Block-based sparse backup images of file system volumes

• US 8,200,637 B1
• Filed: 09/30/2008
• Issued: 06/12/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 09/30/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Veritas Technologies, LLC (Whitehouse Group Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: Symantec Operating Corporation (NortonLifeLock Inc.)
• Inventors: Stringham, Russell R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Jalil, Neveen Abel
• Assistant Examiner(s): Buckingham, Kellye
• Application Number:
  US12/241,151
• Time in Patent Office: 1,351 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 707/670
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/1451 by selection of backup contents
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/1458 Management of the backup or restore process

Abstract

A system and method for creating a backup image from a volume including a plurality of files are described. Information specifying a subset of the files, but not all of the files, to backup may be received. The volume may include a plurality of blocks, where the plurality of blocks includes a respective set of data blocks for each file of the volume and blocks of file system metadata structures for the volume. The method may comprise identifying a subset of, but not all of, the plurality of blocks to copy into the backup image. The subset of blocks may include each data block for each file of the subset of files, and may also include blocks of one or more file system metadata structures needed for accessing the subset of files. The method may further comprise copying each block of the subset of blocks into the backup image. In some embodiments the subset of blocks may be copied into the backup image without copying data blocks for files not in the specified subset of files.

Claims

1. A non-transitory computer-accessible storage medium storing program instructions executable to:

receive user input selecting a subset of at least two files, but not all files, of a volume to be backed up, wherein the volume includes a plurality of blocks, wherein the plurality of blocks includes a respective set of data blocks for each file of the volume and blocks of file system metadata structures for the volume, wherein the volume includes a first directory, wherein the first directory includes a plurality of files, wherein the plurality of files of the first directory includes a first one or more files included in the selected subset of files and a second one or more files not included in the selected subset of files;

in response to receiving the user input selecting the subset of files, copy a subset of the plurality of blocks of the volume into a backup image, wherein copying the subset of blocks includes copying each data block for each file of the selected subset of files without copying data blocks for files not in the selected subset of files, wherein data blocks for the first one or more files of the first directory are copied into the backup image, wherein data blocks for the second one or more files of the first directory are not copied into the backup image;

wherein said copying the subset of blocks further includes copying blocks of one or more file system metadata structures needed for accessing the selected subset of files, wherein copying the blocks of the one or more file system metadata structures includes copying blocks of a first directory structure corresponding to the first directory, wherein copying the blocks of the first directory structure includes copying blocks representing respective directory entries for each of the plurality of files of the first directory;

wherein the program instructions are further executable to;

after said copying the subset of blocks into the backup image, receive a request directed to the backup image for a list of files in the first directory; and

in response to the request;

determine a list including each file of the plurality of files of the first directory;

for each respective file of the second one or more files whose data blocks were not copied into the backup image, filter the respective file from the list; and

return information indicating the filtered list of files in response to the request.

2. The computer-accessible storage medium of claim 1,

wherein the volume is stored on a disk drive;

wherein each block of the plurality of blocks is stored on a corresponding sector of the disk drive.

3. The computer-accessible storage medium of claim 1,

wherein the subset of blocks are ordered on a storage device;

wherein copying the subset of blocks into the backup image comprises copying the subset of blocks into the backup image according to their order on the storage device.

4. The computer-accessible storage medium of claim 1,

wherein prior to copying the subset of blocks into the backup image, the program instructions are further executable to store respective information for each respective block of the plurality of blocks of the volume, wherein the respective information for each respective block of the volume indicates whether the respective block should be copied into the backup image;

wherein the respective information for each block of the subset of blocks indicates that the block should be copied into the backup image.

5. The computer-accessible storage medium of claim 1,

wherein the one or more file system metadata structures include one or more of:

a master file table;

a file allocation table;

a boot sector.

6. The computer-accessible storage medium of claim 1,

wherein copying the subset of blocks into the backup image backs up the selected subset of files to the backup image, wherein the files of the volume include a first file not in the subset of files;

wherein the program instructions are further executable to;

mount the backup image as a second volume;

intercept a request directed to the second volume, wherein the request comprises a request to access the first file; and

block the request to access the first file.

7. The computer-accessible storage medium of claim 1, wherein the program instructions are further executable to:

receive a request to restore the backup image to a target volume of a computer system; and

block the request in response to determining that the target volume is a system volume.

8. The computer-accessible storage medium of claim 1,

wherein the program instructions are further executable to:

restore the backup image to a target volume of a computer system, wherein restoring the backup image includes copying the first directory structure into the target volume by copying the blocks of the first directory structure from the backup image into the target volume; and

for each respective directory entry corresponding to a respective file of the second one or more files of the first directory whose data blocks were not copied into the backup image, deleting the respective directory entry from the first directory structure in the target volume.

9. The computer-accessible storage medium of claim 1,

wherein the selected subset of files includes a first file;

wherein the backup image is a first backup image;

wherein after copying the subset of blocks into the first backup image, the program instructions are further executable to;

determine that one or more of the data blocks of the first file have changed; and

copy the one or more changed data blocks of the first file into a second backup image.

10. A system comprising:

one or more processors; and

memory storing program instructions, wherein the program instructions are executable by the one or more processors to;

receive user input selecting a subset of at least two files, but not all files, of a volume to be backed up, wherein the volume includes a plurality of blocks, wherein the plurality of blocks includes a respective set of data blocks for each file of the volume and blocks of file system metadata structures for the volume, wherein the volume includes a first directory, wherein the first directory includes a plurality of files, wherein the plurality of files of the first directory includes a first one or more files included in the selected subset of files and a second one or more files not included in the selected subset of files;

in response to receiving the user input selecting the subset of files, copy a subset of the plurality of blocks of the volume into a backup image, wherein copying the subset of blocks includes copying each data block for each file of the selected subset of files without copying data blocks for files not in the selected subset of files, wherein data blocks for the first one or more files of the first directory are copied into the backup image, wherein data blocks for the second one or more files of the first directory are not copied into the backup image;

wherein said copying the subset of blocks further includes copying blocks of one or more file system metadata structures needed for accessing the selected subset of files, wherein copying the blocks of the one or more file system metadata structures includes copying blocks of a first directory structure corresponding to the first directory, wherein copying the blocks of the first directory structure includes copying blocks representing respective directory entries for each of the plurality of files of the first directory;

wherein the program instructions are further executable by the one or more processors to;

after said copying the subset of blocks into the backup image, receive a request directed to the backup image for a list of files in the first directory; and

in response to the request;

determine a list including each file of the plurality of files of the first directory;

for each respective file of the second one or more files whose data blocks were not copied into the backup image, filter the respective file from the list; and

return information indicating the filtered list of files in response to the request.

12. The system of claim 10,

wherein the subset of blocks are ordered on a storage device;

wherein the program instructions are executable by the one or more processors to copy the subset of blocks into the backup image according to their order on the storage device.

13. The system of claim 10,

wherein prior to copying the subset of blocks into the backup image, the program instructions are further executable by the one or more processors to store respective information for each respective block of the plurality of blocks of the volume, wherein the respective information for each respective block of the volume indicates whether the respective block should be copied into the backup image;

wherein the respective information for each block of the subset of blocks indicates that the block should be copied into the backup image.

11. A method comprising:

receiving user input selecting a subset of at least two files, but not all files, of a volume to be backed up, wherein the volume includes a plurality of blocks, wherein the plurality of blocks includes a respective set of data blocks for each file of the volume and blocks of file system metadata structures for the volume, wherein the volume includes a first directory, wherein the first directory includes a plurality of files, wherein the plurality of files of the first directory includes a first one or more files included in the selected subset of files and a second one or more files not included in the selected subset of files;

in response to receiving the user input selecting the subset of files, copying a subset of the plurality of blocks of the volume into a backup image, wherein copying the subset of blocks includes copying each data block for each file of the selected subset of files without copying data blocks for files not in the selected subset of files, wherein data blocks for the first one or more files of the first directory are copied into the backup image, wherein data blocks for the second one or more files of the first directory are not copied into the backup image;

wherein said copying the subset of blocks further includes copying blocks of one or more file system metadata structures needed for accessing the selected subset of files, wherein copying the blocks of the one or more file system metadata structures includes copying blocks of a first directory structure corresponding to the first directory, wherein copying the blocks of the first directory structure includes copying blocks representing respective directory entries for each of the plurality of files of the first directory;

wherein the method further comprises;

after said copying the subset of blocks into the backup image, receiving a request directed to the backup image for a list of files in the first directory; and

in response to the request;

determining a list including each file of the plurality of files of the first directory;

for each respective file of the second one or more files whose data blocks were not copied into the backup image, filtering the respective file from the list; and

returning information indicating the filtered list of files in response to the request.

14. The method of claim 11,

wherein the subset of blocks are ordered on a storage device;

wherein the subset of blocks are copied into the backup image according to their order on the storage device.

15. The method of claim 11, further comprising:

prior to copying the subset of blocks into the backup image, storing respective information for each respective block of the plurality of blocks of the volume, wherein the respective information for each respective block of the volume indicates whether the respective block should be copied into the backup image;

wherein the respective information for each block of the subset of blocks indicates that the block should be copied into the backup image.