Systems for translating sentences between languages using language-independent semantic structures and ratings of syntactic constructions
First Claim
1. A computer system adapted to synthesize a sentence into an output language, the computer system comprising:
- a lexical synthesizer adapted to perform a lexical selection on a language-independent semantic structure of the sentence using semantic descriptions and lexical descriptions of the output language, wherein the lexical synthesizer is adapted to apply semantic structure correction rules to the language-independent semantic structure to overcome asymmetries between the language-independent semantic structure and the syntactic structure of the sentence in the output language, and wherein the semantic descriptions and the lexical descriptions of the output language are combined into lexical-semantic descriptions;
a surface structure builder adapted to build a surface structure of an output sentence in the output language from the language-independent semantic structure using syntactic descriptions and morphological descriptions of the output language, wherein the surface structure of the output sentence is built at least in part based on ratings of syntactic constructions for elements of the source sentence;
a morphological synthesizer adapted to perform a morphological synthesis on the surface structure of the output sentence in the output language using morphological descriptions of the output language and to construct the output sentence in the output language; and
a linear order synthesizer adapted to determine a linear order for and restore movements on the syntactic structure of the output sentence in the output language.
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Abstract
A method and computer system for translating sentences between languages from an intermediate language-independent semantic representation is provided. On the basis of comprehensive understanding about languages and semantics, exhaustive linguistic descriptions are used to analyze sentences, to build syntactic structures and language independent semantic structures and representations, and to synthesize one or more sentences in a natural or artificial language. A computer system is also provided to analyze and synthesize various linguistic structures and to perform translation of a wide spectrum of various sentence types. As result, a generalized data structure, such as a semantic structure, is generated from a sentence of an input language and can be transformed into a natural sentence expressing its meaning correctly in an output language. The method and computer system can be applied to in automated abstracting, machine translation, natural language processing, control systems, Internet information retrieval, etc.
127 Citations
20 Claims
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1. A computer system adapted to synthesize a sentence into an output language, the computer system comprising:
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a lexical synthesizer adapted to perform a lexical selection on a language-independent semantic structure of the sentence using semantic descriptions and lexical descriptions of the output language, wherein the lexical synthesizer is adapted to apply semantic structure correction rules to the language-independent semantic structure to overcome asymmetries between the language-independent semantic structure and the syntactic structure of the sentence in the output language, and wherein the semantic descriptions and the lexical descriptions of the output language are combined into lexical-semantic descriptions; a surface structure builder adapted to build a surface structure of an output sentence in the output language from the language-independent semantic structure using syntactic descriptions and morphological descriptions of the output language, wherein the surface structure of the output sentence is built at least in part based on ratings of syntactic constructions for elements of the source sentence; a morphological synthesizer adapted to perform a morphological synthesis on the surface structure of the output sentence in the output language using morphological descriptions of the output language and to construct the output sentence in the output language; and a linear order synthesizer adapted to determine a linear order for and restore movements on the syntactic structure of the output sentence in the output language. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
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7. A computer system adapted to translate the meanings of a source sentence from an input language into an output language, comprising:
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a source sentence analyzer adapted to analyze meanings of the source sentence using linguistic descriptions of the source language and to construct a language-independent semantic structure to represent the meanings of the source sentence; and an output sentence synthesizer adapted to synthesize an output sentence to represent the meanings of the source sentence in an output language from the language-independent semantic structure using information from linguistic descriptions of the output language, wherein the output sentence synthesizer comprises a linear order synthesizer adapted to determine a linear order for and restore movements on the syntactic structure of the output sentence in the output language, wherein the output sentence analyzer is adapted to apply semantic structure correction rules to the language-independent semantic structure to overcome asymmetries between the language-independent semantic structure and the syntactic structure of the output sentence in the output language, wherein a surface structure of the output sentence is built at least in part based on ratings of syntactic constructions for elements of the source sentence, and wherein applying semantic structure correction rules to the language-independent semantic structure to overcome asymmetries includes the use of semanteme calculating rules and semanteme normalization rules to remove asymmetries. - View Dependent Claims (8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. A computer system adapted to represent a source sentence from a source language into an output sentence in an output language, the computer system comprising:
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a lexical-morphological analyzer adapted to perform a lexical analysis and a lexical-morphological analysis on each element of the source sentence to generate a lexical-morphological structure of the source sentence; a syntactic analyzer adapted to perform a syntactic analysis on the lexical-morphological structure of the source sentence; a semantic analyzer adapted to perform a semantic analysis on the source sentence and generate a language-independent semantic structure for the source sentence; a lexical synthesizer adapted to perform a lexical selection on the language-independent semantic structure of the source sentence using lexical descriptions of the output language and semantic descriptions, wherein the lexical synthesizer is adapted to combined the semantic descriptions and the lexical descriptions of the output language into lexical-semantic descriptions; a surface structure builder adapted to build a surface structure of the output sentence in the output language from the language-independent semantic structure using syntactic descriptions and the lexical descriptions of the output language and construct the output sentence in the output language, wherein the surface structure of the output sentence in the output language is built at least in part based on ratings of syntactic constructions for elements of the source sentence; and a linear order synthesizer adapted to determine a linear order for and restore movements on the syntactic structure of the output sentence in the output language. - View Dependent Claims (19)
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20. A computer system adapted to synthesize a sentence into an output sentence in an output language, the computer system comprising:
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a lexical synthesizer adapted to perform a lexical selection on a language-independent semantic structure of the sentence using lexical descriptions of the output language and semantic descriptions, wherein the lexical synthesizer is adapted to apply semantic structure correction rules to the language-independent semantic structure to overcome asymmetries between the language-independent semantic structure and a syntactic structure of the output sentence in the output language, wherein the lexical synthesizer combines the semantic descriptions and the lexical descriptions of the output language into lexical-semantic descriptions; a surface structure builder adapted to build a surface structure of the output sentence in the output language from the language-independent semantic structure using syntactic descriptions and lexical descriptions of the output language, the syntactic descriptions and the lexical descriptions being taken from the combined lexical-semantic descriptions, wherein the surface structure of the output sentence in the output language is built at least in part based on ratings of syntactic constructions for elements of the source sentence; a linear order synthesizer adapted to determine a linear order for and restore movements on the syntactic structure; and a morphological synthesizer adapted to perform a morphological synthesis on the surface structure of the output sentence in the output language using morphological descriptions of the output language and construct the sentence in the output language.
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Specification