Articles having localized molecules disposed thereon and methods of producing same
First Claim
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1. A method of selectively immobilizing an enzyme on a substrate, comprising:
- providing a substrate having a first surface component and a second surface component where the first and second surface component have different surface characteristics, wherein the substrate comprises a layer of the second surface component on a layer of the first surface component, and wherein the substrate comprises a zero mode waveguide disposed through the second surface component layer to the first surface component layer and exposing a portion of the first surface component layer, the portion of the first surface component layer thereby exposed forming a bottom reading surface of the zero mode waveguide;
contacting the substrate with a first composition that selectively associates with the first surface component and coupling the enzyme to the first composition, thereby selectively coupling the enzyme atop the bottom reading surface in the zero mode waveguide; and
contacting the substrate with a second composition that selectively associates with the second surface component, wherein the second composition comprises a compound comprising one or more phosphonic acid groups.
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Abstract
Methods of producing substrates having selected active chemical regions by employing elements of the substrates in assisting the localization of active chemical groups in desired regions of the substrate. The methods may include optical, chemical and/or mechanical processes for the deposition, removal, activation and/or deactivation of chemical groups in selected regions of the substrate to provide selective active regions of the substrate.
102 Citations
18 Claims
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1. A method of selectively immobilizing an enzyme on a substrate, comprising:
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providing a substrate having a first surface component and a second surface component where the first and second surface component have different surface characteristics, wherein the substrate comprises a layer of the second surface component on a layer of the first surface component, and wherein the substrate comprises a zero mode waveguide disposed through the second surface component layer to the first surface component layer and exposing a portion of the first surface component layer, the portion of the first surface component layer thereby exposed forming a bottom reading surface of the zero mode waveguide; contacting the substrate with a first composition that selectively associates with the first surface component and coupling the enzyme to the first composition, thereby selectively coupling the enzyme atop the bottom reading surface in the zero mode waveguide; and contacting the substrate with a second composition that selectively associates with the second surface component, wherein the second composition comprises a compound comprising one or more phosphonic acid groups. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. A method of analyzing an enzyme that is selectively immobilized on a substrate, comprising:
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a) selectively immobilizing the enzyme on the substrate by; providing a substrate having a first surface component and a second surface component where the first and second surface component have different surface characteristics, wherein the substrate comprises a layer of the second surface component on a layer of the first surface component, and wherein the substrate comprises a zero mode waveguide disposed through the second surface component layer to the first surface component layer, contacting the substrate with a first composition that selectively associates with the first surface component and coupling the enzyme to the first composition, thereby selectively coupling the enzyme to the first surface component in the zero mode waveguide, and contacting the substrate with a second composition that selectively associates with the second surface component, wherein the second composition comprises a compound comprising one or more phosphonic acid groups; and b) after selectively immobilizing the enzyme on the substrate, providing illumination to and receiving electromagnetic radiation from an observation volume of the zero mode waveguide through the first surface component layer.
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Specification