Detection of the angular position of the rotor of a brush motor without using sensors

• US 8,169,178 B2
• Filed: 12/29/2009
• Issued: 05/01/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 12/30/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: STMicroelectronics SRL (STMicroelectronics NV)
• Original Assignee: STMicroelectronics SRL (STMicroelectronics NV)
• Inventors: Letor, Romeo, Giuffré, Francesco
• Primary Examiner(s): Ro, Bentsu
• Assistant Examiner(s): LUO, DAVID S
• Application Number:
  US12/648,790
• Publication Number:
  US 20100171457A1
• Time in Patent Office: 854 Days
• Field of Search: 318/490, 318/603, 318/600, 318/632, 318/652, 318/286
• US Class Current: 318/490
• CPC Class Codes: G01P 3/48 by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage in general G01R23/00
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 7/0094 wherein the position is detected using the ripple of the current caused by the commutator
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 7/28 using semiconductor devices

Abstract

A method of detecting an angular position of a rotor of a motor includes detecting switching ripple peaks and armature current disturbance peaks using a peak detector configured to generate a square wave having edges coinciding with detected peaks. The method further includes filtering the square wave in a time domain by generating an integration ramp, toward a set value, of an estimated ripple frequency for an interval of time based on the estimated ripple frequency. An enablement range is established to reset the integration ramp by setting a threshold below and above the set value and a time window centered on an end time of each period of the estimated ripple frequency. The method further includes resetting the integration ramp, and updating the estimated ripple frequency based upon a period determined by a time of the resetting, if an edge of the square wave is within the time window.

Claims

1. A method of detecting an angular position of a rotor of a motor comprising:

detecting at least one of switching ripple peaks and armature current disturbance peaks using a peak detector configured to generate a square wave having edges coinciding with detected peaks; and

filtering the square wave in a time domain by at least

generating an integration ramp, toward a set value, of an estimated ripple frequency for an interval of time based on the estimated ripple frequency,

establishing an enablement range to reset the integration ramp by setting a threshold below and above the set value and a time window centered on an end time of each period of the estimated ripple frequency,

resetting the integration ramp, and updating the estimated ripple frequency based upon a period determined by a time of the resetting, if an edge of the square wave is within the time window, to thereby validate the edge, and

integrating until the threshold is exceeded, resetting the integration ramp, and reducing the estimated ripple frequency to a period determined by the resetting, if the edge of the square wave is not within the time window.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, at a stop of the motor, an angular position of the rotor between the switching ripple peaks and the armature current disturbance peaks is determined by comparing a final amplitude reached by the integration ramp to an amplitude at the end of the period corresponding to the estimated ripple frequency.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein, at each start-up of the motor, integration is started from a final amplitude reached by the integration ramp.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein integration is continued for detecting an eventual successive edge that is closer, when a first edge falls within a first semi-interval of the time window, to a terminal instant of the period of the estimated ripple frequency than a first validated edge, and resetting the integration ramp and updating the estimated ripple frequency.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the motor is devoid of a position sensor.

7. The method according to claim 5, wherein, at each start-up of the motor, integration is started from a final amplitude reached by the integration ramp.

6. A method of detecting an angular position of a rotor of a motor comprising:

detecting at least one of switching ripple peaks and armature current disturbance peaks using a peak detector configured to generate a square wave having edges coinciding with detected peaks; and

filtering the square wave in a time domain by at least

generating an integration ramp, toward a set value, of an estimated ripple frequency for an interval of time based on the estimated ripple frequency,

establishing an enablement range to reset the integration ramp by setting a threshold below and above the set value and a time window centered on an end time of each period of the estimated ripple frequency,

resetting the integration ramp, and updating the estimated ripple frequency based upon a period determined by a time of the resetting, if an edge of the square wave is within the time window, to thereby validate the edge,

integrating until the threshold is exceeded, resetting the integration ramp, and reducing the estimated ripple frequency to a period determined by the resetting, if the edge of the square wave is not within the time window,

the integration being continued for detecting an eventual successive edge that is closer, when a first edge falls within a first semi-interval of the time window, to a terminal instant of the period of the estimated ripple frequency than a first validated edge, and resetting the integration ramp and updating the estimated ripple frequency,

determining an angular position of the rotor between the switching ripple peaks and the armature current disturbance peaks at a stop of the motor by comparing a final amplitude reached by the integration ramp to an amplitude at the end of the period corresponding to the estimated ripple frequency.

8. A system for controlling a motor based upon an angular position of a rotor of the motor, the system comprising:

a processor configured for detecting at least one of switching ripple peaks and armature current disturbance peaks and generating a square wave having edges coinciding with detected peaks;

the processor also configured for filtering the square wave in a time domain by at least

generating an integration ramp, toward a set value, of an estimated ripple frequency for an interval of time based on the estimated ripple frequency,

establishing an enablement range to reset the integration ramp by setting a threshold below and above the set value and a time window centered on an end time of each period of the estimated ripple frequency,

resetting the integration ramp, and updating the estimated ripple frequency based upon a period determined by a time of the resetting, if an edge of the square wave is within the time window, to thereby validate the edge, and

integrating until the threshold is exceeded, resetting the integration ramp, and reducing the estimated ripple frequency to a period determined by the resetting, if the edge of the square wave is not within the time window.

9. The system according to claim 8 further comprising a sense element crossed by an armature current of the motor.

10. The system according to claim 9 further comprising an amplifier to amplify a current sense signal present across terminal nodes of the sense element.

11. The system according to claim 10 wherein the processor includes a first analog-to-digital (AD) converter to receive the current sense signal;

and wherein the processor detects the switching ripple peaks and the armature current disturbance peaks based upon the current sense signal.

12. The system according to claim 11, further comprising an analog peak detector configured for generating a square wave with edges corresponding to detected armature current disturbance peaks and coupled to the processor.

13. The system according to claim 12, further comprising:

an analog filter configured for separating a switching ripple component from a DC component of the amplified sense signal of the armature current;

an analog amplifier to amplify the switching ripple component;

the processor including a second analog-to-digital (AD) converter configured for converting the amplified switching ripple signal at a first sampling frequency and a third AD converter configured for converting the DC component at a second sampling frequency less than the first sampling frequency.

14. The system according to claim 8, wherein the motor is devoid of a position sensor.

15. A system for controlling a motor based upon an angular position of a rotor of the motor, the motor being devoid of a position sensor, the system comprising:

a sense element crossed by an armature current of the motor;

an amplifier to amplify a current sense signal present across terminal nodes of the sense element; and

a processor including a first analog-to-digital (AD) converter to receive the current sense signal and configured for detecting at least one of switching ripple peaks and armature current disturbance peaks and generating a square wave having edges coinciding with detected peaks based upon the current sense signal;

the processor also configured for filtering the square wave in a time domain by at least

generating an integration ramp, toward a set value, of an estimated ripple frequency for an interval of time based on the estimated ripple frequency,

establishing an enablement range to reset the integration ramp by setting a threshold below and above the set value and a time window centered on an end time of each period of the estimated ripple frequency,

resetting the integration ramp, and updating the estimated ripple frequency based upon a period determined by a time of the resetting, if an edge of the square wave is within the time window, to thereby validate the edge, and

integrating until the threshold is exceeded, resetting the integration ramp, and reducing the estimated ripple frequency to a period determined by the resetting, if the edge of the square wave is not within the time window.

16. The system according to claim 15, further comprising an analog peak detector configured for generating a square wave with edges corresponding to detected armature current disturbance peaks and coupled to the processor.

17. The system according to claim 16, further comprising:

an analog filter configured for separating a switching ripple component from a DC component of the amplified sense signal of the armature current; and

an analog amplifier to amplify the switching ripple component;

the processor including a second analog-to-digital (AD) converter configured for converting the amplified switching ripple signal at a first sampling frequency and a third AD converter configured for converting the DC component at a second sampling frequency less than the first sampling frequency.