of wireless sensors comprises wireless accelerometers.

9. The health and usage monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the health and usage monitoring system is configured to monitor one or more components of a helicopter.

10. The health and usage monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of wireless sensors is configured to monitor one or more components of a helicopter, and wherein the one or more of the components is selected from the group consisting of:

one or more components of a tail gear box of the helicopter;

one or more components of a tail rotor assembly of the helicopter;

one or more components of an intermediate gear box of the helicopter;

one or more drive shaft bearings of the helicopter;

one or more components of an engine of the helicopter;

one or more components of a main gear box of the helicopter;

one or more components of a main rotor assembly of the helicopter; and

combinations thereof.

11. The health and usage monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of wireless sensors is configured to monitor one or more components of a helicopter, and wherein the vibration of the helicopter comprises at least one operating vibration frequency of the helicopter.

12. The health and usage monitoring system of claim 11, wherein the operating vibration frequency of the helicopter comprises an operating vibration frequency of an input driveshaft.

13. The health and usage monitoring system of claim 11, wherein at least one of the plurality of wireless sensors is configured to switch from a low power sleep mode to a data acquisition mode triggered at least in part by a first operating vibration frequency of the helicopter, and wherein at least one of the plurality of wireless sensors is configured to switch from a low power sleep mode to a data acquisition mode triggered at least in part by a second operating vibration frequency of the helicopter.

14. The health and usage monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the at least one processing element comprises a plurality of processing elements, and wherein each of the plurality of processing elements communicates with and is configured to control an associated wireless sensor from the plurality of wireless sensors.

15. The health and usage monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of wireless sensors is configured to monitor one or more components of a helicopter, and wherein the one or more components includes one or more components of a main rotor head of the helicopter or one or more components of a fuselage of the helicopter.

16. A method of monitoring the health and usage of one or more components of a vehicle, the method comprising:

operating the vehicle; and

monitoring one or more components of the vehicle with a plurality of wireless sensors,

wherein one or more of the plurality of wireless sensors is configured to switch from a low power sleep mode to a data acquisition mode triggered at least in part by a vibration of the vehicle.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein when in the data acquisition mode, the one or more of the plurality of wireless sensors monitors the one or more components of the vehicle and communicates monitoring data to a data access point.

18. The method according to claim 16, further comprising:

controlling the plurality of wireless sensors with at least one processing element, wherein the processing element includes a vibration-based wakeup circuit; and

switching the one or more of the plurality of wireless sensors from the low power sleep mode to the data acquisition mode via the processing element.

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein the processing element includes a CMOS device, and further comprising switching the one or more of the plurality of wireless sensors from the low power sleep mode to the data acquisition mode via the processing element.

20. The method according to claim 18, wherein the processing element includes an energy harvesting device, and further comprising sending an electrical charge to the processing element with the energy harvesting device, and switching the one or more of the plurality of wireless sensors from the low power sleep mode to the data acquisition mode when the energy harvesting device sends an electrical charge to the processing element triggered by the vibration of the vehicle.

21. The method according to claim 20, wherein the energy harvesting device is selected from the group consisting of:

an inductive energy harvesting device;

a piezoelectric energy harvesting device; and

combinations thereof.

22. The method according to claim 16, wherein the plurality of wireless sensors is configured to gather vibration data of one or more components of the vehicle.

23. The method according to claim 22, wherein the plurality of wireless sensors comprise wireless accelerometers.

24. The method according to claim 16, wherein one or more components of a helicopter are monitored.

25. The method according to claim 16, wherein operating a vehicle and monitoring one or more components of the vehicle with a plurality of wireless sensors comprises operating a helicopter and monitoring one or more components of the helicopter with a plurality of wireless sensors, and wherein the one or more of the components of the helicopter is selected from the group consisting of:

one or more components of a tail gear box of the helicopter;

one or more components of a tail rotor assembly of the helicopter;

one or more components of an intermediate gear box of the helicopter;

one or more drive shaft bearings of the helicopter;

one or more components of an engine of the helicopter;

one or more components of a main gear box of the helicopter;

one or more components of a main rotor assembly of the helicopter; and

combinations thereof.

26. The method according to claim 16, wherein the steps of operating a vehicle and monitoring one or more components of the vehicle with a plurality of wireless sensors comprises operating a helicopter and monitoring one or more components of the helicopter with a plurality of wireless sensors, and wherein the vibration of the helicopter comprises an operating vibration frequency of the helicopter.

27. The method according to claim 26, wherein the operating vibration frequency of the helicopter comprises an operating vibration frequency of an input driveshaft.

28. The method according to claim 26, wherein at least one of the plurality of wireless sensors is configured to switch from a low power sleep mode to a data acquisition mode triggered at least in part by a first operating vibration frequency of the helicopter, and wherein at least one of the plurality of wireless sensors is configured to switch from a low power sleep mode to a data acquisition mode triggered at least in part by a second operating vibration frequency of the helicopter.

29. The method according to claim 16, further comprising:

providing a plurality of processing elements, wherein each of the plurality of processing elements communicates with and is configured to control an associated wireless sensor from the plurality of wireless sensors.

30. The method according to claim 16, wherein operating a vehicle and monitoring one or more components of the vehicle with a plurality of wireless sensors comprises operating a helicopter and monitoring one or more components of the helicopter with a plurality of wireless sensors, and wherein the one or more of the components of the helicopter includes one or more components of a main rotor head of the helicopter or one or more components of a fuselage of the helicopter.