Heat dissipation for a lead assembly

• US 8,180,462 B2
• Filed: 04/18/2006
• Issued: 05/15/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 04/18/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: LivaNova USA, Inc. (LivaNova Plc)
• Original Assignee: Cyberonics, Inc
• Inventors: Inman, D. Michael, Begnaud, Jason D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Lavert, Nicole F
• Application Number:
  US11/405,939
• Publication Number:
  US 20070244535A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,219 Days
• Field of Search: 607/45, 607116-117
• US Class Current: 607/117
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0551 Spinal or peripheral nerve electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0558 Anchoring or fixation means therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/16 Screening or neutralising undesirable influences from or using, atmospheric or terrestrial radiation or fields using atmospheric electricity or earth currents H05F3/00

Abstract

A method, system, and apparatus are provided for using an electrode for delivering an electrical signal to a first tissue of a patient'"'"'s body. An electrode system comprises a lead and an electrode coupled to the lead. The electrode includes a stimulation portion that couples to the first tissue to deliver an electrical signal to the first tissue. The electrode also includes a dissipation portion that does not interface with the first tissue. The dissipation portion is adapted to dissipate thermal energy from the electrode.

Claims

1. An electrode system for delivering an electrical signal to a first tissue of a patient'"'"'s body, said electrode system comprising:

a lead; and

an electrode coupled to said lead, comprising

a stimulation portion adapted to be coupled to said first tissue and adapted to deliver an electrical signal to said first tissue;

a dissipation portion that is not adapted to interface with said first tissue, wherein said dissipation portion is branching off the lead along a distal branch, wherein said dissipation portion is adapted to interface with a second tissue, said dissipation portion capable of dissipating thermal energy by receiving at least a portion of an induced current on the lead; and

an insulator surrounding at least a portion of said dissipation portion, wherein said insulator is a thermal insulator for at least partially attenuating dissipation of said thermal energy, wherein said insulator further comprises an electrical insulator.

2. The electrode system of claim 1, wherein said stimulation portion comprises an electrode pair comprising a cathode and an anode for selectively receiving a neurostimulation signal applied to said electrode.

3. The electrode system of claim 1, wherein said dissipation portion comprises a conductive disc for distributing said thermal energy.

4. The electrode system of claim 1, wherein the electrode comprises a plurality of dissipation portions, and wherein each said dissipation portion is not adapted to interface with said first tissue.

5. The electrode system of claim 4, wherein said plurality of dissipation portions are disposed in close physical proximity to one another to thereby form a capacitive coupling of the conductors of said dissipation portions, to provide a shunt path for directing thermal energy away from said first tissue.

6. The electrode system of claim 1, wherein said dissipation portion of said electrode comprises a plurality of wires of a predetermined size to direct electrical energy away from said first tissue.

7. The electrode system of claim 6, wherein said plurality of wires are formed into a folded bundle, each of said wires being responsive to a predetermined frequency of a radio frequency (RF) energy.

8. The electrode system of claim 6, wherein said plurality of wires are formed into a spiral bundle, each of said wires being responsive to a predetermined frequency of a radio frequency (RF) energy.

9. The electrode system of claim 1, wherein said dissipation portion comprises at least one collapsible member capable of expanding in response to at least one of a mechanical stimulation, an electrical stimulation, and a thermal stimulation.

10. The electrode system of claim 1, wherein said dissipation portion is capable of dissipating thermal energy resulting from a current induced by at least one of an electrical field, a magnetic field, and an electromagnetic field.

11. The electrode system of claim 1, further comprising a filter unit adapted to substantially attenuate a current induced on the lead by a radio frequency (RF) signal.

12. The electrode system of claim 1, wherein said stimulation portion is not an end portion of said electrode.

13. A neurostimulation lead assembly for providing a neurostimulation signal to a portion of a first tissue of a patient'"'"'s body, comprising:

a lead for conducting a neurostimulation signal; and

an electrode operatively coupled to said lead, said electrode comprising;

an electrical signal delivery portion adapted to be coupled to said first tissue to deliver said neurostimulation signal to said first tissue; and

a heat dissipation portion that is not interfaced with said first tissue, wherein said heat dissipation portion is branching off the lead along a branch, wherein said heat dissipation portion is adapted to interface with a second tissue, said heat dissipation portion capable of dissipating thermal energy by receiving at least a portion of an induced current on the lead, said heat dissipation portion further comprising an insulator surrounding at least a portion of said heat dissipation portion.

14. The neurostimulation lead assembly of claim 13, further comprising a filter unit adapted to substantially attenuate a current induced on the lead by at least one of an electrical field, a magnetic field, and an electromagnetic field.

15. An implantable medical device system to provide an electrical signal to a portion of a patient'"'"'s body to treat a disorder, comprising:

an implantable medical device for generating an electrical signal;

a lead; and

an electrode operatively coupled to said implantable medical device and to said lead for delivering said electrical signal to a first tissue of a patient'"'"'s body, said electrode comprising;

an electrical signal delivery portion adapted to be coupled to said first tissue to deliver said electrical signal to said first tissue; and

a heat dissipation portion that does not interface with said first tissue, wherein said heat dissipation portion is branching off the lead along a branch, wherein said heat dissipation portion is adapted to interface with a second tissue, said heat dissipation portion capable of dissipating thermal energy by receiving at least a portion of an induced current on the lead, said heat dissipation portion further comprising an insulator substantially surrounding at least a portion of said heat dissipation portion.

16. The implantable medical device system of claim 15, wherein said insulator is at least one of a thermal insulator and an electrical insulator for at least one of attenuating dissipation of said thermal energy and insulating the tissue from an effect of said induced current.

17. The implantable medical device system of claim 15, wherein said heat dissipation portion of said electrode comprises a conductive disc for distributing said thermal energy.

18. The implantable medical device system of claim 15, wherein said heat dissipation portion of said electrode comprises a veined structure comprising a plurality of wires, wherein at least one of the length and the shape of each said wire is adapted to reduce induced heating of said first tissue for predetermined frequencies of a radio frequency (RF) signal coupled to said electrode.

19. The implantable medical device system of claim 15, wherein said heat dissipation portion is capable of dissipating thermal energy resulting from a current induced by at least one of an electrical field, a magnetic field, and an electromagnetic field.

20. The implantable medical device system of claim 15, wherein said electrical signal delivery portion comprises a first helical portion to provide a cathode and a second helical portion to provide an anode, and an anchor portion adapted to affix said electrical signal delivery portion to said nerve tissue;

and

said heat dissipation portion comprises at least one heat dissipation element to dissipate said thermal energy from said electrode.

21. An electrode system for delivering an electrical signal to a first tissue of a patient'"'"'s body, comprising:

a lead; and

an electrode coupled to said lead, said electrode comprising

a stimulation portion adapted to be coupled to said first tissue to deliver an electrical signal to said first tissue, said stimulation portion not being an end portion of said electrode; and

a dissipation portion that interfaces with a second tissue, wherein said dissipation portion is branching off the lead along a branch, said dissipation portion capable of dissipating thermal energy by receiving at least a portion of an induced current on the lead, wherein said dissipation portion comprises a conductive disc for distributing said thermal energy, wherein said dissipation portion further comprising an insulator surrounding at least a portion of said dissipation portion.

22. The electrode system of claim 21, wherein said electrode further comprises a sensing portion that couples to said first tissue to sense a physiological indication.