System constraints method of controlling operation of an electro-mechanical transmission with an additional constraint

• US 8,133,151 B2
• Filed: 09/27/2008
• Issued: 03/13/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 11/02/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, Daimler AG (Mercedes-Benz Group AG), Chrysler Group LLC (Stellantis NV)
• Original Assignee: Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, GM Global Technology Operations LLC (General Motors Company), Daimler AG (Mercedes-Benz Group AG), Chrysler LLC (Stellantis NV)
• Inventors: Hsieh, Tung-Ming, Heap, Anthony H.
• Primary Examiner(s): Young, Edwin A
• Assistant Examiner(s): Scott, Jacob S
• Application Number:
  US12/239,760
• Publication Number:
  US 20090118077A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,263 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 477/3
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 1/02 comprising more than one electric motor
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/26 characterised by the motors or the generators
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/365 with the gears having orbital motion
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/445 Differential gearing distribution type
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/547 the transmission being a stepped gearing
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2220/18 Reluctance machines
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/423 Torque
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/443 Torque
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/486 Operating parameters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/525 Temperature of converter or components thereof
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/16 with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/61 by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/02 including control of driveline clutches
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/06 including control of combustion engines
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/08 including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/26 for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/00 Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles hybrid vehicle design, B60K6/00; electric vehicles B60L
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/10 Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2050/0005 Processor details or data handling, e.g. memory registers or chip architecture
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2050/0022 Gains, weighting coefficients or weighting functions
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2050/0031 : Mathematical model of the vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/0275 : Clutch torque
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/0657 : Engine torque
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/244 : Charge state
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2540/10 : Accelerator pedal position
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2540/12 : Brake pedal position
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2710/083 : Torque
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2710/105 : Output torque
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 50/04 : Monitoring the functioning of the control system
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 2037/0866 : Power split variators with distributing differentials, with the output of the CVT connected or connectable to the output shaft
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 2037/102 : the input or output shaft of the transmission is connected or connectable to two or more differentials
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 2037/104 : Power split variators with one end of the CVT connected or connectable to two or more differentials
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 2037/106 : with switching means to provide two variator modes or ranges
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 3/728 : with means to change ratio in the mechanical gearing
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/40 : Engine management systems
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 : Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 : Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/945 : Characterized by control of gearing, e.g. control of transmission ratio
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/947 : Characterized by control of braking, e.g. blending of regeneration, friction braking

Abstract

Operation of an electro-mechanical transmission includes determining motor torque constraints and battery power constraints. An additional constraint on the electro-mechanical transmission is determined. A preferred output torque is determined that is achievable within the motor torque constraints and based upon the additional constraint and the battery power constraints.

Claims

1. A method for controlling an electro-mechanical transmission operatively coupled to first and second electric machines to transmit power to an output member, the method comprising:

determining motor torque constraints for the first and second electric machines;

determining battery power constraints for an electrical energy storage device electrically connected to the first and second electric machines;

determining an additional constraint on the electro-mechanical transmission;

determining a preferred output torque to the output member of the electro-mechanical transmission that is achievable within the motor torque constraints and is based upon the additional constraint and the battery power constraints;

controlling operation of the electro-mechanical transmission and the first and second electric machines to achieve the preferred output torque at the output member based upon the motor torque constraints, the additional constraint, and the battery power constraints;

formulating mathematical equations representing maximum and minimum motor torque constraints for the first and second electric machines and representing maximum and minimum battery power constraints;

formulating a mathematical equation representing the output torque;

formulating a mathematical equation representing the additional constraint;

transforming the mathematical equations representing the maximum and minimum battery power constraints to equations of concentric circles having respective radii;

transforming the mathematical equations representing the maximum and minimum motor torque constraints for the first and second electric machines to equations comprising lines;

transforming the mathematical equation representing the additional constraint to an equation comprising a line; and

transforming the mathematical equation representing the output torque to an equation comprising a line.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

determining at least one transformed achievable output torque based upon the transformed motor torque constraints for the first and second electric machines and the transformed battery power constraints and the transformed additional constraint;

determining a transformed achievable maximum output torque from the electro-mechanical transmission; and

retransforming the transformed achievable maximum output torque to determine the preferred output torques for the first and second electric machines.

3. The method of claim 1, comprising calculating at least one intersection of the transformed mathematical equations representing the maximum and minimum battery power constraints, the transformed mathematical equations representing the maximum and minimum motor torque constraints for the first and second electric machines, the transformed mathematical equation representing the additional constraint, and the transformed mathematical equation representing the output torque.

4. A method for controlling an electro-mechanical transmission operatively coupled to first and second electric machines to transmit power to an output member, the method comprising:

determining motor torque constraints for the first and second electric machines;

transforming the motor torque constraints to equations comprising one of horizontal and vertical lines for the first electric machine and transforming the motor torque constraints to equations comprising the other one of horizontal and vertical lines for the second electric machine;

defining a coordinate space based on the transformed motor torque constraints for the first and second electric machines;

determining battery power constraints for an electrical energy storage device electrically connected to the first and second electric machines;

transforming the battery power constraints for the electrical energy storage device to equations of concentric circles having respective radii within the coordinate space, the equations based on the transformed motor torques and a battery parameter defining an absolute minimum possible battery power at given motor speeds of the first and second electric machines;

determining an additional constraint on the electro-mechanical transmission;

transforming the additional constraint to an equation comprising a first line within the coordinate space;

when the battery power constraints are less than sufficient to meet a required battery power for achieving a maximum output torque based upon the motor torque constraints, determining a preferred output torque to the output member of the electro-mechanical transmission that is achievable within the motor torque constraints and is based upon the additional constraint and the battery power constraints;

transforming the output torque to an equation comprising a second line within the coordinate space;

controlling operation of the electro-mechanical transmission and the first and second electric machines to achieve the preferred output torque at the output member based upon the motor torque constraints, the additional constraint, and the battery power constraints; and

calculating at least one intersection of the battery power constraints transformed to the equations of concentric circles, the motor torque constraints transformed to the equations comprising one of horizontal and vertical lines for the first electric machine and the motor torque constraints transformed to the equations comprising the other one of horizontal and vertical lines for the second electric machine, the additional constraint transformed to the equation comprising the first line and the output torque transformed to the equation comprising the second line.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the preferred output torque comprises a commanded output torque to the output member to achieve an operator torque request.

6. The method of claim 5, further comprising when the battery power constraints are less than sufficient to meet a required battery power for achieving a maximum output torque based upon the motor torque constraints, determining a preferred output torque to the output member of the electro-mechanical transmission that is achievable within the additional constraint and that minimizes a violation of a maximum battery power constraint when the additional constraint is achievable within the motor torque constraints and the additional constraint exceeds the maximum battery power constraint.

7. The method of claim 5, further comprising when the battery power constraints are less than sufficient to meet a required battery power for achieving a maximum output torque based upon the motor torque constraints, determining a preferred output torque to the output member of the electro-mechanical transmission that is achievable within the additional constraint and is constrained by a maximum battery power constraint when the additional constraint is achievable within the motor torque constraints and the additional constraint is achievable within the maximum battery power constraint.

8. The method of claim 7, further comprising limiting the preferred output torque to the output member of the electro-mechanical transmission to an output torque achievable within the motor torque constraints and achievable within the maximum battery power constraint.

9. The method of claim 5, further comprising when the battery power constraints are less than sufficient to meet a required battery power for achieving a maximum output torque based upon the motor torque constraints, determining a preferred output torque to the output member of the electro-mechanical transmission that is achievable within the additional constraint and achievable within the battery power constraints when the additional constraint is achievable within the motor torque constraints and the additional constraint can exceed one of the maximum battery power constraint and the minimum battery power constraint.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the maximum battery power constraint comprises a maximum battery discharging power.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the minimum battery power constraint comprises a minimum battery charging power.

12. The method of claim 4, wherein the additional constraint comprises an input torque to an input shaft from an internal combustion engine.

13. The method of claim 4, wherein the additional constraint comprises reactive torque across an applied torque transfer clutch in the transmission.