Simultaneous global shutter and correlated double sampling read out in multiple photosensor pixels

• US 8,184,190 B2
• Filed: 11/28/2007
• Issued: 05/22/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 11/28/2006
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Gula Consulting Limited Liability Company (Intellectual Ventures LLC)
• Original Assignee: Youliza Gehts BV LLC (Intellectual Ventures LLC)
• Inventors: Dosluoglu, Taner
• Primary Examiner(s): VU, NGOC YEN T
• Application Number:
  US11/998,126
• Publication Number:
  US 20080129834A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,637 Days
• Field of Search: 348/308, 348/310
• US Class Current: 348/310
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 25/53 Control of the integration time
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 25/531 by controlling rolling shutters in CMOS SSIS
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 25/616 involving a correlated sampling function, e.g. correlated double sampling [CDS] or triple sampling

Abstract

An apparatus controls operation of an array of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors to provide a global shuttering for one half of the color multiple sensor pixel image sensors and a rolling shuttering for all color multiple sensor pixel image sensors of the array. The apparatus includes a row control circuit and a column clamp, sample, and hold circuit. The row control circuit generates the necessary reset control signals, transfer gating signals, and row selecting signals for providing the global shuttering and the rolling shuttering color multiple sensor pixel image sensors. The column clamp, sample and hold circuit generates an output signal representative of a number of photons impinging upon each color multiple sensor pixel image sensor of the row of selected color multiple sensor pixel image sensors. The control apparatus further includes an analog to digital converter which converts the read out signal to a digital image signal.

Claims

1. An image sensor fabricated on a surface of a substrate for sensing light impinging upon said image sensor, said image sensor comprising:

an array of a plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors arranged in rows and columns upon said substrate for sensing said light impinging upon said image sensor, each of said multiple photosensor pixel image sensor comprising;

a plurality of photo-sensing devices formed within said surface of said substrate, each photo-sensing device having a structure adjusted to convert photons of said light to photoelectrons representative of a magnitude of a color component of said light for which said structure of said photo-sensing device is adjusted;

at least one storage node formed within said surface of said surface and connected to selectively receive photoelectrons from each of said plurality of photo-sensing devices;

a plurality of transfer gating switches, each transfer gating switch connected between one of said plurality of photo-sensing devices and said storage node to selectively and sequentially transfer said photoelectrons from each of the plurality of photo-sensing devices to said storage node;

at least one reset triggering switch in communication with said storage node and said transfer gating switches connected to said one storage node to place said storage node to a reset voltage level after integration and sensing of said photoelectrons;

a row control circuit in communication with rows of said array of plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors that generate reset control signals, transfer gating signals, and row selecting signals for providing a global shuttering and a rolling shuttering of said array of a plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors; and

a column clamp, sample and hold circuit in communication with each column of the array of the plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors to clamp, sample, and hold said conversion electrical signals from selected rows of the plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors and from said sampled and held conversion electrical signals generating an output signal representative of a number of photons impinging upon each color multiple sensor pixel image sensor of said row of selected color multiple sensor pixel image sensors.

2. The image sensor of claim 1 wherein said row control circuit:

controls resetting, integration of photoelectrons generated from said light impinging upon said array of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors, charge transfer of said photoelectrons by said plurality of transfer gating switches, and selecting of rows of said plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors such that output signals from each of said color multiple sensor pixel image sensors on a selected row are transferred for detection.

3. The image sensor of claim 1 wherein in performing said global shuttering:

during a global reset period, said row control circuit generates said reset control signals to activate said reset triggering switches and transfer gating signals to activate said transfer gating switches for all rows of said array of said plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors to reset said plurality of photo-sensing devices and said storage node;

during a light integration period, each of said color multiple sensor pixel image sensors of all rows of said array of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors are exposed to light impinging upon said array of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors;

during a charge transfer period subsequent to said light integration period, said row control circuit generates said transfer gating signals to activate one of said transfer gating switches for each row of said array of said plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors to transfer photoelectrons from one of said plurality of photo-sensing devices to said storage node;

during a pixel image sensor read out period,

said row control circuit generates a row control signal to select one of said rows of said array of said plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors,

said column clamp, sample and hold circuit clamps a photo-conversion electrical signal representing said photoelectrons on said storage node,

subsequent to said clamping, said row control circuit generates a reset control signal for a selected row to reset said storage node of each color multiple sensor pixel image sensors of said selected row,

said column clamp, sample and hold circuit clamps a photo-conversion electrical signal representing a reset level on said storage node, and

said row control circuit said column clamp, sample and hold circuit repetitively performs procedures a) through d) until all rows are read out.

4. The image sensor of claim 3 further comprising an analog to digital converter which receives a read out signal that is a combination of said conversion electrical signal representing a reset level on said storage node and said conversion electrical signal representing said photoelectrons on said storage node and convert said read out signal to a digital image signal.

5. The image sensor of claim 1 wherein in performing said rolling shuttering:

during a row reset period, said row control circuit generates said reset control signals to activate said reset triggering switches and transfer gating signals to activate said transfer gating switches for a selected row of said array of said plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors to reset said plurality of photo-sensing devices and said storage node of said selected row;

during a light integration period, each of said color multiple sensor pixel image sensors of said selected row of said array of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors are exposed to light impinging upon said array of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors;

during a row read out period, said row control circuit generates one row selecting signal for said selected row,

during a photo-sensing device read out time;

said row control circuit generates a reset control signal to activate all reset triggering switches of said selected row to reset each storage node of said selected row,

subsequent to said resetting each storage node of said selected row, said column clamp, sample and hold circuit clamps a photo-conversion electrical signal representing a reset level on said storage node,

subsequent to said clamping said conversion signal representing said reset level, said row control circuit generates a transfer gating signal to active one transfer gate of each color multiple sensor pixel image sensor of said selected row such that said column clamp, sample and hold circuit samples and holds clamps a photo-conversion electrical signal representing said photoelectrons on said storage node from one photo-sensing device,

said row control circuit and said column clamp, sample and hold circuit perform functions i)-iii) for each one photo-sensing device within each of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors of said selected row; and

said row control circuit and sad column clamp, sample and hold circuit perform function a)-d) until all rows are read out.

6. The image sensor of claim 5 further comprising an analog to digital converter which receives a read out signal that is a combination of said conversion electrical signal representing a reset level on said storage node and said conversion electrical signal representing said photoelectrons on said storage node and convert said read out signal to a digital image signal.

7. The image sensor of claim 1 further comprising a sensor control circuit in communication with said row control circuit and said column clamp, sample and hold circuit for providing command, timing, and control signals for said global shuttering and said rolling shuttering of said array of said plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors.

8. A control apparatus that controls operation of an array of a plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors arranged in rows and columns for sensing said light impinging upon said image sensors, each of said multiple photosensor pixel image sensors comprising a plurality of photo-sensing devices having a structure adjusted to convert photons of said light to photoelectrons representative of a magnitude of a color component of said light for which said structure of said photo-sensing device is adjusted;

at least one storage node connected to selectively receive photoelectrons from each of said plurality of photo-sensing devices;

a plurality of transfer gating switches, each transfer gating switch connected between one of said plurality of photo-sensing devices and said storage node to selectively and sequentially transfer said photoelectrons from each of the plurality of photo-sensing devices to said storage node; and

at least one reset triggering switch in communication with said storage node and said transfer gating switches connected to said one storage node to place said storage node to a reset voltage level after integration and sensing of said photoelectrons, said control apparatus comprising;

a row control circuit in communication with rows of said array of plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors that generate reset control signals, transfer gating signals, and row selecting signals for providing a global shuttering and a rolling shuttering of said array of a plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors; and

a column clamp, sample and hold circuit in communication with each column of the array of the plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors to clamp, sample, and hold said conversion electrical signals from selected rows of the plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors and from said sampled and held conversion electrical signals generating an output signal representative of a number of photons impinging upon each color multiple sensor pixel image sensor of said row of selected color multiple sensor pixel image sensors.

9. The control apparatus of claim 8 wherein said row control circuit:

controls resetting, integration of photoelectrons generated from said light impinging upon said array of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors, charge transfer of said photoelectrons by said plurality of transfer gating switches, and selecting of rows of said plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors such that output signals from each of said color multiple sensor pixel image sensors on a selected row are transferred for detection.

10. The control apparatus of claim 8 wherein in performing said global shuttering:

during a global reset period, said row control circuit generates said reset control signals to activate said reset triggering switches and transfer gating signals to activate said transfer gating switches for all rows of said array of said plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors to reset said plurality of photo-sensing devices and said storage node;

during a light integration period, each of said color multiple sensor pixel image sensors of all rows of said array of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors are exposed to light impinging upon said array of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors;

during a charge transfer period subsequent to said light integration period, said row control circuit generates said transfer gating signals to activate one of said transfer gating switches for each row of said array of said plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors to transfer photoelectrons from one of said plurality of photo-sensing devices to said storage node;

during a pixel image sensor read out period,

said row control circuit generates a row control signal to select one of said rows of said array of said plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors,

said column clamp, sample and hold circuit clamps a photo-conversion electrical signal representing said photoelectrons on said storage node,

subsequent to said clamping, said row control circuit generates a reset control signal for a selected row to reset said storage node of each color multiple sensor pixel image sensors of said selected row,

said column clamp, sample and hold circuit clamps a photo-conversion electrical signal representing a reset level on said storage node, and

said row control circuit said column clamp, sample and hold circuit repetitively performs procedures a) through d) until all rows are read out.

11. The control apparatus of claim 10 further comprising an analog to digital converter which receives a read out signal that is a combination of said conversion electrical signal representing a reset level on said storage node and said conversion electrical signal representing said photoelectrons on said storage node and convert said read out signal to a digital image signal.

12. The control apparatus of claim 8 wherein in performing said rolling shuttering:

during a row reset period, said row control circuit generates said reset control signals to activate said reset triggering switches and transfer gating signals to activate said transfer gating switches for a selected row of said array of said plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors to reset said plurality of photo-sensing devices and said storage node of said selected row;

during a light integration period, each of said color multiple sensor pixel image sensors of said selected row of said array of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors are exposed to light impinging upon said array of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors;

during a row read out period, said row control circuit generates one row selecting signal for said selected row,

during a photo-sensing device read out time;

said row control circuit generates a reset control signal to activate all reset triggering switches of said selected row to reset each storage node of said selected row,

subsequent to said resetting each storage node of said selected row, said column clamp, sample and hold circuit clamps a photo-conversion electrical signal representing a reset level on said storage node,

subsequent to said clamping said conversion signal representing said reset level, said row control circuit generates a transfer gating signal to active one transfer gate of each color multiple sensor pixel image sensor of said selected row such that said column clamp, sample and hold circuit samples and holds clamps a photo-conversion electrical signal representing said photoelectrons on said storage node from one photo-sensing device,

said row control circuit and said column clamp, sample and hold circuit perform functions i)-iii) for each one photo-sensing device within each of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors of said selected row; and

said row control circuit and sad column clamp, sample and hold circuit perform function a)-d) until all rows are read out.

13. The control apparatus of claim 12 further comprising an analog to digital converter which receives a read out signal that is a combination of said conversion electrical signal representing a reset level on said storage node and said conversion electrical signal representing said photoelectrons on said storage node and convert said read out signal to a digital image signal.

14. The control apparatus of claim 8 further comprising a sensor control circuit in communication with said row control circuit and said column clamp, sample and hold circuit for providing command, timing, and control signals for said global shuttering and said rolling shuttering of said array of said plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors.

15. A method for control of operation of an array of a plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors arranged in rows and columns for sensing said light impinging upon said image sensors, each of said multiple photosensor pixel image sensors comprising a plurality of photo-sensing devices having a structure adjusted to convert photons of said light to photoelectrons representative of a magnitude of a color component of said light for which said structure of said photo-sensing device is adjusted;

at least one storage node connected to selectively receive photoelectrons from each of said plurality of photo-sensing devices;

a plurality of transfer gating switches, each transfer gating switch connected between one of said plurality of photo-sensing devices and said storage node to selectively and sequentially transfer said photoelectrons from each of the plurality of photo-sensing devices to said storage node; and

at least one reset triggering switch in communication with said storage node and said transfer gating switches connected to said one storage node to place said storage node to a reset voltage level after integration and sensing of said photoelectrons, said method comprising the steps of;

generating reset control signals, transfer gating signals, and row selecting signals for providing a global shuttering and a rolling shuttering of said array of a plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors; and

clamping, sampling, and holding said conversion electrical signals from selected rows of the plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors during said global shuttering and said rolling shuttering; and

generating from said clamped, sampled, and held conversion electrical signals an output signal representative of a number of photons impinging upon each color multiple sensor pixel image sensor of said row of selected color multiple sensor pixel image sensors.

16. The method of claim 15 wherein generating reset control signals, transfer gating signals, and row selecting signals controls resetting, integration of photoelectrons generated from said light impinging upon said array of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors, charge transfer of said photoelectrons by said plurality of transfer gating switches, and selecting of rows of said plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors such that output signals from each of said color multiple sensor pixel image sensors on a selected row are transferred for detection.

17. The method of claim 15 wherein in performing said global shuttering:

during a global reset period, generating said reset control signals to activate said reset triggering switches;

generating gating signals to activate said transfer gating switches for all rows of said array of said plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors to reset said plurality of photo-sensing devices and said storage node;

during a light integration period, exposing each of said color multiple sensor pixel image sensors of all rows of said array of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors to light impinging upon said array of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors;

during a charge transfer period subsequent to said light integration period, generating said transfer gating signals to activate one of said transfer gating switches for each row of said array of said plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors to transfer photoelectrons from one of said plurality of photo-sensing devices to said storage node;

during a pixel image sensor read out period,

generating a row control signal to select one of said rows of said array of said plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors,

clamping a conversion electrical signal representing said photoelectrons on said storage node,

subsequent to said clamping, generating a reset control signal for a selected row to reset said storage node of each color multiple sensor pixel image sensors of said selected row,

said column clamp, clamping a conversion electrical signal representing a reset level on said storage node, and

said row control circuit said column clamp, sample and hold circuit repetitively performs procedures a) through d) until all rows are read out.

18. The method of claim 17 further comprising the step of converting a read out signal that is a combination of said conversion electrical signal representing a reset level on said storage node and said conversion electrical signal representing said photoelectrons on said storage node and convert said read out signal to a digital image signal.

19. The method of claim 15 wherein in performing said rolling shuttering:

during a row reset period, generating said reset control signals to activate said reset triggering switches and transfer gating signals to activate said transfer gating switches for a selected row of said array of said plurality of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors to reset said plurality of photo-sensing devices and said storage node of said selected row;

during a light integration period, exposing each of said color multiple sensor pixel image sensors of said selected row of said array of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors to light impinging upon said array of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors;

during a row read out period, generating one row selecting signal for said selected row,

during a photo-sensing device read out time;

generating a reset control signal to activate all reset triggering switches of said selected row to reset each storage node of said selected row,

subsequent to said resetting each storage node of said selected row, clamping a conversion electrical signal representing a reset level on said storage node,

subsequent to said clamping said conversion signal representing said reset level, generating a transfer gating signal to active one transfer gate of each color multiple sensor pixel image sensor of said selected row,

sampling and holding a conversion electrical signal representing said photoelectrons on said storage node from one photo-sensing device,

performing steps i)-iii) for each one photo-sensing device within each of color multiple sensor pixel image sensors of said selected row; and

performing steps a)-d) until all rows are read out.

20. The method of claim 19 further comprising the steps of converting a read out signal that is a combination of said conversion electrical signal representing a reset level on said storage node and said conversion electrical signal representing said photoelectrons on said storage node and convert said read out signal to a digital image signal.