Methods of processing a wireless communication signal, wireless communication synchronization methods, and a radio frequency identification device communication method

• US 8,218,703 B2
• Filed: 12/03/2009
• Issued: 07/10/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 10/02/2002
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Battelle Memorial Institute
• Original Assignee: Battelle Memorial Institute
• Inventors: Pratt, Richard M., Thompson, Steven B.
• Primary Examiner(s): DEPPE, BETSY LEE
• Application Number:
  US12/630,764
• Publication Number:
  US 20100142665A1
• Time in Patent Office: 950 Days
• Field of Search: 375/282, 375/333, 375/340, 375/354, 375/355, 375/360, 375/361, 341/70, 341/71, 329/315, 329/341, 329/343
• US Class Current: 375/360
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0723 the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/07758 arrangements for adhering the record carrier to further objects or living beings, functioning as an identification tag
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/0008 General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 5/135 by the use of time reference signals, e.g. clock signals
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 5/1565 the output pulses having a constant duty cycle
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 7/0066 detection of error based on transmission code rule
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 7/027 extracting the synchronising or clock signal from the received signal spectrum, e.g. by using a resonant or bandpass circuit

Abstract

In one aspect, a wireless communication device includes an antenna configured to receive electromagnetic energy corresponding to a wireless communication signal outputted using an interrogator and to output electrical energy corresponding to the received electromagnetic energy, communication circuitry coupled with the antenna and configured to sample the electrical energy to process the wireless communication signal, synchronization circuitry coupled with the antenna and the communication circuitry and configured to generate a clock signal to control sampling of the electrical energy using the communication circuitry, wherein the synchronization circuitry is configured to generate a plurality of transitions within the clock signal responsive to a plurality of transitions of the electrical energy during a first data period and wherein the synchronization circuitry is configured to generate a plurality of transitions within the clock signal during a second data period including generating at least one of the transitions independent of transitions of the electrical energy.

Claims

1. A method of processing a wireless communication signal comprising:

providing a radio frequency identification device;

receiving a data signal including a plurality of digital values within the radio frequency identification device;

using the radio frequency identification device, sampling the data signal at a plurality of moments in time during each of the digital values; and

wherein the sampling at one moment in time comprises sampling as a result of a transition in the data signal and the sampling at another moment in time comprises sampling after the elapse of a predetermined period of time without a transition in the data signal.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the received data signal comprises digital data encoded according to one of a biphase mark format and a biphase space format.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the sampling at the one moment in time includes sampling as a result of the transition in the data signal occurring prior to the elapse of the period of time dictated by a time constant.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the sampling at the another moment in time comprises sampling after the elapse of the period of time corresponding to a time constant.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein the sampling the data signal at the moments in time comprises sampling as a result of a clock signal, and wherein the clock signal has a predefined digital value in the absence of encoded data within the data signal.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein the sampling the data signal at the moments in time comprises sampling one of the digital values of the data signal during plural different states of the data signal and sampling another of the digital values of the data signal during a same state of the data signal at plural ones of the moments in time.

7. The method of claim 1 further comprising, using the radio frequency identification device, outputting an identification signal which identifies the radio frequency identification device to implement radio frequency identification device communications.

8. The method of claim 1 wherein the data signal comprises an identifier of the radio frequency identification device, and further comprising:

processing the identifier; and

using the radio frequency identification device, implementing an operation as a result of the processing indicating that the identifier identifies the radio frequency identification device.

9. A wireless communication synchronization method comprising:

receiving a data signal;

first generating a plurality of edge pulses corresponding to the data signal;

second generating a plurality of transitions within a clock signal as a result of a plurality of edge pulses during a first digital value of the data signal;

third generating a plurality of transitions within the clock signal during a second digital value of the data signal including generating at least one of the transitions independent of the edge pulses during the second digital value of the data signal; and

sampling the data signal using the clock signal.

10. The method of claim 9 wherein the received data signal is encoded with digital data according to one of a biphase mark and a biphase space format.

11. The method of claim 9 further comprising generating the clock signal having a frequency greater than a data rate of the data signal.

12. The method of claim 9 further comprising generating the clock signal having a frequency at least twice a data rate of the data signal.

13. The method of claim 9 further comprising generating the clock signal having a frequency which is an integer multiple of a data rate of the data signal.

14. The method of claim 9 further comprising outputting the clock signal to communication circuitry using a flip-flop.

15. The method of claim 14 wherein the third generating transitions during the second digital value comprises selectively clearing the flip-flop using an oscillator having an oscillation frequency substantially equal to a data rate of the data signal.

16. The method of claim 15 wherein the second generating transitions during the first digital value comprises toggling the flip-flop at an increased frequency compared with toggling the flip-flop according to the oscillation frequency.

17. The method of claim 9 further comprising outputting the clock signal having a predefined digital value during an absence of digital data within the data signal.

18. The method of claim 9 wherein the sampling comprises sampling the data signal a plurality of times during a data period of the data signal.

19. The method of claim 9 wherein the receiving the data signal comprises receiving the data signal within a radio frequency identification device.

20. The method of claim 9 further comprising, using the clock signal, controlling the sampling during a plurality of different states of the data signal during one digital value and a plurality of times during a same state of the data signal during another digital value.

21. The method of claim 9 wherein the first generating the plurality of edge pulses comprises generating using an edge generator as a result of transitions in the data signal, and the second and third generatings of the transitions in the clock signal each comprise generating using an oscillator, and further comprising electrically isolating the edge generator and the oscillator during an absence of the transitions in the data signal.

22. The method of claim 9 further comprising outputting the clock signal having a predefined value during an absence of encoded data in the data signal.

23. The method of claim 9 wherein the second generating the transitions within the clock signal as a result of the edge pulses comprises generating the transitions corresponding to the pulses.

24. The method of claim 9 wherein the second generating the transitions within the clock signal as a result of the edge pulses comprises generating the transitions at substantially the same moments in time as the pulses.

25. The method of claim 9 wherein the first generating the edge pulses comprises generating the edge pulses as a result of transitions in the data signal, and the sampling comprises sampling the data signal comprising the transitions which directly correspond to encoded data of the data signal.

26. A radio frequency identification device communication method comprising:

receiving a data signal within a radio frequency identification device, and wherein the data signal includes a plurality of transitions corresponding to digital data encoded according to a data encoding format including one of a biphase mark format and a biphase space format;

generating a plurality of edge pulses corresponding to the transitions of the data signal;

generating a clock signal having a plurality of transitions using an oscillator of the radio frequency identification device;

generating the transitions of the clock signal using the edge pulses during a first digital value of the data signal;

generating at least one of the transitions of the clock signal using a time constant of the oscillator and independent of the edge pulses during a second digital value of the data signal;

sampling the data signal using the clock signal; and

backscatter modulating a continuous wave signal after the sampling to formulate a reply communication to the received data signal.