CNT-infused fiber and method therefor

• US 8,158,217 B2
• Filed: 01/03/2007
• Issued: 04/17/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 01/03/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Applied NanoStructured Solutions, LLC (Cabot Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Applied NanoStructured Solutions, LLC (Cabot Corporation)
• Inventors: Shah, Tushar K., Gardner, Slade H., Alberding, Mark R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Gambetta, Kelly M
• Application Number:
  US11/619,327
• Publication Number:
  US 20100276072A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,931 Days
• Field of Search: 427/249.3, 427/249.4, 427/577
• US Class Current: 427/577
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 23/74 Iron group metals
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 23/745 Iron
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 23/75 Cobalt
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 23/755 Nickel
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 37/08 Heat treatment B01J37/0009, B01J37/0018 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 30/00 Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 40/00 Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 32/162 characterised by catalysts
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 32/164 involving continuous processes

Abstract

A carbon nanotube-infused fiber and a method for its production are disclosed. Nanotubes are synthesized directly on a parent fiber by first applying a catalyst to the fiber. The properties of the carbon nanotube-infused fiber will be a combination of those of the parent fiber as well as those of the infused carbon nanotubes.

Claims

1. A method of infusing carbon nanotubes on a parent fiber, the method comprising:

spreading said parent fiber before disposing a carbon nanotube-forming catalyst on a surface of said parent fiber, thereby forming a catalyst-laden fiber;

actively heating said catalyst-laden fiber to a nanotube-synthesis temperature;

transporting said catalyst-laden fiber through a carbon plasma at atmospheric pressure, thereby synthesizing carbon nanotubes directly on said catalyst-laden fiber while being transported; and

re-bundling the spread parent fiber after synthesizing carbon nanotubes thereon.

2. The method of claim 1 further comprising removing a sizing material from said parent fiber before disposing said catalyst on said parent fiber.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein said catalyst is a transition metal catalyst.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the operation of disposing said catalyst on said parent fiber further comprises:

forming a solution of said catalyst in a liquid; and

spraying said solution on to said parent fiber.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein actively heating said catalyst-laden fiber comprises heating said catalyst-laden fiber to a softening temperature.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein actively heating said catalyst-laden fiber comprises heating said catalyst-laden fiber to a temperature that is between about 500°

C. and 1000°

C.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein said parent fiber is a carbon fiber and wherein actively heating said catalyst-laden fiber comprises heating to about 800°

C.

8. The method of claim 1 further comprising applying resin to said carbon nanotube-infused fiber.

9. The method of claim 8 further comprising winding said carbon nanotube-infused fiber about a mandrel after applying said resin.

10. The method of claim 8 wherein said parent fiber is selected from the group consisting of graphite tow and glass roving.

11. The method of claim 1 further comprising synthesizing a first amount of said carbon nanotubes on said parent fiber, wherein said first amount is selected so that said carbon nanotube-infused fiber exhibits a second group of properties that differ from a first group of properties exhibited by said parent fiber.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein said first group of properties and said second group of properties include at least some of the same properties, and further wherein a value of at least one of said same properties differs between said first group and said second group.

13. The method of claim 11 wherein said second group of properties of said carbon nanotube-infused fiber includes a property that is not included among said first group of properties exhibited by said parent fiber.

14. The method of claim 1 further comprising depositing a first amount of said carbon nanotubes, wherein said first amount is selected so that a value of at least one property selected from the group consisting of tensile strength, Young'"'"'s Modulus, density, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity of said carbon nanotube-infused fiber differs from a value of said at least one property of said parent fiber.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein the carbon nanotubes are covalently bonded to the parent fiber.

17. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

generating the carbon plasma by passing a carbon containing gas through an electric field that is capable of ionizing the gas.

15. A method of infusing carbon nanotubes on a parent fiber having a sizing material, the method comprising:

removing sizing material from said parent fiber;

spreading said parent fiber before applying a carbon nanotube-forming catalyst on a surface of said parent fiber after sizing material removal, thereby forming a catalyst-laden fiber;

heating said catalyst-laden fiber to at least 500°

C.;

synthesizing carbon nanotubes on said catalyst-laden fiber while the catalyst-laden fiber is being transported; and

re-bundling the spread parent fiber after synthesizing carbon nanotubes thereon.