Method and apparatus for detecting movement of a shipping container latch

• US 8,154,404 B2
• Filed: 10/16/2008
• Issued: 04/10/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 10/19/2007
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: N7 Systems, LLC
• Original Assignee: N7 Systems, LLC
• Inventors: Diener, Mark A., Keller, John R., Montrose, Rodney C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Bugg, George
• Assistant Examiner(s): Wang, Jack
• Application Number:
  US12/253,046
• Publication Number:
  US 20090102650A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,272 Days
• Field of Search: 340/546.6, 340/542, 340/541, 340/568.1
• US Class Current: 340/545.6
• CPC Class Codes: E05B 2047/0097 including means for monitoring voltage, e.g. for indicating low battery state
• CPC Class Codes: E05B 45/06 Electric alarm locks E05B45/005 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: E05B 83/10 Rotary bars
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/087 Inventory or stock management, e.g. order filling, procurement or balancing against orders
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/08 by opening, e.g. of door, of window, of drawer, of shutter, of curtain, of blind
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 292/31 Hasps
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 292/51 Seal bolts

Abstract

A system, method, and apparatus for monitoring and detecting movement of components of a shipping container latch. A latch monitor may embody an electromagnetic sensing unit and a nearby magnet or light emitter for measuring and characterizing the profile of a nearby electromagnetic field. The field profile is monitored to detect a change in the profile, log the change, and report any abnormal disturbance to the electromagnetic field, indicating a breach of the integrity of a latching mechanism on a shipping container. An alert of a breach event may be sent via a communication network to an authority for response. The invention can distinguish authorized, incidental, and tampering events, and also store and upload an electronic manifest for a shipping container.

Claims

1. A method for detecting movement of a shipping container latch, comprising the steps of:

attaching a magnet to a movable portion of said shipping container latch;

installing a sensing unit having a processor and first and second sensing elements coupled thereto on a stationary portion of said container latch and proximate to a path traversed by said magnet for detecting changes in a magnetic field profile caused by movement of said movable portion of said container latch; and

processing data in said sensing unit representing said changes in said magnetic field profile to determine whether said movement of said container latch is authorized or incidental or a tampering incident.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of:

generating a data message containing information derived in said processing step; and

transmitting said data message via a communication network to an external control terminal.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein said attaching step comprises:

installing a straight bar magnet in said movable portion of said latch;

wherein an axis of said magnet is aligned substantially perpendicular to movement of said movable portion.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein said installing step comprises:

orienting one pole of said magnet toward said sensing unit.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein said attaching step comprises:

installing a straight bar magnet in said movable portion of said latch, wherein said movable portion of said latch is configured as a rotating member to rotate about an axis;

wherein an axis of said magnet is aligned along a radius of said rotating member.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein said installing step comprises:

orienting one pole of said magnet toward said sensing unit.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein said installing step comprises:

configuring said sensing unit with at least two sensing elements spaced apart;

disposing said at least two sensing elements such that outputs of said sensing elements are responsive to changes in position of said magnet as said movable portion of said container latch is moved;

coupling a processing circuit to said output of said sensing elements for converting said outputs to digital form for storage in a non-transitory memory coupled to said processing circuit; and

storing said digital form of said outputs of said sensing elements in a non-transitory memory segment.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein said configuring step comprises:

specifying that said at least two sensing elements are Hall Effect Sensor (HES) devices.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein said configuring step comprises:

aligning four Hall Effect Sensor (HES) devices in a straight line array within said sensing unit and substantially within a plane of movement of said magnet; and

disposing said array perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of said magnet when said moving portion of said container latch is locked in a closed and latched condition.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein said processing step comprises:

comparing said data representing said changes in said magnetic field profile with a stored signature profile corresponding to sensor data representing a closed and latched container door; and

confirming a closed and latched condition of said container door if no disparity relative to said signature profile is found;

or

analyzing said data representing said changes in said magnetic field profile if a disparity relative to said signature profile is found.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the step of analyzing comprises:

determining whether said disparity relative to said signature profile is an indication of an incidental event or a tampering event;

logging an alert if said disparity indicates a tampering event; and

initiating an alert sequence if said indication is determined to be a tampering event.

12. The method of claim 2, wherein said generating step comprises:

retrieving data from a non-transitory memory segment corresponding to measurements of said sensing unit of said changes in said magnetic field profile;

formatting said data in a data message; and

configuring said data message for coupling to a transmitter.

13. The method of claim 2, wherein said transmitting step comprises:

coupling a signal containing data representing said changes in said magnetic field profile to a transmitter input; and

transmitting said signal to said external terminal through said communication network.

14. A sensing apparatus for detecting movement of a shipping container latch, comprising:

a magnet disposed within the body of a movable portion of the shipping container latch;

a housing attached to the shipping container proximate said movable portion of said container latch;

a plurality of magnetic field sensors disposed in a uniform, predetermined configuration and supported by said housing proximate said magnet, each said sensor providing an output signal proportional to a magnetic field intensity produced by said magnet at the location of each said sensor;

a processor including a non-transitory memory operating under the control of an executable program residing in said memory for receiving and analyzing the output signal from each sensor to obtain a magnetic field profile produced by the magnet; and

a transmitter for sending a data message generated by said processor, said data message containing information describing the magnetic field profile and whether it compares identically with a signature profile stored in said memory.