Power management systems and methods in a hybrid vehicle
First Claim
Patent Images
1. A hybrid vehicle comprising:
- a drive train;
an electric power source coupled to the drive train and including an electric energy storage device having a state-of-charge;
a non-electric power source coupled to the drive-train; and
a control system for controlling the transfer of power from the electric power source and the non-electric power source to the drive train over a defined trip route, the control system comprising software stored on a computer readable medium for effecting the steps of;
generating a macro-scale state-of-charge profile for the state-of-charge over the defined trip route by;
dividing the trip route into a series of trip segments,dividing each trip segment into a series of sub-segments,identifying as electric-only sub-segments that include an amount of acceleration or deceleration above a first threshold and hybrid sub-segments including sub-segments not identified as electric-only sub-segments,selecting a plurality of potential power split ratios for the hybrid sub-segmentsestimating a change in the state-of-chargefor each said electric-only sub-segment andfor each of the plurality of potential power split ratios for each said hybrid sub-segment, andperforming a dynamic programming optimization to determine a macro-scale estimated change in the state-of-charge for each said hybrid sub-segment; and
controlling a power split ratio between the electric power source and the non-electric power source for the defined trip route based on the macro-scale state-of-charge profile.
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Abstract
A system and method of determining and applying power split ratios to power sources within hybrid vehicles. The power split ratio is determined using a two-scale dynamic programming technique to achieve optimal state of charge depletion over the course of a trip. On the macro-scale level, a global state of charge profile is created for the entire trip. On the micro-scale level, the state of charge profile and accompanying power split ratio is recalculated at the end of each segment as the vehicle proceeds along the trip. Various trip modeling techniques are used to provide constraints for the dynamic programming.
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Citations
25 Claims
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1. A hybrid vehicle comprising:
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a drive train; an electric power source coupled to the drive train and including an electric energy storage device having a state-of-charge; a non-electric power source coupled to the drive-train; and a control system for controlling the transfer of power from the electric power source and the non-electric power source to the drive train over a defined trip route, the control system comprising software stored on a computer readable medium for effecting the steps of; generating a macro-scale state-of-charge profile for the state-of-charge over the defined trip route by; dividing the trip route into a series of trip segments, dividing each trip segment into a series of sub-segments, identifying as electric-only sub-segments that include an amount of acceleration or deceleration above a first threshold and hybrid sub-segments including sub-segments not identified as electric-only sub-segments, selecting a plurality of potential power split ratios for the hybrid sub-segments estimating a change in the state-of-charge for each said electric-only sub-segment and for each of the plurality of potential power split ratios for each said hybrid sub-segment, and performing a dynamic programming optimization to determine a macro-scale estimated change in the state-of-charge for each said hybrid sub-segment; and controlling a power split ratio between the electric power source and the non-electric power source for the defined trip route based on the macro-scale state-of-charge profile. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
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9. A method of controlling a hybrid vehicle that includes a drive train, an electric power source coupled to the drive train, and a non-electric power source coupled to the drive train, the method comprising the steps of:
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retrieving trip data; determining a trip route based on the trip data; dividing, by a controller of the hybrid vehicle, the trip route into (n) segments; modeling, by the controller, each of the (n) segments of the trip route to determine a driving cycle along the trip route for the hybrid vehicle; dividing, by the controller, each of the (n) trip segment into a series of sub-segments; identifying, by the controller, as electric-only sub-segments that include an amount of acceleration or deceleration above a first threshold and hybrid sub-segments including sub-segments not identified as electric-only sub-segments; selecting a plurality of potential power split ratios for the hybrid sub-segments; estimating, by the controller, a change in the state-of-charge for each said electric-only sub-segment and for each of the plurality of potential power split ratios for each said hybrid sub-segment; performing, by the controller, a dynamic programming optimization to determine a macro-scale estimated change in the state-of-charge for each said hybrid sub-segment; generating a macro-scale state-of-charge profile based on the estimated change in the state-of-charge for each said electric-only sub-segment and the macro-scale estimated change in the state-of-charge for each said hybrid sub-segment; and controlling a power split ratio between the electric power source and the non-electric power source of the hybrid vehicle based on the macro-scale state-of-charge profile. - View Dependent Claims (10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. A hybrid vehicle comprising:
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a drive train; an electric power source coupled to the drive train and including an electric energy storage device having a state-of-charge; a non-electric power source coupled to the drive-train; and a control system for controlling the transfer of power from the electric power source and the non-electric power source to the drive train over a defined trip route, the control system operable to; generate a macro-scale state-of-charge profile for the state-of-charge over the defined trip route by; dividing the trip route into a series of trip segments, dividing each trip segment into a series of sub-segments, identifying as electric-only sub-segments that include an amount of acceleration or deceleration above a first threshold and hybrid sub-segments including sub-segments not identified as electric-only sub-segments, estimating a change in the state-of-charge for each said electric-only sub-segment and for each of the plurality of potential power split ratios for each said hybrid sub-segment, and performing an optimization to determine a macro-scale estimated change in the state-of-charge for each said hybrid sub-segment; and control a power split ratio between the electric power source and the non-electric power source over the defined trip route according to the macro-scale state-of-charge profile. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25)
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Specification