Method and system to reduce stray light reflection error in time-of-flight sensor arrays

• US 8,194,233 B2
• Filed: 04/10/2009
• Issued: 06/05/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 04/11/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Corporation
• Inventors: Bamji, Cyrus
• Primary Examiner(s): Tarcza, Thomas
• Assistant Examiner(s): RATCLIFFE, LUKE D
• Application Number:
  US12/384,949
• Publication Number:
  US 20120008128A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,152 Days
• Field of Search: 356/4.01, 356/5.01, 356/5.09, 356/5.1
• US Class Current: 356/5.01
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 17/36 with phase comparison between the received signal and the contemporaneously transmitted signal
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 17/894 3D imaging with simultaneous measurement of time-of-flight at a 2D array of receiver pixels, e.g. time-of-flight cameras or flash lidar
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/497 Means for monitoring or calibrating

Abstract

Haze-type phase shift error due to stray light reflections in a phase-type TOF system is reduced by providing a windowed opaque coating on the sensor array surface, the windows permitting optical energy to reach light sensitive regions of the pixels, and by reducing optical path stray reflection. Further haze-type error reduction is obtained by acquiring values for a plurality (but not necessarily all) of pixel sensors in the TOF system pixel sensor array. Next, a correction term for the value (differential or other) acquired for each pixel in the plurality of pixel sensors is computed and stored. Modeling response may be made dependent upon pixel (row, column) location within the sensor array. During actual TOF system runtime operation, detection data for each pixel, or pixel groups (super pixels) is corrected using the stored data. Good optical system design accounts for correction, enabling a simple correction model.

Claims

1. A method for correcting Z distance measurements due to haze in a time of flight (TOF) phase-shift type ranging system comprising:

outputting detection signals from at least some pixel sensors of an array responsive to detecting reflected optical energy including reflections of optical energy emitted from a source of optical energy of the TOF ranging system;

retrieving haze correction values for at least some pixel sensors of the array from a memory;

correcting phase-shift data based on the detection signals from the at least some pixel sensors of the array with haze correction values for the at least some pixel sensors of the array; and

determining Z distance measurements based on the phase-shift data corrected with the haze correction values.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein each haze correction value is assigned to a respective pixel sensor based on a location of the respective pixel sensor in the array.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein each haze correction value is a constant correction term used for all corrected pixel sensors.

4. The method of claim 1 further comprising generating the haze correction values by

subjecting at least one pixel sensor in the array to an impulse of optical energy;

generating a response value for a plurality of pixel sensors in the array to said impulse;

computing each haze correction value based on the respective response value for each pixel sensor of the plurality; and

storing the haze correction values.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein computing each haze correction value based on the respective response value for each pixel sensor of the plurality further comprises computing each haze correction value based on a sum of response values.

6. The method of claim 4, wherein computing each haze correction value based on the respective response value for each pixel sensor of the plurality further comprises including estimating a differential impact overall phase vector for the array of pixel sensors.

7. The method of claim 1 further comprising generating the haze correction values by

subjecting at least one pixel sensor in the array to an impulse of optical energy;

generating a phase differential value for each pixel sensor in the array to said impulse at each of a zero degree phase difference and a ninety degree phase difference;

computing each haze correction value for each phase differential value on a per-pixel basis; and

storing the haze correction values.