Code synchronization circuit, delay time measurement device, control method, control program, and computer-readable storage medium

• US 8,169,948 B2
• Filed: 11/16/2007
• Issued: 05/01/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 11/24/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: SKY Perfect JSAT Corporation (Sky Perfect JSAT Holdings Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Nara Institute of Science and Technology, National University Corporation, SKY Perfect JSAT Corporation (Sky Perfect JSAT Holdings Incorporated)
• Inventors: Hara, Takao, Osato, Mayumi, Ando, Kiyotake
• Primary Examiner(s): LY, ANH VU H
• Application Number:
  US12/514,726
• Publication Number:
  US 20100316038A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,628 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 370/324
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/00 Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/02216 Timing or synchronisation of the receivers
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/7075 with code phase acquisition
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/70752 Partial correlation
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/7087 Carrier synchronisation aspects
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/709 Correlator structure
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2201/70715 with application-specific features
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/18528 Satellite systems for providing two-way communications service to a network of fixed stations, i.e. fixed satellite service or very small aperture terminal [VSAT] system
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/2125 Synchronisation
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 13/102 Combining codes

Abstract

A code synchronization circuit for a delay time measurement device used in a low C/N environment is provided. The code synchronization circuit is capable of high precision timing phase measurement and stable operation against variations in the reception level. For these purposes, the code synchronization circuit includes: a numeric control frequency variable oscillation section (5) for generating a clock signal with a variable frequency; a 2-divider (23) for dividing the clock signal by 2 to generate a component code signal (X); a T/2 delay device (4) for outputting a delayed component code signal (x) lagging in phase behind the component code signal (X) by half a bit; and a second correlator (3B) for outputting a second correlation value indicating similarity between the delayed component code signal (x) and the carrier signal, where the numeric control frequency variable oscillation section (5) controls the frequency of the clock signal according to the second correlation value so that the carrier signal and the clock signal are in sync.

Claims

1. A code synchronization circuit, comprising:

reception means for receiving an external carrier signal;

variable oscillation means for generating a clock signal with a variable frequency for generation of component code signals other than a minimum cycle component code signal having a minimum cycle, all the component code signals, including the minimum cycle component code signal, being used to generate a multi-component code signal and having cycles which, given as integral multiples of one bit length, are relatively prime;

a plurality of component code signal generation means for generating the component code signals other than the minimum cycle component code signal when the clock signal is input;

first correlation value output means for outputting a first correlation value indicating similarity between the carrier signal and each of the component code signals;

code phase control means for controlling, according to the first correlation value, phases of the component code signals, other than the minimum cycle component code signal, which are out of sync with the carrier signal so that each of the component code signals, other than the minimum cycle component code signal, which are out of sync with the carrier signal is in sync with the carrier signal;

code synchronization determining means for deter lining whether each of the component code signals is in sync with the carrier signal based on the first correlation value;

frequency dividing means for dividing the clock signal by 2 to generate the minimum cycle component code signal;

delay means for outputting a delayed minimum cycle component code signal lagging in phase behind the minimum cycle component code signal by half a bit; and

second correlation value output means for outputting a second correlation value indicating similarity between the delayed minimum cycle component code signal and the carrier signal,

wherein

the variable oscillation means controls the frequency of the clock signal according to the second correlation value so that the carrier signal and the clock signal are in sync.

4. The code synchronization circuit as set forth in claim 1, wherein the component code signals other than the minimum cycle component code signal are M sequence code signals.

5. The code synchronization circuit as set forth in claim 1, further comprising multi-component code signal generation means for generating a multi-component code signal W from three component code signals X, Y, and Z having cycles which, given as integral multiples of one bit length, are relatively prime,

wherein:

the component code signal X is the minimum cycle component code signal; and

the multi-component code signal W is generated using computation means for implementing a computation process based on an equation;

Math 2

W=X⊕

(Y·

Z) 

 

(1)

where

⊕

 

 

Math 1

represents an exclusive OR.

6. A delay time measurement device, comprising:

the code synchronization circuit as set forth in claim 1;

multi-component code signal reproduction means for generating a reproduction multi-component code signal which is a multi-component code signal composed of component code signals all of which are determined by the code synchronization determining means in the code synchronization circuit to be in sync with the carrier signal;

transmission multi-component code signal generation means for generating the component code signals to generate a transmission multi-component code signal from the component code signals;

transmission means for transmitting a carrier signal to which the transmission multi-component code signal is added; and

delay time calculation means for calculating, from a phase difference between the reproduction multi-component code signal and the transmission multi-component code signal, a which is a real number parameter with a dimension of time and in a range of 0≦

α

<

1 to calculate a delay time τ

from an equation;

τ

=n·

T+α

 

 

(3)

where τ

is a delay time from when the transmission means transmits the carrier signal to which the transmission multi-component code signal is added to when the reception means receives the carrier signal to which the transmission multi-component code signal is added, T is a real constant common cycle of the multi-component code signal and the transmission multi-component code signal, and n is an integer meeting an inequality;

n·

T≦

τ

(n+1)·

T 

 

(2).

2. A code synchronization circuit, comprising:

reception means for receiving an external carrier signal;

variable oscillation means for generating a clock signal with a variable frequency for generation of component code signals other than a minimum cycle component code signal having a minimum cycle, all the component code signals, including the minimum cycle component code signal, being used to generate a multi-component code signal and having cycles which, given as integral multiples of one bit length, are relatively prime;

a plurality of component code signal generation means for generating the component code signals other than the minimum cycle component code signal when the clock signal is input;

first correlation value output means for outputting a first correlation value indicating similarity between the carrier signal and each of the component code signals;

code phase control means for controlling, according to the first correlation value, phases of the component code signals, other than the minimum cycle component code signal, which are out of sync with the carrier signal so that each of the component code signals, other than the minimum cycle component code signal, which are out of sync with the carrier signal is in sync with the carrier signal;

code synchronization determining means for determining that when the first correlation value exceeds synchronization determining each threshold specified according to a number of component code signals which are in sync with the carrier signal, a number of component code signals are in sync, the latter number corresponding to the former number;

frequency dividing means for dividing the clock signal by 2 to generate the minimum cycle component code signal;

second correlation value output means for outputting a second correlation value indicating similarity between the carrier signal and the minimum cycle component code signal; and

threshold control means for changing the synchronization determining the threshold according to the second correlation value.

3. A code synchronization circuit, comprising:

reception means for receiving an external carrier signal;

variable oscillation means for generating a clock signal with a variable frequency for generation of component code signals other than a minimum cycle component code signal having a minimum cycle, all the component code signals, including the minimum cycle component code signal, being used to generate a multi-component code signal and having cycles which, given as integral multiples of one bit length, are relatively prime;

a plurality of component code signal generation means for generating the component code signals other than the minimum cycle component code signal when the clock signal is input;

first correlation value output means for outputting a first correlation value indicating similarity between the carrier signal and each of the component code signals;

code phase control means for controlling, according to the first correlation value, phases of the component code signals, other than the minimum cycle component code signal, which are out of sync with the carrier signal so that each of the component code signals, other than the minimum cycle component code signal, which are out of sync with the carrier signal is in sync with the carrier signal;

code synchronization determining means for determining that when the first correlation value exceeds synchronization determining each threshold specified according to a number of component code signals which are in sync with the carrier signal, a number of component code signals are in sync, the latter number corresponding to the former number;

frequency dividing means for dividing the clock signal by 2 to generate the minimum cycle component code signal;

second correlation value output means for outputting a second correlation value indicating similarity between the carrier signal and the minimum cycle component code signal; and

level correction means for correcting a level of the first correlation value according to a level of the second correlation value.

7. A method of controlling a code synchronization circuit, comprising the steps of:

(a) receiving an external carrier signal;

(b) generating a clock signal with a variable frequency for generation of component code signals other than a minimum cycle component code signal having a minimum cycle, all the component code signals, including the minimum cycle component code signal, being used to generate a multi-component code signal and having cycles which, given as integral multiples of one bit length, are relatively prime;

(c) generating the component code signals other than the minimum cycle component code signal when the clock signal is input;

(d) outputting a first correlation value indicating similarity between the carrier signal and each of the component code signals;

(e) controlling, according to the first correlation value, phases of the component code signals, other than the minimum cycle component code signal, which are out of sync with the carrier signal so that each of the component code signals, other than the minimum cycle component code signal, which are out of sync with the carrier signal is in sync with the carrier signal;

(f) determining whether each of the component code signals is in sync with the carrier signal based on the first correlation value;

(g) dividing the clock signal by 2 to generate the minimum cycle component code signal;

(h) outputting a delayed minimum cycle component code signal lagging in phase behind the minimum cycle component code signal by half a bit; and

(i) outputting a second correlation value indicating similarity between the delayed minimum cycle component code signal and the carrier signal,

wherein

in step (b), the frequency of the clock signal is controlled according to the second correlation value so that the carrier signal and the clock signal are in sync.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium containing the control executable program for the method of controlling a code synchronization circuit as set forth in claim 7, the program causing a computer to carry out the individual steps in the method of controlling a code synchronization circuit.

11. A delay time measurement method comprising:

the steps (a) through (i) in the method of controlling a code synchronization circuit as set forth in claim 7;

(j) generating a reproduction multi-component code signal which is a multi-component code signal composed of component code signals all of which are determined in the step (f) to be in sync with the carrier signal;

(k) generating the component code signals to generate a transmission multi-component code signal from the component code signals;

(l) transmitting a carrier signal to which the transmission multi-component code signal is added; and

(m) calculating, from a phase difference between the reproduction multi-component code signal and the transmission multi-component code signal, α

which is a real number parameter with a dimension of time and in a range of 0≦

α

<

1 to calculate a delay time τ

from an equation;

τ

=n·

T+α

 

 

(3)

where τ

is a delay time from when the carrier signal to which the transmission multi-component code signal is added is transmitted in the step (1) to when the carrier signal to which the transmission multi-component code signal is added is received in the step (a), T is a real constant common cycle of the multi-component code signal and the transmission multi-component code signal, and n is an integer meeting an inequality;

n·

T≦

τ

<

(n+1)·

T 

 

(2).

12. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium containing the control executable program for the delay time measurement method as set forth in claim 11, the program causing a computer to carry out the individual steps in the delay time measurement method.

8. A method of controlling a code synchronization circuit, comprising the steps of:

(a) receiving an external carrier signal;

(b) generating a clock signal with a variable frequency for generation of component code signals other than a minimum cycle component code signal having a minimum cycle, all the component code signals, including the minimum cycle component code signal, being used to generate a multi-component code signal and having cycles which, given as integral multiples of one bit length, are relatively prime;

(c) generating the component code signals other than the minimum cycle component code signal when the clock signal is input;

(d) outputting a first correlation value indicating similarity between the carrier signal and each of the component code signals;

(e) controlling, according to the first correlation value, phases of the component code signals, other than the minimum cycle component code signal, which are out of sync with the carrier signal so that each of the component code signals, other than the minimum cycle component code signal, which are out of sync with the carrier signal is in sync with the carrier signal;

(f) determining that when the first correlation value exceeds synchronization determining each threshold specified according to a number of component code signals which are in sync with the carrier signal, a number of component code signals are in sync, the latter number corresponding to the former number;

(g) dividing the clock signal by 2 to generate the minimum cycle component code signal;

(h) outputting a second correlation value indicating similarity between the carrier signal and the minimum cycle component code signal; and

(i) changing the synchronization determining the threshold according to the second correlation value.

9. A method of controlling a code synchronization circuit, comprising the steps of:

(a) receiving an external carrier signal;

(b) generating a clock signal with a variable frequency for generation of component code signals other than a minimum cycle component code signal having a minimum cycle, all the component code signals, including the minimum cycle component code signal, being used to generate a multi-component code signal and having cycles which, given as integral multiples of one bit length, are relatively prime;

(c) generating the component code signals other than the minimum cycle component code signal when the clock signal is input;

(d) outputting a first correlation value indicating similarity between the carrier signal and each of the component code signals;

(e) controlling, according to the first correlation value, phases of the component code signals, other than the minimum cycle component code signal, which are out of sync with the carrier signal so that each of the component code signals, other than the minimum cycle component code signal, which are out of sync with the carrier signal is in sync with the carrier signal;

(f) determining that when the first correlation value exceeds synchronization determining each threshold specified according to a number of component code signals which are in sync with the carrier signal, a number of component code signals are in sync, the latter number corresponding to the former number;

(g) dividing the clock signal by 2 to generate the minimum cycle component code signal;

(h) outputting a second correlation value indicating similarity between the carrier signal and the minimum cycle component code signal; and

(i) correcting a level of the first correlation value according to a level of the second correlation value.