Supply control for multiple power modes of a power amplifier

• US 8,160,520 B2
• Filed: 05/09/2008
• Issued: 04/17/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 05/09/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Avago Technologies International Sales Pte Limited (Broadcom, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Javelin Semiconductor, Inc. (Broadcom, Inc.)
• Inventors: Srinivasan, Vishnu, Bockelman, David E.
• Primary Examiner(s): LE, THANH C
• Application Number:
  US12/151,812
• Publication Number:
  US 20090278609A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,439 Days
• Field of Search: 455/550.1, 455/552.1, 455/574, 455/115.1, 455/127.1, 455/127.2, 455/127.4, 455/127.5, 455/127.3, 330/10, 330/136, 330/297
• US Class Current: 455/127.3
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/0216 Continuous control
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/0244 Stepped control
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/451 the amplifier being a radio frequency amplifier
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/507 A switch being used for switching on or off a supply or supplying circuit in an IC-block amplifier circuit
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/541 Transformer coupled at the output of an amplifier
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/21196 the supply voltage of a power amplifier being switchable controlled
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/7221 the gated amplifier being switched on or off by a switch at the output of the amplifier
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/7227 the gated amplifier being switched on or off by a switch in the supply circuit of the amplifier
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/7236 the gated amplifier being switched on or off by putting into parallel or not, by choosing between amplifiers by (a ) switch(es)
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/19 with semiconductor devices only
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/211 using a combination of several amplifiers H03F3/60 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/245 with semiconductor devices only
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/72 Gated amplifiers, i.e. amplifiers which are rendered operative or inoperative by means of a control signal
• CPC Class Codes: H03G 1/0088 using discontinuously variable devices, e.g. switch-operated
• CPC Class Codes: H03G 3/004 Control by varying the supply voltage
• CPC Class Codes: H03G 3/3042 in modulators, frequency-changers, transmitters or power amplifiers transmission power control in bidirectional transmission systems H04W52/04

Abstract

In one embodiment, the present invention includes an apparatus having at least two gain stages to receive incoming signals and to output amplified signals, along with multiple regulators. More specifically, a linear regulator can be coupled to the first gain stage to provide a first regulated voltage to the first gain stage, and a switching regulator coupled to the second gain stage to provide a second regulated voltage to the second gain stage.

Claims

1. An apparatus comprising:

a first gain stage to receive a first incoming signal and to output a first amplified signal;

a linear regulator coupled to the first gain stage to provide a first regulated voltage to the first gain stage;

a second gain stage to receive a second incoming signal and to output a second amplified signal;

a switching regulator coupled to the second gain stage to provide a second regulated voltage to the second gain stage; and

an output network coupled to the first and second gain stages to switchably couple one of the first and second amplified signals to an output load, the output network including a first transformer having a first turns ratio coupled to the first gain stage and a second transformer having a second turns ratio coupled to the second gain stage, the first turns ratio greater than the second turns ratio to provide a different effective output load to the first and second gain stages.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first regulated voltage is switchably coupled to the first gain stage when the apparatus is in a high power mode and the second regulated voltage is switchably coupled to the second gain stage when the apparatus is in a medium or low power mode.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the linear regulator is further coupled to the second gain stage to provide the first regulated voltage to the second gain stage when the first gain stage is enabled.

4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein only a single one of the first and second gain stages is to be enabled at a time, under control of a baseband processor coupled to the apparatus.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the linear regulator is controlled to provide the first regulated voltage at a fixed level and the switching regulator is controlled to provide the second regulated voltage at a variable level.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the linear regulator, the switching regulator and the first and second gain stages are adapted on a single semiconductor die.

7. A power amplifier comprising:

an amplifier to receive an incoming signal and to output an amplified signal;

a low dropout (LDO) regulator switchably coupled to the amplifier to provide a first regulated voltage to the amplifier, the LDO regulator configured to receive a digital control signal and to provide the first regulated signal responsive to the digital control signal; and

a switching regulator switchably coupled to the amplifier to provide a second regulated voltage to the amplifier, the switching regulator configured to receive a second digital control signal and an analog control signal and to provide the second regulated voltage responsive to a received one of the second digital control signal and the analog control signal.

8. The power amplifier of claim 7, wherein the LDO regulator and the switching regulator are coupled in parallel to the amplifier, and wherein a single one of the LDO regulator and the switching regulator is enabled at a time.

9. The power amplifier of claim 8, further comprising an output network coupled to the amplifier, wherein the output network includes a single transformer.

10. The power amplifier of claim 9, further comprising a shared circuit coupled to the switching regulator and the LDO regulator, the shared circuit including a shared filter to filter the first and second regulated voltages.

11. The power amplifier of claim 9, wherein the LDO regulator is switchably coupled to the amplifier via an enable signal to enable the LDO regulator, wherein the enable signal is to be received from a baseband processor.

12. The power amplifier of claim 9, wherein a drive point impedance of the amplifier is substantially less than an impedance of an output load coupled to the output network.

13. The power amplifier of claim 7, further comprising a second amplifier in a second path parallel to a first path including the amplifier, wherein the LDO regulator is switchably coupled to the second amplifier, and wherein the LDO regulator is switchably coupled to the amplifier when the power amplifier is in a high power mode and is otherwise uncoupled to the amplifier.

14. The power amplifier of claim 13, further comprising an output network coupled to the amplifier and the second amplifier to switchably couple one of the amplifier and the second amplifier to an output load, the output network including a first transformer having a first turns ratio coupled to the amplifier and a second transformer having a second turns ratio coupled to the second amplifier, the first turns ratio greater than the second turns ratio to provide a different effective output load to the first amplifier and the second amplifier.

15. A method comprising:

controlling a power amplifier to output a first power level according to a digital control signal, wherein the power amplifier is powered by a linear regulator under control of the digital control signal; and

controlling the power amplifier to output a second power level less than the first power level according to an analog control signal, wherein the power amplifier is powered by a switching regulator under control of the analog control signal.

16. The method of claim 15, further comprising powering a first gain stage of the power amplifier using the linear regulator and powering a second gain stage of the power amplifier using the switching regulator.

17. The method of claim 16, further comprising coupling an output of the first gain stage to an output load via a first transformer and coupling an output of the second gain stage to the output load via a second transformer.

18. The method of claim 15, further comprising receiving the digital control signal and the analog control signal from a baseband processor coupled to the power amplifier.

19. The method of claim 18, further comprising varying an output voltage of the switching regulator responsive to the analog control signal.

20. The method of claim 15, further comprising controlling the power amplifier to output the second power level according to a second digital control signal, and to output a third power level according to a third digital control signal, the third power level less than the second power level.

21. A system comprising:

a baseband processor to control operation of the system;

a transceiver coupled to the baseband processor to receive baseband information and to generate a radio frequency (RF) signal; and

a power amplifier (PA) coupled to the transceiver to receive and amplify the RF signal to a transmit power level under control of the baseband processor, wherein the PA includes at least one gain stage to operate using a first supply voltage to output the RF signal at a first power level and to operate using a second supply voltage to output the RF signal at a second power level, the first supply voltage at a fixed level and the second supply voltage at a variable level less than the fixed level, the first power level greater than the second power level, wherein the baseband processor is to control the PA to output at the first power level according to a digital control signal, wherein the PA is powered by a linear regulator under control of the digital control signal, and control the PA to output at the second power level according to an analog control signal, wherein the PA is powered by a switching regulator at the second power level.

22. The system of claim 21, wherein the baseband processor is to control the PA to output at the second power level according to a second digital control signal, and to output at a third power level according to a third digital control signal, the third power level less than the second power level.

23. The system of claim 21, wherein the PA includes an amplifier to amplify the RF signal, the linear regulator switchably coupled to the amplifier to provide the first supply voltage, and the switching regulator switchably coupled to the amplifier to provide the second supply voltage.