Passive microwave fire and intrusion detection system
First Claim
1. A method for detecting a body crossing a boundary, the method using passive reception of electromagnetic radiation, comprising:
- passively receiving a first electromagnetic radiation signal at a first receiver, said first receiver including a first directional antenna at a first location proximate the boundary, a signal value at a first frequency of said first passively received electromagnetic radiation signal being indicative of a temperature of a source of said first passively received electromagnetic radiation signal;
passively receiving a second electromagnetic radiation signal at a second receiver, said second receiver including a second directional antenna at a second location proximate the boundary, the second location being different from the first location, a signal value at a second frequency of said second passively received electromagnetic radiation signal being indicative of a temperature of a source of said second passively received electromagnetic radiation signal, wherein said first frequency of said first passively received electromagnetic radiation signal and said second frequency of said second passively received electromagnetic radiation signal are within and are not outside a range of frequencies protected from active electromagnetic radiation signal transmission in a geographic area encompassing said first and second antenna locations; and
comparing the signal value of said first frequency with the signal value of said second frequency using a signal processor to detect the body crossing the boundary from one of the first passively received electromagnetic radiation signal by the first directional antenna and the second passively received electromagnetic radiation signal by said second directional antenna.
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Abstract
A passive microwave receiver array, operating in the one meter to sub-millimeter wavelengths range and including an internationally protected range of frequencies of varying bandwidth, may be used for fire and intrusion detection. One or more receiver array can be used to provide a plurality of frequency ranges that can be detected. In an interior installation, one or more receiver array can be placed inside a wall. In other embodiments, the receiver and array can be in the form of a hand-held or wearable device. This method and apparatus achieves high performance by exploiting conventional low noise amplification block conversion circuits and provides the detection of thermal signals through clear, smoky, misty, or environmentally untenable conditions as well as the detection of fire and intrusion events through a non-metallic wall.
39 Citations
21 Claims
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1. A method for detecting a body crossing a boundary, the method using passive reception of electromagnetic radiation, comprising:
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passively receiving a first electromagnetic radiation signal at a first receiver, said first receiver including a first directional antenna at a first location proximate the boundary, a signal value at a first frequency of said first passively received electromagnetic radiation signal being indicative of a temperature of a source of said first passively received electromagnetic radiation signal; passively receiving a second electromagnetic radiation signal at a second receiver, said second receiver including a second directional antenna at a second location proximate the boundary, the second location being different from the first location, a signal value at a second frequency of said second passively received electromagnetic radiation signal being indicative of a temperature of a source of said second passively received electromagnetic radiation signal, wherein said first frequency of said first passively received electromagnetic radiation signal and said second frequency of said second passively received electromagnetic radiation signal are within and are not outside a range of frequencies protected from active electromagnetic radiation signal transmission in a geographic area encompassing said first and second antenna locations; and comparing the signal value of said first frequency with the signal value of said second frequency using a signal processor to detect the body crossing the boundary from one of the first passively received electromagnetic radiation signal by the first directional antenna and the second passively received electromagnetic radiation signal by said second directional antenna. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11)
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12. A system for passive electromagnetic radiation signal detection of a body at a boundary, comprising:
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a first receiver configured to passively receive a first electromagnetic radiation signal from a source, a received frequency of said first passively received electromagnetic radiation signal being indicative of a temperature of said source of said first signal, the first receiver having a first directional antenna located proximate the boundary; a second receiver configured to passively receive a second electromagnetic radiation signal from a source, a received frequency of said second electromagnetic radiation signal being indicative of a temperature of said source of said second signal, the second receiver having a second directional antenna proximate the boundary; wherein said received frequency of said first passively received electromagnetic radiation signal and said received frequency of said second passively received electromagnetic radiation signal are within and not outside a range of frequencies protected from active electromagnetic radiation transmission in a geographic area encompassing the locations of said directional antennae; a signal processor for identifying the sources of radiation signals as the body at the boundary by directionally detecting a voltage signal level indicative of the body temperature at the boundary. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15)
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16. A method for detecting a body over a horizon using passive reception of microwave radiation emitted by the over-the-horizon body, comprising:
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passively receiving a microwave radiation signal from the over-the-horizon body at a receiver, said receiver including at least one directional antenna pointed in a direction toward the horizon, a frequency of said passively received microwave radiation signal being indicative of a temperature of the over-the-horizon body, wherein said frequency of said passively received microwave radiation signal is within and not outside a range of frequencies protected from active microwave radiation transmission in a geographic area encompassing a location of said receiver; and directionally detecting the over-the-horizon body by processing the received microwave radiation signal using a signal processor. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18)
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19. An apparatus for passive microwave detection of an over-the-horizon body, comprising:
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a first receiver configured to passively receive a microwave radiation signal from a microwave radiation source, a frequency of said passively received microwave radiation signal being indicative of a temperature of the radiation source, said frequency of said passively received microwave radiation signal being within and not outside a range of frequencies protected from active microwave transmission in a geographic area encompassing a location of said receiver; a directional antenna of the first passive microwave receiver, the directional antenna pointed in a direction toward a horizon, the directional antenna of the first passive microwave receiver configured to passively receive the microwave radiation signal from the radiation source; and a signal processor configured to detect the over-the-horizon body as the radiation source by processing the received microwave radiation signal. - View Dependent Claims (20, 21)
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Specification