Supports for assaying analytes and methods of making and using thereof

• US 8,168,399 B2
• Filed: 06/09/2011
• Issued: 05/01/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 12/29/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Corning Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Corning Incorporated
• Inventors: Frutos, Anthony G., Henry, David
• Primary Examiner(s): Haq, Shafiqul
• Application Number:
  US13/156,902
• Publication Number:
  US 20110281760A1
• Time in Patent Office: 327 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 435/7.1
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00527 Sheets
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00596 Solid-phase processes
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00605 the compounds being directly bound or immobilised to solid supports
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/0061 The surface being organic
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00612 the surface being inorganic
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00626 Covalent
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/0063 Other, e.g. van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonding
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00637 by coating it with another layer
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00641 the porous medium being continuous, e.g. porous oxide substrates
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00659 Two-dimensional arrays
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/0072 Organic compounds
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00722 Nucleotides
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00725 Peptides
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00731 Saccharides
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00736 Non-biologic macromolecules, e.g. polymeric compounds
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/0074 Biological products
• CPC Class Codes: C08F 210/02 Ethene
• CPC Class Codes: C08F 222/06 Maleic anhydride
• CPC Class Codes: C08F 8/00 Chemical modification by after-treatment graft polymers, block polymers, crosslinking with unsaturated monomers or with polymers C08F251/00 - C08F299/00; of conjugated diene rubbers C08C
• CPC Class Codes: C08F 8/32 by reaction with amines
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/54353 : with ligand attached to the carrier via a chemical coupling agent coatings G01N33/54393
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/143333 : Saccharide [e.g., DNA, etc.]

Abstract

Described herein are supports for assaying an analyte and methods of making and using thereof.

Claims

1. A method for performing an assay of a sample comprising an analyte, the method comprising:

contacting a support with a biomolecule to immobilize the biomolecule on the support, wherein the biomolecule is capable of interacting with the analyte and wherein the support comprises a substrate and a binding polymer directly or indirectly attached to the substrate, wherein the binding polymer comprises a pre-blocked binding polymer the formula (I);

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate comprises a plastic, a polymeric or co-polymeric substance, a ceramic, a glass, a metal, a crystalline material, a noble or semi-noble metal, a metallic or non-metallic oxide, an inorganic oxide, an inorganic nitride, a transition metal, or any combination thereof.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate comprises gold.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate comprises SiO₂ with a layer comprising Ta₂O₅, Nb₂O₅, TiO₂, Al₂O₃, silicon nitride or a mixture thereof, wherein the layer is adjacent to the surface of the SiO₂.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate is a microplate or a slide.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the binding polymer is directly attached to the substrate.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate is amine-modified.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate is modified with an aminosilane or a polymer comprising at least one amino group.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate is modified with polysine, polyethyleneimine, poly(allyl)amine, or silylated polyethyleneimine.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the binding polymer is indirectly attached to the substrate by a tie layer.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the tie layer is covalently attached to the outer surface of the substrate.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein the tie layer is electrostatically attached to the outer surface of the substrate.

13. The method of claim 10, wherein the tie layer is derived from a compound comprising a straight or branched-chain aminosilane, aminoalkoxysilane, aminoalkylsilane, aminoarylsilane, aminoaryloxysilane, or a derivative or salt thereof.

14. The method of claim 10, wherein the tie layer is derived from a compound comprising 3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane, N-(beta-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane, N-(beta-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, N′

-(beta-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyl methoxysilane, or aminopropylsilsesquixoane.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate is modified with an aminothiol.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the aminothiol comprises 11-amino-1-undecanethiol hydrochloride.

17. The method of claim 10, wherein the binding polymer is covalently attached to the tie layer.

18. The method of claim 10, wherein the binding polymer is electrostatically attached to the tie layer.

19. The method of claim 1, wherein the inactive group can be converted to a positively charged group.

20. The method of claim 1, wherein the inactive group can be converted to a negatively charged group.

21. The method of claim 19, wherein the positively charged group comprises an ammonium group.

22. The method of claim 20, wherein the negatively charged group comprises a carboxylate, sulfonate, or phosphonate group.

23. The method of claim 1, wherein the binding polymer comprises a copolymer.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the copolymer is derived from maleic anhydride and a first monomer.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein the first monomer comprises styrene, tetradecene, octadecene, methyl vinyl ether, triethylene glycol methyl vinyl ether, butylvinyl ether, divinylbenzene, ethylene, acrylamide, vinyl pyrolidone, dimethylacrylamide, a polymerizable oligo(ethylene glycol) or oligo(ethylene oxide), propylene, isobutylene, vinyl acetate, methacrylate, acrylate, methacrylamide, or a combination thereof.

26. The method of claim 1, wherein the binding polymer comprises poly(vinyl acetate-maleic anhydride), poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride), poly(isobutylene-alt-maleic anhydride), poly(maleic anhydride-alt-1-octadecene), poly(maleic anhydride-alt-1-tetradecene), poly(maleic anhydride-alt-methyl vinyl ether), poly(triethyleneglycol methylvinyl ether-co-maleic anhydride), or any combination thereof.

27. The method of claim 1, wherein the binding polymer comprises poly(ethylene-alt-maleic anhydride).

28. The method of claim 1, wherein one or more biomolecules are attached to the reactive groups of the binding polymer.

29. The method of claim 28, wherein the biomolecule comprises a natural, synthetic or modified oligonucleotide, a natural or modified nucleotide or nucleoside, a nucleic acid or fragment thereof, a peptide comprising natural or modified amino acid, an antibody, a hapten, a biological ligand, a chelate, an aptamer, a lipid, a saccharide, a small molecule, a lectin, a modified polysaccharide, a synthetic composite macromolecule, a functionalized nanostructure, a synthetic polymer, a fluorophore, a chromophore, or a cell.

30. The method of claim 28, wherein the biomolecule comprises an oligonucleotide.

31. The method of claim 28, wherein the biomolecule comprises DNA or a fragment thereof.

32. The method of claim 28, wherein the biomolecule comprises RNA or a fragment thereof.

33. The method of claim 28, wherein the biomolecule comprises a protein, a peptide, or fragments thereof.

34. The method of claim 28, wherein the biomolecule is covalently attached to the binding polymer.

35. The method of claim 28, wherein the biomolecule is electrostatically attached to the binding polymer.

36. The method of claim 1, wherein a plurality of biomolecules are present on the support and wherein the biomolecules are on discrete and defined locations on the support to produce an array.

37. The method of claim 36, wherein the array comprises at least 96 distinct and defined locations.

38. The method of claim 36, wherein the support comprises at least 384 distinct and defined locations.

39. The method of claim 1, wherein the ratio of reactive groups to inactive groups is from 0.5 to 5.0.

40. The method of claim 1, wherein the ratio of reactive groups to inactive groups is from 0.67 to 3.0.

41. The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate comprises a gold chip, the binding polymer comprises poly(ethylene-alt-maleic anhydride) indirectly attached to the substrate by an aminothiol, and the ratio of reactive groups to ionizable groups in the binding polymer is from 0.67 to 3.0.

42. The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate comprises a glass substrate with a layer comprising Ta₂O₅, Nb₂O₅, TiO₂, Al₂O₃, silicon nitride, SiO2 or a mixture thereof, the binding polymer comprises poly(ethylene-alt-maleic anhydride) indirectly attached to the substrate by a tie layer, wherein the tie layer is derived from aminopropylsilane, and the ratio of reactive groups to ionizable groups in the binding polymer is from 0.67 to 3.0.

43. The method of claim 1, wherein the assay is a high-throughput assay.

44. The method of claim 1, wherein the analyte comprises a drug, an oligonucleotide, a nucleic acid, a protein, a peptide, an antibody, an antigen, a hapten, saccharide, lipid, a small molecule, or a mixture thereof.

45. The method of claim 1, wherein the bound analyte is detected by fluorescence.

46. The method of claim 1, wherein the bound analyte is detected by a refractive index sensor, an acoustic wave sensor, or a mass sensor such as mass spectrometry or a quartz crystal microbalance.