Structural deflection and load measuring device

• US 8,181,532 B2
• Filed: 08/30/2005
• Issued: 05/22/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 08/30/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Safran Landing Systems Canada Incorporated / Safran Systemes D'Atterrissage Canada Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Messier-Dowty Incorporated (Safran SA)
• Inventors: Schmidt, Robert Kyle, El-samid, Nader Abu
• Primary Examiner(s): ALLEN, ANDRE J
• Application Number:
  US11/573,218
• Publication Number:
  US 20110154907A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,457 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 73/800
• CPC Class Codes: B64C 25/00 Alighting gear air-cushion alighting gear B60V3/08
• CPC Class Codes: B64D 2045/008 Devices for detecting or indicating hard landing
• CPC Class Codes: G01B 11/16 for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
• CPC Class Codes: G01B 11/306 for measuring evenness
• CPC Class Codes: G01G 19/07 for weighing aircraft
• CPC Class Codes: G01G 3/125 wherein the weighing element is an optical member
• CPC Class Codes: G01M 11/08 Testing mechanical properties G01M11/005 takes precedence

Abstract

The present invention provides a structural deflection and load measuring device for mounting on an axle. The device includes at least one light beam emitting device connected to the axle and able to emit at least one light beam and at least one light position sensing device connected to the axle. The sensing device is located relative to the light beam emitting device for receiving at least one light beam from the light beam emitting device thereon and is operable to calculate the position of the light beam received on its surface.

Claims

1. A structural deflection and load measuring device for mounting on an axle comprising:

(i) at least one light beam emitting device connected to the axle and operable to emit at least one light beam; and

(ii) at least one light position sensing device connected to the axle and located relative to the light beam emitting device, the at least one light position sensing device comprising at least two independent locations for receiving an incident beam and operable to measure the at least two independent locations; and

(iii) at least one refractive optical device located between the at least one light position sensing device and the at least one light beam emitting device and within the path of the at least one light beam.

2. The structural deflection and load measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the one of the at least two locations is located on a first light position sensing device and the other is located on a second light position sensing device.

3. The structural deflection and load measuring device according to claim 1, comprising a plurality of light position sensing devices wherein the at least two independent locations for receiving an incident beam are located on different light position sensing devices.

4. The structural deflection and load measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the at least one light beam emitting device and the at least one light position sensing device are located proximal to each other and the sensor further comprises a reflective optical device located at a position distal from the at least one light beam emitting device and the at least one light position sensing device and positioned to reflect the beam emitted from the at least one emitting device onto the at least one position sensing device.

5. The structural deflection and load measuring device according to claim 1, further comprising at least one of at least one heating element and at least one cooling element.

6. The structural deflection and load measuring device according to claim 1, further comprising a housing for mounting on the axle, the housing being operable to contain the at least one light beam emitting device and the at least one light position sensing device therein.

7. The structural deflection and load measuring device according to claim 6, wherein the housing is mounted on the axle.

8. The structural deflection and load measuring device according to claim 1, further comprising a second light beam emitting device connected to the axle and operable to emit at least one light beam, a second light position sensing device connected to the axle and located relative to the second light beam emitting device for receiving at least one light beam emitted from the second light beam emitting device thereon, and a refractive optical device located between the second light emitting device and the second light position sensing device.

9. The structural deflection and load measuring device according to claim 1, further comprising transmitting means connected to the at least one light position sensing device for transmitting the calculated position of the light beam.

10. The structural deflection and load measuring device according to claim 9, further comprising a processor connected to the transmitting means and operable to calculate at least one of weight, balance and load of the aircraft using the calculated position of the light beam.

11. A method for measuring axle deflection using an optical axle deflection sensor according to claim 1, the method comprising the steps of:

(i) measuring the position of the light beam from the light beam emitting device on the light position sensing device when no load is applied to the axle;

(ii) applying a load to the axle and re-measuring the position of the light beam on the sensing device;

(iii) comparing the position of the light beam in (i) with (ii) and calculating the light beam deflection; and

(iv) calculating the axle deflection using the light beam deflection calculated in (iii).

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising using the calculated axle deflection of step (iv) to determine at least one of weight, balance and load on the axle.

19. A system for measuring the weight, balance and/or load of an aircraft comprising at least one structural deflection and load measuring device according to claim 1 located on each axle of the aircraft.

20. The system according to claim 19, further comprising additional structural deflection and load measuring devices mounted at predetermined positions on the aircraft landing gear.

13. A structural deflection and load measuring device for mounting on a dual wheel axle comprising:

(i) a housing for mounting on the axle;

(ii) at least one mirror assembly for mounting on the inside of at least one wheel hub cap connected to the wheel axle;

(iii) at least one light beam emitting device contained within the housing and operable to emit at least one light beam towards the mirror assembly;

(iv) at least one light position sensing device contained within the housing and located adjacent the light beam emitting device for receiving the at least one deflected light beam from the mirror assembly thereon and operable to calculate the position of the light beam received thereon; and

(v) at least one refractive optical device located between the at least one light position sensing device and the at least one light beam emitting device and within the path of the at least one light beam.

14. The structural deflection and load measuring device according to claim 13, wherein the mirror assembly comprises a plurality of light absorbing elements thereon.

15. The structural deflection and load measuring device according to claim 14, wherein the plurality of light absorbing elements are radially extending elements.

16. The structural deflection and load measuring device according to claim 14, wherein the mirror assembly comprises at least one mirror and at least one of a reflective lens and a refractive lens.

17. The structural deflection and load measuring device according to claim 13, further comprising transmitting means connected to the at least one light position sensing device for transmitting the calculated position of the light beam.

18. The structural deflection and load measuring device according to claim 17, further comprising a processing connected to the transmitting means and operable to calculate at least one of weight, balance and load of the aircraft using the calculated position of the light beam.

21. A structural deflection and load measuring device for mounting on an axle comprising:

a housing for mounting on the axle;

a first light beam emitting device contained within the housing and operable to emit at least one light beam;

a first light position sensing device contained within the housing and located relative to the light beam emitting device for receiving at least one light beam from the first light beam emitting device thereon and operable to calculate the position of the light beam received thereon;

a second light beam emitting device contained within the housing and located adjacent the first light beam emitting device;

a second light position sensing device contained within the housing and located relating to the second light beam emitting device for receiving the light beam emitted from the second light beam emitting device and operable to calculate the position of the light beam received thereon; and

a refractive optical device located between the second light beam emitting device and the second light position sensing device.

22. The structural deflection and load measuring device according to claim 21, further comprising at least one transmitting device for transmitting the calculated positions of the first and second light beams on respective first and second light beam sensing devices.

23. A structural deflection and load measuring device for mounting on a dual wheel axle comprising:

(i) a housing for mounting on the axle;

(ii) at least one mirror assembly for mounting on the inside of at least one wheel hub cap connected to the wheel axle;

(iii) at least one light beam emitting device contained within the housing and operable to emit at least one light beam towards the mirror assembly;

(iv) at least one light position sensing device contained within the housing and located adjacent the light beam emitting device having at least two independent locations for receiving an incident beam and operable to measure the at least two locations; and

(v) at least one refractive optical device located between the at least one light position sensing device and the at least one light beam emitting device and within the path of the at least one light beam.

24. The structural deflection and load measuring device according to claim 23, wherein the device comprises a plurality of light position sensing devices and the at least two independent locations are located on separate light position sensing devices.

25. The structural deflection and load measuring device according to claim 23, wherein the at least two independent locations are located on the same light position sensing device.

26. The structural deflection and load measuring device according to claim 23, wherein the mirror assembly comprises a plurality of light absorbing elements thereon.

27. The structural deflection and load measuring device according to claim 26, wherein the plurality of light absorbing elements are radially extending elements.

28. The structural deflection and load measuring device according to claim 23, wherein the mirror assembly comprises at least one mirror and at least one of a reflective lens and a refractive lens.

29. The structural deflection and load measuring device according to claim 23, further comprising transmitting means connected to the at least one light position sensing device for transmitting the position of the at least two independent locations.

30. The structural deflection and load measuring device according to claim 29, further comprising a processor connected to the transmitting means and operable to calculate at least one of weight, balance and load of the aircraft using the transmitted position of the at least two independent locations.