Integrated multi-mode mammography/tomosynthesis X-ray system and method

• US 8,175,219 B2
• Filed: 11/29/2010
• Issued: 05/08/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 11/26/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Hologic Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Hologic Incorporated
• Inventors: Defreitas, Kenneth, Farbizio, Tom, Ren, Baori, Ruth, Chris, Shaw, Ian, Smith, Andrew, Stein, Jay
• Primary Examiner(s): Midkiff, Anastasia
• Application Number:
  US12/954,971
• Publication Number:
  US 20110069809A1
• Time in Patent Office: 526 Days
• Field of Search: 378 4- 27, 378/37, 378/62, 378114-116, 378/189, 378/208, 378/210
• US Class Current: 378/37
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/025 Tomosynthesis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/107 Protection against radiation, e.g. shielding
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/4291 the detector being combined with a grid or grating
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/4417 related to combined acquisition of different diagnostic modalities
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/4452 the source unit and the detector unit being able to move relative to each other
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/482 involving multiple energy imaging
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/502 for diagnosis of breast, i.e. mammography
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/30068 Mammography; Breast

Abstract

A system for multi-mode breast x-ray imaging which comprises a compression arm assembly for compressing and immobilizing a breast for x-ray imaging, an x-ray tube assembly, and an x-ray image receptor is provided. The system is configured for a plurality of imaging protocols and modes.

Claims

1. A breast tomosynthesis system comprising:

an x-ray source and an x-ray imaging receptor having first and second lateral sides;

a receptor housing concealing the receptor, said housing having a generally flat upper surface having lateral sides and configured to support a patient'"'"'s breast between the source and the receptor, with the breast extending away from the patient in a direction generally parallel to said lateral sides of the upper surface of the housing;

said source being supported for rotational movement relative to the upper surface of the receptor housing from a position closer to one of said lateral sides of the upper surface of the receptor housing to a position closer to the other lateral side of the upper surface of the receptor housing; and

said receptor being supported for movement relative to the upper surface of the receptor housing during said rotational movement of the source;

a compression paddle and a biasing mechanism coupled with the compression paddle and configured to cause a front end of the compression paddle to tilt against a bias force relative to the receptor housing as a patient'"'"'s breast is being compressed between the paddle and the upper surface of the receptor housing in first selected imaging modes such that the front end of the paddle is further from the upper surface of the receptor housing than a rear side of the paddle;

wherein said movement of the receptor during the rotational movement of the source comprises moving the receptor about a receptor axis that is intermediate the lateral extent of the receptor and generally parallel to the lateral sides of the receptor to move one of the lateral sides of the receptor toward said upper surface.

4. The breast tomosynthesis system of claim 1 in which the compression paddle is locked against tilting in second selected imaging modes.

5. The tomosynthesis system of claim 1 further comprising:

a normal motion mechanism coupled with the compression paddle and configured to move the compression paddle toward and away from the upper surface of the receptor housing.

6. The tomosynthesis system of claim 5 further comprising:

a motor selectively driving the paddle in a lateral movement thereof.

7. The tomosynthesis system of claim 5 further comprising:

a shifting mechanism causing automatic lateral movement of the compression paddle toward one of the lateral sides of the upper surface of the receptor housing depending on a view to be acquired.

11. The breast tomosynthesis system of claim 1 further comprising:

a needle biopsy stage secured to one of said arms and located between the source and the receptor housing.

12. The breast tomosynthesis system of claim 1 further comprising:

a computerized work station coupled with the source and receptor to command the operation mode thereof and to process image data generated by the receptor.

13. The breast tomosynthesis system of claim 1 in which said receptor housing encloses the front, the sides, the top and the bottom of the x-ray imaging receptor.

2. A breast tomosynthesis system comprising:

an x-ray source and an x-ray imaging receptor having first and second lateral sides;

a receptor housing concealing the receptor, said housing having a generally flat upper surface having lateral sides and configured to support a patient'"'"'s breast between the source and the receptor, with the breast extending away from the patient in a direction generally parallel to said lateral sides of the upper surface of the housing;

said source being supported for rotational movement relative to the upper surface of the receptor housing from a position closer to one of said lateral sides of the upper surface of the receptor housing to a position closer to the other lateral side of the upper surface of the receptor housing; and

said receptor being supported for movement relative to the upper surface of the receptor housing during said rotational movement of the source;

wherein said movement of the receptor during the rotational movement of the source comprises moving the receptor about a receptor axis that is intermediate the lateral extent of the receptor and generally parallel to the lateral sides of the receptor to move one of the lateral sides of the receptor toward said upper surface of the housing while the other lateral side of the receptor is moving away from said upper surface of the housing;

a compression paddle mounted between the source and the upper surface of the receptor housing; and

a lateral motion mechanism coupled with the compression paddle and configured to selectively move the compression paddle toward and into an offset position relative to the lateral sides of the upper surface of the receptor housing.

3. A breast tomosynthesis system comprising:

an x-ray source and an x-ray imaging receptor having first and second lateral sides;

a receptor housing concealing the receptor, said housing having a generally flat upper surface having lateral sides and configured to support a patient'"'"'s breast between the source and the receptor, with the breast extending away from the patient in a direction generally parallel to said lateral sides of the upper surface of the housing;

said source being supported for rotational movement relative to the upper surface of the receptor housing from a position closer to one of said lateral sides of the upper surface of the receptor housing to a position closer to the other lateral side of the upper surface of the receptor housing; and

said receptor being supported for movement relative to the upper surface of the receptor housing during said rotational movement of the source;

wherein said movement of the receptor during the rotational movement of the source comprises moving the receptor about a receptor axis that is intermediate the lateral extent of the receptor and generally parallel to the lateral sides of the receptor to move one of the lateral sides of the receptor toward said upper surface of the housing while the other lateral side of the receptor is moving away from said upper surface of the housing;

a first support arm supporting said x-ray source;

a second support arm supporting said receptor housing and receptor; and

a locking mechanism selectively locking the first and second support arms and the compression paddle for rotation of the source, receptor and receptor housing, and compression paddle as a unit and unlocking the first and second support arms for rotation of at least one relative to the other.

8. A tomosynthesis system comprising:

an x-ray source and an x-ray imaging receptor having first and second lateral sides;

a receptor housing concealing the receptor, said housing having a generally flat upper surface having lateral sides and configured to support a patient'"'"'s breast between the source and the receptor, with the breast extending away from the patient in a direction generally parallel to said lateral sides of the upper surface of the housing;

said source being supported for rotational movement relative to the upper surface of the receptor housing from a position closer to one of said lateral sides of the upper surface of the receptor housing to a position closer to the other lateral side of the upper surface of the receptor housing; and

said receptor being supported for movement relative to the upper surface of the receptor housing during said rotational movement of the source;

wherein said movement of the receptor during the rotational movement of the source comprises moving the receptor about a receptor axis that is intermediate the lateral extent of the receptor and generally parallel to the lateral sides of the receptor to move one of the lateral sides of the receptor toward said upper surface of the housing while the other lateral side of the receptor is moving away from said upper surface of the housing;

a paddle support mounted for movement toward and away from the receptor housing; and

a paddle holding mechanism forming a part of the paddle support and configured to selectively hold and release differently shaped or sized compression paddles for movement therewith toward and away from the receptor housing and for lateral movement relative to the paddle support toward one or the other of the lateral sides of the upper surface of the receptor housing.

9. A breast tomosynthesis system comprising:

an x-ray source and an x-ray imaging receptor having first and second lateral sides;

a receptor housing concealing the receptor, said housing having a generally flat upper surface having lateral sides and configured to support a patient'"'"'s breast between the source and the receptor, with the breast extending away from the patient in a direction generally parallel to said lateral sides of the upper surface of the housing;

said source being supported for rotational movement relative to the upper surface of the receptor housing from a position closer to one of said lateral sides of the upper surface of the receptor housing to a position closer to the other lateral side of the upper surface of the receptor housing; and

said receptor being supported for movement relative to the upper surface of the receptor housing during said rotational movement of the source;

wherein said movement of the receptor during the rotational movement of the source comprises moving the receptor about a receptor axis that is intermediate the lateral extent of the receptor and generally parallel to the lateral sides of the receptor to move one of the lateral sides of the receptor toward said upper surface of the housing while the other lateral side of the receptor is moving away from said upper surface of the housing;

a first support arm supporting the source;

a second support arm supporting a compression paddle and the receptor housing;

said first and second support arms being mounted for selective rotation of at least one relative to the other in one mode of operation of said system and for joint rotation in another mode.

10. The breast tomosynthesis system of claim 9 in which the selective rotation of at least one of the first and second support arms relative to the other is about a common axis.

14. A breast tomosynthesis method comprising:

selectively locking to each other a first support arm supporting a source of an x-ray beam and a second arm supporting an x-ray imaging receptor concealed in a receptor housing that has an upper surface located between the source and the receptor and further has lateral sides, for rotation of the source, receptor and housing as a unit about a source rotation axis, and unlocking the first and second arm from each other for individual rotation of at least one of the arms relative to the other while a patient'"'"'s breast is pressed against and supported by said upper surface of the receptor housing;

selectively moving the imaging receptor about a receptor rotation axis relative to the second support arm and relative to said upper surface of the receptor housing while rotating the first support arm about said source rotation axis;

wherein said receptor rotation axis is intermediate the lateral extent of the receptor and parallel to the lateral sides of the receptor housing, and wherein said moving of the receptor comprises moving one lateral end of the receptor toward the upper surface of the receptor housing while an opposite lateral end of the receptor is moving away from the upper surface of the receptor housing;

acquiring projection x-ray image data from the receptor while rotating the source support arm and moving the image receptor; and

computer-processing the image data into images for display and selectively displaying at least some of the images.

15. The breast tomosynthesis method of claim 14 further comprising synchronizing the rotational movement of the source and said movement of the receptor.

16. The breast tomosynthesis method of claim 14 further comprising compressing the patient'"'"'s breast between a compression paddle and said upper surface of the receptor housing.

17. The breast tomosynthesis method of claim 14 further comprising selectively positioning an anti-scatter grid in a first position between the receptor and the upper surface of a receptor housing and removing the grid from said first position.

18. The breast tomosynthesis method of claim 17 further comprising driving said grid to and out of said first position with a motor.

19. The breast tomosynthesis method of claim 14 further comprising providing a compression paddle mounted between the receptor housing and the source for tilting against a bias relative to the upper surface of the receptor housing in first selected imaging modes.

20. The breast tomosynthesis method of claim 19 further comprising locking the compression paddle against tilting in second selected imaging modes.

21. The tomosynthesis method of claim 14 further comprising mounting a compression paddle for movement toward the receptor to compress a patient'"'"'s breast and for lateral movement relative to the receptor to offset the paddle relative to the lateral sides of the upper surface of the receptor housing.

22. The tomosynthesis method of claim 21 further comprising selectively driving the paddle in said lateral movement thereof with a motor.

23. The tomosynthesis method of claim 21 further comprising providing a shifting mechanism causing automatic lateral movement of the compression paddle depending on a view to be acquired.

24. The tomosynthesis method of claim 14 further comprising providing a paddle support mounted for movement toward and away from the receptor and a compression paddle removably mounted to the paddle support for movement therewith toward and away from the receptor and for lateral movement relative to the paddle support.

25. The breast tomosynthesis method of claim 14 including mounting said first and second arms for rotation relative to the other about a common axis.

26. The breast tomosynthesis method of claim 14 further comprising mounting a needle biopsy stage between the source and the receptor.

27. The breast tomosynthesis method of claim 14 further comprising providing a computerized work station coupled with the source and receptor to command the operation mode thereof and to process image data generated by the receptor.