Adaptive sidelobe blanking for motion compensation

• US 8,144,051 B2
• Filed: 09/05/2008
• Issued: 03/27/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 09/05/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Raytheon Company (Rtx Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Raytheon Company (Rtx Corporation)
• Inventors: Lok, Yuchoi F., Chang, Kaichiang, Pozgay, Jerome H.
• Primary Examiner(s): Gregory, Bernarr
• Application Number:
  US12/231,802
• Publication Number:
  US 20110309972A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,299 Days
• Field of Search: 342 73- 81, 342159-162, 342/175, 342/195, 342 25 R- 25 F, 342/89, 342/94, 342/194, 342/196, 342368-377, 342/350, 342/385, 342/417, 342/421, 342/450, 342/451, 342378-384, 343/700.R, 343/757
• US Class Current: 342/161
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 2013/0254 Active array antenna
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/023 Interference mitigation, e.g. reducing or avoiding non-intentional interference with other HF-transmitters, base station transmitters for mobile communication or other radar systems, e.g. using electro-magnetic interference [EMI] reduction techniques auxiliary means for detecting or identifying radar signals or the like G01S7/021; means for anti-jamming G01S7/36
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/0236 Avoidance by space multiplex
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/03 Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/36 Means for anti-jamming , e.g. ECCM, i.e. electronic counter-counter measures
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/4004 of parts of a radar system
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/185 by electronic means
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/32 Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/34 Adaptation for use in or on ships, submarines, buoys or torpedoes for subaqueous use H01Q1/04
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 3/08 for varying two co-ordinates of the orientation
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 3/26 varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture H01Q3/12, H01Q3/22, H01Q3/24 take precedence

Abstract

A motion compensation method and system is included in a radar antenna system mounted on a moving platform which is subject to pitch, yaw and roll. The radar antenna system includes a main array antenna, and an auxiliary antenna. The auxiliary channel associated with the auxiliary antenna utilizes roll, pitch and yaw angle motion compensations as its auxiliary antenna always steers a horizontal fan shape beam at the horizon to blank any surface (land or sea) based EM interferences. Such motion compensations are provided by a ship motion compensator component and process included within the antenna system. The ship motion compensator component in response to platform motion signals indicative of changes in platform motion angles generates new sets of values using an initial set of weighting coefficient values as a function of such angle motion changes. This produces changes in both amplitude and phase weighting coefficient values which results in both the quadrant phase rotation and the element weighting rotation. The process steers and spreads out the received auxiliary antenna pattern making sidelobe coverage broad enough to compensate for such changes in platform motion.

Claims

1. A method for providing electronic motion compensation for a moving platform mounted phased array radar antenna system subject to changes in roll, pitch and yaw, the radar system including a main antenna channel and at least one auxiliary antenna channel respectively for receiving main beam, auxiliary beam and side lobe antenna patterns from transmit/receive modules of the main and auxiliary antennas, the main and auxiliary channels being coupled to a sidelobe blanking (SLB) circuit for blanking out interference and whose output couples to a radar data processor included in the system to provide for accurate target detection, the method comprising:

(a) generating new sets of amplitude and phase digital coefficient values by a roll motion compensator modified as a function of roll angle information derived from platform motion data signals provided by the antenna system, each new set providing both the quadrant phase rotation and amplitude element weighting rotation;

(b) applying the new sets of amplitude and phase digital coefficient values generated by the roll motion compensator to an auxiliary beam steering generator; and

(c) during a receive cycle of operation, the auxiliary beam steering generator applying each new set of amplitude and phase weighting coefficient values to the transmit/receive module of the auxiliary antenna for causing both amplitude and phase rotation of the received auxiliary beam SLB antenna pattern resulting in a pattern broad enough to provide effective sidelobe blanking by the SLB circuit notwithstanding changes in platform roll angle motion.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the method further includes the steps of:

(d) applying pitch and yaw angle information derived from the antenna system to the roll motion compensator;

(e) the roll motion compensator generating further sets of phase digital coefficient values modified as a function of received pitch and yaw angle information for providing additional quadrant phase rotation to electronically steer the auxiliary antenna beam toward the horizon for compensating for changes in platform pitch and yaw.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein step (e) further includes generating the further sets of phase digital coefficient values before generating the phase digital coefficient values of step (a).

4. The method of claim 2 wherein step (e) further includes generating the further sets of phase digital coefficient values after generating the phase digital coefficient values of step (a).

5. The method of claim 2 wherein step (e) further includes generating the further sets of phase digital coefficient values according to the following equation:

6. The method of claim 2 wherein each transmit/receive module includes phase shifter, attenuator and module controller circuits, the module controller circuit applying each new set of amplitude and phase digital coefficient values to the phase shifter and attenuator circuits causing both amplitude and phase rotation of the received auxiliary beam sidelobe antenna pattern shaping the pattern in a manner which compensates for the change in platform roll, pitch and yaw angle motion for providing effective sidelobe blanking of interference signals by the SLB circuit.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein in step (a), the new sets of amplitude and phase digital coefficient values are generated off-line in response to different values of roll angle and initially stored in a memory and wherein in step (b), the new sets of amplitude and phase digital coefficient values applied to the auxiliary beam steering generator are obtained from the memory selected through roll angle information derived from the platform motion data signals received during antenna system operation.

8. The method of claim 1 wherein the method further includes the steps of:

(f) including in the radar data processor, a memory operatively coupled to the roll angle motion compensator; and

(g) initially storing in the memory, an initial set of amplitude and phase digital coefficient values generated for a zero roll angle for establishing the characteristics of the received auxiliary antenna sidelobe beam pattern throughout the operation of the radar antenna system.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein the method further includes the step of:

(k) applying the initial set of amplitude and phase digital coefficient values from the memory to the roll angle compensator during radar system operation to be used in generating each new set of amplitude and phase digital coefficients as a function of changes in roll angle.

10. The method of claim 9 wherein the new sets of amplitude and phase digital coefficient values are generated at a rate which is less than a rate at which the radar data processor operates.

11. The method of claim 10 wherein the rate at which each new set of amplitude and phase digital coefficient values are generated corresponds to the rate of change in platform motion which is much slower than the rate at which the radar data processor operates.

12. The method of claim 10 wherein the roll, pitch and yaw angle compensator generates a new set of amplitude and phase digital coefficient values only when the change in any or total of the roll, pitch and yaw angle is indicated to be greater than a pre-established value.

13. The method of claim 1 wherein the radar data processor includes a buffer memory operatively coupled to the roll angle motion compensator, the buffer memory for storing each new set of amplitude and phase digital coefficient values generated by the roll angle motion compensator and the method further including the step of:

(h) applying each new set of amplitude and phase digital coefficient values generated and stored in the buffer memory to the auxiliary beam steering generator during a receive cycle of operation of the moving platform radar antenna system.

14. The method of claim 13 wherein the transmit/receive modules of the auxiliary antenna includes inputs coupled for receiving signals from a plurality of radiating elements of the auxiliary antenna and wherein the buffer memory is organized into row and column elements representing the plurality of radiating elements, the method further comprising the steps of:

(i) including in the roll angle compensator, a rotate amplitude generation subroutine component for generating amplitude rotate coefficient values row by row and column by column as a function of an input roll angle value; and

(j) including in the roll angle compensator, a shift phase generation component for generating phase rotate coefficient values row by row and column by column as a function of the input roll angle value in step (g).

15. The method of claim 14 wherein the radar data processor further includes inputs for receiving current platform motion signals indicating changes in the roll angle of the moving platform mounted radar antenna system and a beam pointing process component for generating the input roll angle values based on received platform motion signals.

16. The method of claim 14 wherein in response to a change in input roll angle, the rotate amplitude generation subroutine component causes a shifting of the initial amplitude values obtained from the memory to adjacent row and column array element locations within the buffer memory in the direction of the roll angle.

17. The method of claim 14 wherein in response to a change in roll angle, the shift phase generation subroutine component changes the initial phase angle value obtained from the memory in each row and column of a quadrant by an amount proportional to the change in input roll angle for storage in the buffer memory.

18. Apparatus for providing electronic angle motion compensation for a moving platform mounted phased array radar antenna system subject to changes in roll, yaw and pitch, the radar antenna system including a main antenna channel and at least one auxiliary antenna channel for receiving main beam, auxiliary beam and side lobe antenna patterns from transmit/receive modules of the main and auxiliary antennas, the main and auxiliary channels being coupled to a sidelobe blanking (SLB) circuit for blanking out interference and whose output couples to a radar data processor included in the system for providing accurate target detection, the apparatus comprising:

(a) a roll angle compensator for generating new sets of amplitude and phase digital coefficient values modified as a function of angle information derived from platform motion data signals provided by the antenna system, each new set providing both quadrant phase rotation and the element amplitude weighting rotation;

(b) the roll motion compensator being coupled to an auxiliary beam steering generator for receiving the new sets of amplitude and phase digital coefficient values; and

(c) the auxiliary beam steering generator being coupled to the transmit/receive modules of the auxiliary antenna, the auxiliary beam steering generator being operative during a receive cycle of operation, to apply each new set of amplitude and phase weighting coefficient values to the transmit/receive modules for causing both amplitude and phase rotation of the received auxiliary beam SLB antenna pattern resulting in a pattern broad enough to provide effective sidelobe blanking by the SLB circuit notwithstanding changes in platform angle motion.

19. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein each transmit/receive module of the auxiliary antenna includes phase shifter, attenuator and module controller circuits, the module controller circuit being operative to apply each new set of amplitude and phase digital coefficient values to the phase shifter and attenuator circuits causing both amplitude and phase rotation of the received auxiliary beam sidelobe antenna pattern for shaping the pattern in a manner which compensates for the change in platform roll angle motion for providing effective sidelobe blanking of interference signals by the SLB circuit.

20. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein the radar data processor further includes:

(d) a memory operatively coupled to the roll angle motion compensator; and

(e) means for initially storing in the memory, an initial set of amplitude and phase digital coefficient values for a zero roll angle which are used to establish the characteristics of the received auxiliary antenna sidelobe beam pattern throughout the operation of the radar antenna system.

21. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein the radar data processor further includes a buffer memory operatively coupled to the roll angle motion compensator, the buffer memory being operative to store each new set of amplitude and phase digital coefficient values generated by the roll angle motion compensator and the roll angle motion compensator being operatively coupled to the auxiliary beam steering generator for applying each new set of amplitude and phase digital coefficient values generated and stored in the buffer memory during a receive cycle of operation of the moving platform radar antenna system.

22. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein the transmit/receive modules of the auxiliary antenna further includes inputs coupled for receiving signals from a plurality of radiating elements of the auxiliary antenna and wherein the buffer memory is organized into row and column elements representing the plurality of radiating elements, the apparatus further comprising:

(f) a rotate amplitude generation subroutine component for generating amplitude rotate coefficient values row by row and column by column as a function of an input roll angle value; and

(g) a shift phase generation component for generating phase rotate coefficient values row by row and column by column as a function of the input roll angle value.

23. The apparatus of claim 22 wherein the radar data processor further includes inputs for receiving current platform motion signals indicating changes in the roll angle of the moving platform mounted radar antenna system and a beams pointing process component for generating the input roll angle values based on received platform motion signals.

24. The apparatus of claim 22 wherein in response to a change in input roll angle, the rotate amplitude generation subroutine component causes a shifting of the initial amplitude values obtained from the memory to adjacent row and column array element locations within the buffer memory in the direction of the roll angle.

25. The apparatus of claim 22 wherein in response to a change in roll angle, the shift phase generation subroutine component changes the initial phase angle value obtained from the memory in each row and column of a quadrant by an amount proportional to the change in input roll angle for storage in the buffer memory.

26. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein the memory of the radar data processor is operative to apply the initial set of amplitude and phase digital coefficient values to the roll angle motion compensator during system operation to be used in generating each new set of amplitude and phase digital coefficients as a function of changes in roll angle.

27. The apparatus of claim 26 wherein the each new set of amplitude and phase digital coefficient values are generated at a rate which is less than a rate at which the radar data processor operates.

28. The apparatus of claim 27 wherein the rate at which each new set of amplitude and phase digital coefficient values are generated corresponds to the rate of change in platform motion which is much slower than the rate at which the radar data processor operates.

29. The apparatus of claim 28 wherein the roll angle compensator generates a new set of amplitude and phase digital coefficient values only when the change in any one or a total roll, pitch and yaw angle is indicated to be greater than a pre-established value.

30. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein the roll angle compensator is included in the radar processor.

31. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein the roll angle compensator is included within the auxiliary beam steering generator.