Needle-septum interface for a fluidic analyzer

• US 8,182,767 B2
• Filed: 12/27/2005
• Issued: 05/22/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 12/27/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Honeywell International Inc.
• Original Assignee: Honeywell International Inc.
• Inventors: Padmanabhan, Aravind, Rezachek, Tom, Bardell, Ron L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Bullock, In Suk
• Assistant Examiner(s): Kingan, Timothy G
• Application Number:
  US11/306,399
• Publication Number:
  US 20070149863A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,338 Days
• Field of Search: 422/100, 422/68.1, 422/400, 422/504, 422/82.05, 436/180, 435/287.1, 435/288.5, 600/300, 600/309, 250/304, 356/246, 356/335, 356/337, 356/440
• US Class Current: 422/504
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2200/027 for microfluidic devices
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2200/143 Quality control, feedback systems
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0627 Sensor or part of a sensor is integrated
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0672 Integrated piercing tool
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0816 Cards, e.g. flat sample carriers usually with flow in two horizontal directions
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2400/0481 squeezing of channels or chambers
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2400/0487 fluid pressure, pneumatics
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/502715 characterised by interfacing components, e.g. fluidic, electrical, optical or mechanical interfaces
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/502746 characterised by the means for controlling flow resistance, e.g. flow controllers, baffles B01L3/502738 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 9/527 for microfluidic devices, e.g. used for lab-on-a-chip
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2035/00158 Elements containing microarrays, i.e. "biochip"
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 35/1079 with means for piercing stoppers or septums
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 35/1095 for supplying the samples to flow-through analysers for a specific analyser see relevant groups, e.g. under G01N15/00, G01N21/00, G01N27/00, G01N30/00, H01J49/00

Abstract

Instrument-cartridge interfaces for fluidic analyzers that have an instrument and a removable cartridge are disclosed. For example, and in one illustrative embodiment, the instrument may include a needle that is adapted to penetrate a septum on a removable cartridge. In another illustrative embodiment, the instrument may include a plunger that is adapted to deform a deformable membrane on a removable cartridge. In yet another illustrative embodiment, the instrument may include a nozzle that is adapted to mate and seal with a flow channel on a removable cartridge. Techniques for detecting the flow rate in a flow channel on a removable cartridge, as well as the position of fluid in a flow channel of a removable cartridge, are also disclosed.

Claims

1. A fluidic analyzer for supporting a flow cytometry analysis of a sample fluid, comprising:

a cartridge having a first major surface and an opposing second major surface, and a first flow channel defined by flow channel walls, the first flow channel situated between the first and second major surfaces such that fluid in the flow channel flows along a plane that is substantially parallel to planes of the first and second major surfaces, wherein a first opening extends from outside of the cartridge through the first major surface, through a flow channel wall and into the first flow channel, the cartridge including one or more transparent windows aligned with at least part of the first flow channel;

a first septum disposed in or over the first opening and secured to at least a portion of the cartridge with a fluid tight seal;

an instrument for receiving the cartridge, the instrument having one or more light sources and light detectors optically aligned with one or more transparent windows of the cartridge when the cartridge is received by the instrument;

a first needle attached to the instrument, wherein the first needle is sized to fit in the first opening of the first flow channel, wherein as the cartridge is received by the instrument, the first needle moves relative to the cartridge from a first retracted position where the first needle does not pierce through the first septum of the cartridge, to a second extended position where the first needle pierces through the first septum, extends into the first opening of the cartridge, and is in fluid communication with the first flow channel;

a flow sensor in line with the first needle and configured to detect a measure related to a flow rate of fluid passing through the first needle;

the instrument in communication with the flow sensor and configured to induce and control a flow rate of a fluid in the first needle, which in turn, induces and controls a flow rate of fluid in the first flow channel of the cartridge when the first needle is situated in the first opening of the first flow channel and through the first septum in the second extended position, the flow rate of fluid in the first flow channel of the cartridge configured to support the flow cytometry analysis of the sample fluid; and

the instrument structured to perform at least some of the flow cytometry analysis of the sample fluid by optically analyzing a fluid as the fluid flows through the first flow channel adjacent the at least one of the one or more transparent windows of the cartridge.

2. The fluidic analyzer of claim 1 wherein the first needle includes a body and a tip, and also a stopping mechanism that is disposed around at least part of the body of the first needle and extends laterally away from the body of the first needle, the stopping mechanism also being offset from the tip of the first needle.

3. The fluidic analyzer of claim 2 wherein the stopping mechanism is offset back from the tip of the first needle by a distance that allows the tip of the first needle to pierce through the first septum in the second extended position, while preventing the tip of the first needle from engaging a back side of the first flow channel.

4. The fluidic analyzer of claim 1 wherein the first septum includes a resilient and/or flexible material that extends over the first opening and overlaps and is secured to at least part of the first major surface adjacent to the first opening of the cartridge.

5. The fluidic analyzer of claim 1 wherein:

the first needle is configured to pierce the first septum in the second extended position, and provide a fluid to the first flow channel of the cartridge; and

the first septum is configured to provide a relatively fluid tight seal around the first needle when the first needle pierces and extends through the first septum in the second extended position.

6. The fluidic analyzer of claim 1 wherein the first septum is configured to allow the first needle to pierce the first septum in the second extended position, and reseal or substantially reseal the first opening after the first needle is withdrawn from the first septum in the first retracted position.

7. The fluidic analyzer of claim 6 wherein the first septum provides a substantially leak-free seal around the first needle while the first needle pierces and extends through the first septum in the second extended position, and wipes off residual fluid from the first needle as the first needle is withdrawn from the first septum toward the second extended position.

8. The fluidic analyzer of claim 1 wherein a sample fluid is introduced into the cartridge, and the induced flow in the first flow channel induces a flow rate in the sample fluid.

9. The fluidic analyzer of claim 8, wherein the instrument adjusts the induced flow in the first flow channel to produce a desired flow rate in the sample fluid.

10. The fluidic analyzer of claim 1, wherein the flow sensor is in the instrument.

11. The fluidic analyzer of claim 10 wherein the flow rate through the first needle is related to the flow rate through the first flow channel of the cartridge.

12. The fluidic analyzer of claim 1, wherein the instrument includes a sensor to sense one or more characteristics of the fluid and to help identify whether the flow of fluid induced in the first needle is a desired fluid.

13. The fluidic analyzer of claim 1, wherein the cartridge includes a second flow channel, and the instrument includes a second needle that passes fluid between the second flow channel of the cartridge and the instrument.

14. The fluidic analyzer of claim 13, wherein the second needle is in fluid, communication with the first needle via a fluid pathway of the instrument.

15. The fluidic analyzer of claim 14, wherein the instrument includes a flow sensor for sensing the fluid in the fluid pathway between the first and second needles.

16. The fluidic analyzer of claim 1, wherein:

the cartridge has a second flow channel defined by flow channel walls, wherein a second opening extends from outside of the cartridge and into the second flow channel;

a second septum disposed in or over the second opening and secured to at least a portion of the cartridge with a fluid tight seal;

a second needle attached to the instrument, wherein the second needle is sized to fit in the second opening of the second flow channel, wherein as the cartridge is received by the instrument, the second needle moves relative to the cartridge from a first retracted position where the second needle does not pierce through the second septum of the cartridge, to a second extended position where the second needle pierces through the second septum, extends into the second opening of the cartridge, and is in fluid communication with the second flow channel; and

the instrument is configured to induce a flow in the second needle, which in turn, induces a flow in the second flow channel of the cartridge when the second needle is situated in the second opening of the second flow channel and through the second septum in the second extended position.

17. The fluidic analyzer of claim 1, wherein the fluid analyzer includes a hematology analyzer.

18. The fluidic analyzer of claim 1, wherein the fluid analyzer includes a flow cytometer.

19. The fluidic analyzer of claim 1, wherein the fluid analyzer includes a clinical chemistry analyzer.

20. The fluidic analyzer of claim 1, wherein the fluid analyzer includes a urine analyzer.

21. The fluidic analyzer of claim 1, wherein the instrument includes a second needle that passes fluid between the instrument and the flow channel of the cartridge.

22. A fluidic analyzer for supporting a flow cytometry analysis of a sample fluid, comprising:

a cartridge having at least one flow channel defined by flow channel walls, wherein first and second spaced apart openings extend from outside of the cartridge and into one or more of the flow channels, the cartridge including one or more transparent windows aligned with at least part of one or more of the flow channels, the cartridge having a hydrodynamic focusing region;

a first septum disposed in or over the first opening and secured to at least a portion of the cartridge with a fluid tight seal, and a second septum disposed in or over the second opening and secured to at least a portion of the cartridge with a fluid tight seal;

an instrument for receiving the cartridge, the instrument having one or more light sources and light detectors optically aligned with the one or more transparent windows of the cartridge when the cartridge is received by the instrument;

first and second needles attached to the instrument, wherein the first needle is sized to fit in the first opening of the flow channel and pierce through the first septum when the cartridge is received by the instrument, and the second needle is sized to fit in the second opening of the flow channel and pierce through the second septum when the cartridge is received by the instrument;

an instrument flow channel in the instrument fluidly connecting the first and second needles;

a flow sensor configured to detect a measure related to a flow rate of fluid passing through the instrument flow channel;

the instrument coupled to the flow sensor and configured to induce and control a flow rate of a fluid in one or more of the flow channels of the cartridge when the first and second needles are situated in the first and second openings of the flow channel and through the first and second septums, respectively, the flow rate configured to support the flow cytometry analysis of the sample fluid, the instrument structured to extract fluid through the first needle from at least one flow channel in the cartridge, to transport the fluid from the first needle through the instrument flow channel to the second needle, and to return the fluid to at least one flow channel in the cartridge through the second needle; and

the instrument structured to perform at least some of the flow cytometry analysis of the sample fluid by optically analyzing a fluid as the fluid flows through one or more of the flow channels adjacent the one or more transparent windows of the cartridge.

23. A method for supporting a fluid analysis of a sample fluid having cells, the method comprising:

providing a disposable cartridge including one or more transparent windows and at least first and second flow channels, wherein the one or more transparent windows are aligned with an interrogation region that is in fluid communication with the first and second flow channels, wherein a first opening extends from outside of the disposable cartridge through a flow channel wall and into the first flow channel, wherein a second opening extends from outside of the disposable cartridge through a flow channel wall and into the second flow channel, the disposable cartridge having a first septum positioned in or over the first opening, and a second septum positioned in or over the second opening;

providing an instrument including one or more light sources and light detectors optically aligned with the one or more transparent windows, the instrument including first and second needles each for providing a corresponding fluid flow;

inserting the disposable cartridge into the instrument;

the instrument moving the first needle into the first flow channel through the first septum and the first opening, and moving the second needle into the second flow channel through the second septum and the second opening in the cartridge such that the first and second needles are in fluid communication with the corresponding ones of the first and second flow channels of the cartridge;

the instrument providing a relative flow of fluid between the first and second needles into the first and second flow channels of the cartridge to provide a desired flow rate through each of the first and second flow channels to support the fluid analysis of the sample;

the instrument performing at least some of the fluid analysis of the sample fluid by optically analyzing the sample fluid in the interrogation region through the one or more transparent windows of the cartridge; and

the instrument withdrawing the first and second needles from the septa and the cartridge.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein each needle includes a body, a tip, and a stopping mechanism, wherein the stopping mechanism is provided around at least part of the body of the needle and extends laterally outward from the needle, the stopping mechanism being offset back from the tip of the needle, the moving step further comprising:

inserting each needle into the corresponding flow channel of the cartridge through the corresponding septum until the stopping mechanism engages the cartridge.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein each stopping mechanism is offset back from the tip of its needle by a distance that allows the tip of the needle to pierce through the corresponding septum while preventing the tip of the needle from engaging a back flow channel wall of the flow channel when the stopping mechanism engages the cartridge.