Method and apparatus to provide safety checks for neural stimulation

• US 8,170,682 B2
• Filed: 10/29/2007
• Issued: 05/01/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 04/28/2006
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Second Sight Medical Products, Inc. (Vivani Medical, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Second Sight Medical Products, Inc. (Vivani Medical, Inc.)
• Inventors: Greenberg, Robert Jay, McClure, Kelly Hobart, Little, James Singleton, Dai, Rongqing, Roy, Arup, Castro, Richard Agustin, Reinhold, John, Tang, Kea-Tiong, Yadav, Sumit, Zhou, Chunhong, Zhou, Dao Min, Maksy, Pishoy
• Primary Examiner(s): Layno, Carl H
• Assistant Examiner(s): Bays, Pamela M
• Application Number:
  US11/927,391
• Publication Number:
  US 20080177356A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,646 Days
• Field of Search: 607/45, 607/46, 607/118, 607/54, 607/63
• US Class Current: 607/63
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/00 Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor A61N2/00 takes precedence; irradiation apparatus A61N5/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0543 Retinal electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0551 Spinal or peripheral nerve electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/08 Arrangements or circuits for monitoring, protecting, controlling or indicating for external stimulators A61N1/3603; for implantable neurostimulators A61N1/36128; for heart stimulators A61N1/37; for defibrillators A61N1/3925
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3603 Control systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36046 of the eye
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36142 for improving safety
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36185 Selection of the electrode configuration

Abstract

The present application deals generally with the stimulation of neural tissue by electronic means and specifically with controlling the level of electrical stimulation in order to prevent damage to the neural tissue. Methods presented in the disclosure include detecting current leakage via electrode impedance measurement, electrode capacitance measurement, and testing the electrode response to test current pulse. Apparatus presented in the disclosure include circuitry and systems capable of performing the methods disclosed.

Claims

1. An apparatus for controlling the stimulation of neural tissue comprising:

an implantable electronics package;

a neural stimulator within said implantable electronics package;

an electrode array driven by the neural stimulator and suitable to stimulate neural tissue;

an external processor wirelessly communicating with said implantable electronics package;

a current pulse generator within said external processor providing instructions to said implantable electronics package for stimulating neural tissue;

a meter device within said external processor for testing total power dissipation of said neural stimulator during stimulation of tissue; and

a calculating device within said external processor for comparing said total power dissipation to a predetermined maximum power dissipation,

wherein the current pulse generator is configured such that instructions from the current pulse generator to the implantable electronics package for stimulating a particular electrode in the electrode array are based on total power dissipation of the electrode array.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the meter device is an RF power control loop.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the meter device is a thermistor in the neural stimulator.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the meter device comprises a capacitor,

a first stimulation signal to be applied to the capacitor is a function of a second stimulation signal to be applied to the particular electrode in the electrode array, the second stimulation signal to be applied to the particular electrode being based on the instructions from the current pulse generator to the implantable electronics package, and

upon applying the first stimulation signal to the capacitor, the instructions from the current pulse generator are adapted to be adjusted based on charge measured on the capacitor.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the first stimulation signal to be applied to the capacitor is smaller than and proportional to the second stimulation signal to be applied to the particular electrode in the electrode array.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:

a data storage unit for storing electronics measurements taken by the meter device over time for each electrode in the electrode array, wherein the instructions from the current pulse generator for stimulating a particular electrode in the electrode array are based on the electronics measurements for one or more electrodes in electrode array.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the electronics measurements comprise at least one of voltage, current, and capacitance associated with each electrode.

8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein broken electrodes are determined based on the electronics measurements, and wherein broken electrodes are electrodes in the electrode array on which stimulation is not to be applied.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus is suitable for stimulating visual neural tissue, and wherein the electrode array is suitable to stimulate the visual neural tissue.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the current pulse generator is configured such that the instructions from the current pulse generator to the implantable electronics package for stimulating the particular electrode in the electrode array are further based on power dissipation of the particular electrode.