Apparatus and method for controlling an accelerator for electric vehicles

• US 8,214,096 B2
• Filed: 12/11/2007
• Issued: 07/03/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 12/11/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: BYD Company Limited
• Original Assignee: BYD Company Limited
• Inventors: Xu, Yingwu, Zhou, Xuguang, Tang, Xiaohua, Gong, Jian, Liu, Nan, Yang, Guangming, Yu, Ming
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen, Cuong H
• Application Number:
  US12/518,731
• Publication Number:
  US 20100082189A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,666 Days
• Field of Search: 701/22, 123/319, 123/347, 123/349, 903/914, 180/65.21, 477/110
• US Class Current: 701/22
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/20 for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/12 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/16 longitudinal
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/423 Torque
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2250/28 Accelerator pedal thresholds
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2270/145 Structure borne vibrations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/914 Actuated, e.g. engaged or disengaged by electrical, hydraulic or mechanical means

Abstract

The present invention provides an apparatus and method for controlling an accelerator for electric vehicles. The method comprises steps of: acquiring an actual accelerator pedal depth value and a current vehicle speed; determining a maximum output torque of motor under the current vehicle speed based on the current vehicle speed; and controlling the output torque of motor in such a way that the growth rate of the output torque higher than that of the actual accelerator pedal depth value at the beginning and then closed to that of the actual accelerator pedal depth value during the actual accelerator pedal depth value growing. The invention makes the output torque grown rapidly within the shallow range of accelerator pedal depth, while makes the output torque grown closed to that of the accelerator pedal depth within the relative deep range of accelerator pedal depth. Thus during the initial stage of acceleration, the vehicle may rapidly output a bigger torque, with an excellent dynamic response, to improve the driving comfort.

Claims

1. A method for controlling an accelerator for an electric vehicle having a motor, an accelerator pedal depth sensor, and a vehicle speed sensor, the method comprising the steps of:

a) determining an actual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain) based on output from the accelerator pedal depth sensor, and determining a current vehicle speed (V) based on output from the vehicle speed sensor;

b) determining a maximum output torque (T_m) of the motor based on a current vehicle speed (V);

c) controlling the output torque (T) of the motor according to a formula T=T_m*ƒ

(Gain);

wherein application of the formula T=T_m*ƒ

(Gain) governs the output torque (T) such that;

during a first period of time, a growth rate of the output torque (T) is greater than a growth rate of the actual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain); and

wherein during a second period of time, a growth rate of the output torque (T) approximates the growth rate of the actual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain).

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein application of the formula T=T_m*ƒ

(Gain) governs the output torque (T) such that during a third period of time, a growth rate of the output torque (T) is lower than a growth rate of the actual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain).

3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein:

the first period of time corresponds to an initial stage of the accelerator pedal travel;

the second period of time corresponds to an intermediate stage of the accelerator pedal travel; and

the third period of time corresponds to an end stage of the accelerator pedal travel.

4. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step of controlling and output torque (T) of the motor according to a formula T=T_m*ƒ

(Gain) further comprises the steps of;

a) calculating a virtual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain′

) according to the formula Gain′

=ƒ

(Gain), wherein application of the formula Gain′

=ƒ

(Gain) governs the output torque (T) such that;

the virtual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain′

) varies from 0 to 100% while the actual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain) varies from 0 to 100%;

the growth rate of the virtual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain′

) is greater than the growth rate of the actual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain) when the actual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain) corresponds to an initial stage of accelerator pedal travel;

the growth rate of the virtual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain′

) approximates the growth rate of the actual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain) when the actual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain) corresponds to a middle stage of accelerator pedal travel; and

the growth rate of the virtual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain′

) is less than the growth rate of the actual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain) when the actual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain) corresponds to an end stage of accelerator pedal travel;

b) calculating the output torque (T) according to the formula T=T_m*Gain′

; and

c) controlling the motor to output the output torque (T).

5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the formula Gain′

=ƒ

(Gain) is one of the following functions;

Gain′

=√

{square root over (Gain)};

Gain′

=1−

(Gain−

1)²; and

Gain′

=√

{square root over (1−

(Gain−

1)²)}.

6. The method as claimed in claim 1, further including the step of:

detecting a current gear position; and

wherein the step of controlling the output torque (T) of the motor according to a formula T=T_m*ƒ

(Gain) is performed only if the detected current gear position indicates a forward gear position.

7. An apparatus for controlling an accelerator for an electric vehicle having a motor, an accelerator pedal, an accelerator pedal depth sensor, and a speed sensor, the apparatus comprising:

a motor controller configured to control the motor;

the speed sensor configured to detect a current vehicle speed of the vehicle and output a vehicle speed signal to the motor controller;

the accelerator pedal depth sensor configured to detect a depth of travel of the accelerator pedal, and output an accelerator pedal depth signal to the motor controller; and

wherein the motor controller is configured to;

receive the vehicle speed signal and the accelerator pedal depth signal;

determine a current vehicle speed (V) based on the vehicle speed signal;

determine an actual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain) based on the accelerator pedal depth signal;

determine a maximum output torque (T_m) of the motor based on the current vehicle speed (V);

calculate an output torque (T) configured to control the motor according to a formula T=T_m*ƒ

(Gain);

output a torque control signal to control the motor corresponding to the calculated output torque (T); and

wherein application of the formula T=T_m*ƒ

(Gain) governs the output torque (T) of the motor such that;

during a first period of time, a growth rate of the output torque (T) is greater than a growth rate of that the actual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain); and

during a second period of time, the growth rate of the output torque (T) approximates the growth rate of the actual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain).

8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein application of the formula T=T_m*ƒ

(Gain) governs the output torque (T) such that during a third period of time, the growth rate of the output torque (T) is less than the growth rate of the actual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain).

9. The apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein:

the first period of time corresponds to an initial stage of the accelerator pedal travel;

the second period of time corresponds to an intermediate stage of the accelerator pedal travel; and

the third period of time corresponds to an end stage of the accelerator pedal travel.

10. The apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein the motor controller comprises:

a virtual accelerator pedal depth computing unit;

the virtual accelerator pedal depth computing unit configured to;

receive the accelerator pedal depth signal;

obtain the actual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain) based on the accelerator pedal depth signal;

calculate a virtual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain′

) according to the formula Gain′

=ƒ

(Gain); and

output the virtual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain′

) to an output torque computing unit;

wherein the virtual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain′

) varies from 0 to 100% while the actual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain) varies from 0 to 100%;

wherein during a first period of time, a growth rate of the virtual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain′

) is greater than a growth rate of the actual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain);

wherein during a second period of time, a growth rate of the virtual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain′

) approximates the growth rate of the actual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain); and

wherein during a third period of time, a growth rate of the virtual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain′

) is less than a growth rate of the actual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain).

11. The apparatus as claimed in claim 10, wherein the output torque computing unit is configured to:

receive the vehicle speed signal and the virtual accelerator pedal depth value (Gain′

);

obtain the current vehicle speed (V) based on the vehicle speed signal;

determine the maximum output torque (T_m) of a motor under the current vehicle speed (V) according to a performance curve of a motor corresponding to the current vehicle speed (V);

calculate the output torque (T) according to the formula T=T_m*Gain′

; and

output the torque control signal corresponding to the output torque (T).

12. The apparatus as claimed in claim 10, wherein the formula Gain′

=ƒ

(Gain) is selected from one of the following functions;

Gain′

=√

{square root over (Gain)};

Gain′

=1−

(Gain−

1)²; and

Gain′

=√

{square root over (1−

(Gain−

1)²)}.

13. The apparatus as claimed in claim 10, further comprising:

a gear-position sensor configured to detect a current gear position and output a gear position signal to the motor controller;

the motor controller further including a gear-position detecting unit configured to receive the gear position signal, determine a current gear position based on the gear position signal, and output the determined current gear position to the output torque computing unit; and

wherein

the output torque computing unit operates only when the received current gear position corresponds to a forward gear position.