Systems and methods for converting illumination

• US 8,142,051 B2
• Filed: 10/27/2006
• Issued: 03/27/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 11/18/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Signify North America Corporation (Signify N.V.)
• Original Assignee: Philips Solid-State Lighting Solutions (Koninklijke Philips N.V.)
• Inventors: Ducharme, Alfred D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Santiago, Mariceli
• Application Number:
  US11/553,512
• Publication Number:
  US 20070047227A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,978 Days
• Field of Search: 313/501, 313/512, 313485-487, 257 98-100, 362/249.05, 362/500, 362/545, 362/800, 362/612, 362/311.02
• US Class Current: 362/249.02
• CPC Class Codes: F21K 9/64 using wavelength conversion means distinct or spaced from the light-generating element, e.g. a remote phosphor layer
• CPC Class Codes: F21V 13/08 the elements being filters or photoluminescent elements and reflectors
• CPC Class Codes: F21V 3/04 characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings
• CPC Class Codes: F21V 9/32 characterised by the arrangement of the photoluminescent material
• CPC Class Codes: F21V 9/38 Combination of two or more photoluminescent elements of different materials
• CPC Class Codes: F21W 2131/406 for theatres, stages or film studios
• CPC Class Codes: F21Y 2103/10 comprising a linear array of point-like light-generating elements
• CPC Class Codes: F21Y 2113/13 comprising an assembly of point-like light sources
• CPC Class Codes: F21Y 2115/10 Light-emitting diodes [LED]
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 45/20 Controlling the colour of the light
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 45/22 using optical feedback
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 47/165 following a pre-assigned programmed sequence; Logic control [LC]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 362/80 Light emitting diode

Abstract

An illumination system according to the principles of the invention may include a first LED and a carrier material. The carrier material may be comprised of plastic, synthetic material, polymer, latex, rubber or other material. The carrier material may also contain a phosphor, fluorescent material, organic fluorescent material, inorganic fluorescent material, impregnated phosphor, phosphor particles, phosphor material, YAG:Ce phosphor, or other material for converting electromagnetic radiation into illumination or visible light.

Claims

1. A linear lighting apparatus, comprising:

a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs) disposed in a substantially linear arrangement and configured to emit, when energized, at least first radiation having a first spectrum; and

at least one conversion material having a substantially linear form and arranged with respect to the plurality of light emitting diodes such that at least some of the first radiation impinges upon the at least one conversion material,

wherein the at least one conversion material is configured to convert at least one frequency component of the first spectrum so as to provide to an observer of the linear lighting apparatus visible light having a converted spectrum different than the first spectrum;

wherein the plurality of LEDs comprise at least one first LED and at least one second LED, and wherein the at least one first LED and at least one second LED are configured to emit, when energized, at least the first radiation having the first spectrum and second radiation having a second spectrum different than the first spectrum, respectively;

said plurality of LEDs extending linearly within an elongate housing having a conversion material;

said elongate housing coupled to said plurality of LEDs and retaining said

LEDs within said housing and emitting light through said elongate housing;

wherein the housing is configured to at least partially enclose the plurality of LEDs, and wherein the housing and the at least one conversion material are cooperatively arranged such that at least the first radiation impinges upon a first side of the at least one conversion material and the visible light is provided on a second side of the at least one conversion material.

2. The linear lighting apparatus of claim 1, wherein said elongate housing is tubular in configuration.

3. The linear lighting apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

at least some of the plurality of LEDs are disposed within a curved substantially linear arrangement of said elongate housing; and

at least a portion of the at least one conversion material has a curved substantially linear form corresponding to the curved substantially linear arrangement of said elongate housing.

4. The linear lighting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one conversion material is substantially translucent and includes at least one of a polymeric material, a phosphorescent material, and a fluorescent material.

5. The linear lighting apparatus of claim 4, wherein the at least one conversion material includes at least one of latex and rubber.

6. The linear lighting apparatus of claim 4, wherein the at least one conversion material includes at least one phosphor-doped material.

7. The linear lighting apparatus of claim 4, wherein the at least one conversion material includes a YAG:

Ce phosphor.

8. The linear lighting apparatus of claim 1, further comprising at least one controller configured to independently control a first intensity of the first radiation and a second intensity of the second radiation so as to vary the converted spectrum of the visible light provided by the linear lighting apparatus.

9. The linear lighting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one conversion material is arranged with respect to the plurality of light emitting diodes such that at least some of the first radiation and the second radiation impinges upon the at least one conversion material.

10. The linear lighting apparatus of claim 9, wherein the at least one conversion material is configured to convert the at least one frequency component of the first spectrum and at least one frequency component of the second spectrum so as to provide to the observer of the linear lighting apparatus the visible light having the converted spectrum.

11. The linear lighting apparatus of claim 10, further comprising at least one controller configured to independently control a first intensity of the first radiation and a second intensity of the second radiation so as to vary the converted spectrum of the visible light provided by the linear lighting apparatus.

12. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the at least one conversion material includes at least one of an impregnated phosphor and phosphor particles.

13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said housing and the at least one conversion material are cooperatively arranged such that at least the first radiation impinges upon a first side of the at least one conversion material and the visible light is provided on a second side of the at least one conversion material.

14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one conversion material is integrated with at least a portion of the housing so as to form part of the housing itself.

15. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising at least one controller configured to independently control a first intensity of the first radiation and a second intensity of the second radiation so as to vary the converted spectrum of the visible light provided by the linear lighting apparatus.

16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the at least one controller is configured to independently control the first intensity of the first radiation and the second intensity of the second radiation such that the visible light includes substantially white light having a variable color temperature.

17. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the at least one first LED includes at least one blue LED; and

the at least one conversion material is configured to alter only the first spectrum.

18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the at least one second LED includes at least one amber LED.

19. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one conversion material includes a first conversion material and a second conversion material different from the first conversion material, and wherein one of the first radiation and the second radiation selectively interacts with the first conversion material.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the first and second different conversion materials are arranged with respect to the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED such that the one of the first radiation and the second radiation, when generated, impinges upon at least the first conversion material.

21. The apparatus of claim 1,

wherein the at least one conversion material is associated with only a portion of the housing and arranged with respect to the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED such that only one of the first radiation and the second radiation, when generated, substantially interacts with the at least one conversion material.

22. The linear lighting apparatus of claim 1, further comprising at least one reflector disposed proximate to the at least one conversion material and/or the plurality of LEDs.

23. The linear lighting apparatus of claim 22, wherein the at least one conversion material is placed over an inlet to the at least one reflector.

24. The linear lighting apparatus of claim 1, further comprising at least one of:

at least one partition;

at least one reflector; and

at least one divider,

for directing at least a portion of the first radiation to a particular location on the at least one conversion material.

25. A lighting method, comprising acts of:

A) disposing a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs) in a substantially linear arrangement within a tubular housing, said tubular housing having a translucent side wall, each of said LEDs positioned centrally within said tubular housing and substantially equidistant from said translucent side wall;

B) generating at least first radiation having a first spectrum from the plurality of LEDs and generating second radiation having a second spectrum from the plurality of LEDs which are different than the first spectrum;

C) arranging at least one conversion material having a substantially linear form with respect to the plurality of LEDs on said translucent side wall of said tubular housing such that the first radiation, when generated, substantially interacts with the conversion material, wherein said plurality of LEDs extending within a substantially tubular elongate housing supporting interiorly said plurality of LEDs such that each of said plurality of LEDs are substantially equally distanced from said conversion material;

irradiating the at least one conversion material with at least some of the first radiation and the second radiation, wherein the at least one conversion material is configured to convert the at least one frequency component of the first spectrum and at least one frequency component of the second spectrum so as to provide the visible light having the converted spectrum;

and

D) irradiating the at least one conversion material with at least some of the first radiation,

wherein the at least one conversion material is configured to convert at least one frequency component of the first spectrum so as to provide visible light having a converted spectrum different than the first spectrum;

independently controlling a first intensity of the first radiation and a second intensity of the second radiation so as to vary the converted spectrum of the visible light, such that the visible light includes substantially white light having a variable color temperature.

26. The lighting method of claim 25, wherein the at least one conversion material is substantially translucent and includes at least one of a polymeric material, a phosphorescent material, and a fluorescent material.

27. The lighting method of claim 25, wherein the at least one conversion material includes at least one phosphor-doped material.

28. The lighting method of claim 25, wherein the at least one conversion material includes at least one of an impregnated phosphor and phosphor particles.

29. The lighting method of claim 25, wherein the at least one conversion material includes a YAG:

Ce phosphor.

30. The lighting method of claim 25, further comprising an act of:

independently controlling a first intensity of the first radiation and a second intensity of the second radiation so as to vary the converted spectrum of the visible light.

31. The lighting method of claim 25, further comprising:

arranging at least one reflector proximate to the at least one conversion material and/or the plurality of LEDs.

32. A linear lighting apparatus, comprising:

a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs) disposed in a substantially linear arrangement, the plurality of LEDs including;

at least one first LED configured to emit, when energized, at least first radiation having a first spectrum; and

at least one second LED configured to emit, when energized, at least second radiation having a second spectrum;

an elongate tubular housing coupled to the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED, both of said first LED and said second LED positioned within said tubular housing and spacing each of said plurality of LEDs substantially equidistantly from a translucent sidewall of said tubular housing; and

at least one conversion material integrated with said tubular housing and having a substantially linear form and arranged with respect to the plurality of light emitting diodes such that at least some of the first radiation impinges upon the at least one conversion material,

wherein the at least one conversion material is configured to convert at least one frequency component of the first spectrum so as to provide to an observer of the linear lighting apparatus visible light having a converted spectrum different than the first spectrum;

wherein the at least one conversion material includes a first conversion material, wherein the apparatus further includes a second conversion material different from the first conversion material, and wherein one of the first radiation and the second radiation selectively interacts with the first conversion material.

33. The apparatus of claim 32, wherein at least one of the first conversion material and the second conversion material is integrated with a portion of the housing so as to form part of the housing itself.

34. The apparatus of claim 32, wherein:

the first conversion material is arranged with respect to the at least one first LED such that the first radiation, when generated, impinges upon the first conversion material, the first conversion material configured to change at least one first frequency component of the first spectrum so as to provide a first converted spectrum; and

the second conversion material is arranged with respect to the at least one first LED such that the first radiation, when generated, impinges upon the second conversion material, the second conversion material configured to change at least one second frequency component of the first spectrum so as to provide a second converted spectrum different from the first converted spectrum,

wherein the at least one first LED includes at least one blue LED,

wherein the first conversion material is configured such that the first converted spectrum includes substantially white light having a first color temperature, and

wherein the second conversion material is configured such that the second converted spectrum includes substantially white light having a second color temperature lower than the first color temperature.

35. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the at least one second LED includes at least one amber LED, and wherein the apparatus further comprises:

at least one controller configured to independently control a first intensity of the first radiation and a second intensity of the second radiation.

36. The apparatus of claim 32, further comprising at least one reflector disposed proximate to the at least one conversion material and/or the plurality of LEDs.

37. The apparatus of claim 36, wherein the at least one conversion material is placed over an inlet to the at least one reflector.

38. The apparatus of claim 32, further comprising at least one of:

at least one partition;

at least one reflector; and

at least one divider,

for directing at least a portion of the first radiation and/or the second radiation to at least one particular location on the at least one conversion material and/or the housing.