Lead acid battery with titanium core grids and carbon based grids

• US 8,232,005 B2
• Filed: 09/10/2011
• Issued: 07/31/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 11/17/2008
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Eliot Gerber
• Original Assignee: Eliot Gerber
• Inventors: Gerber, Eliot
• Primary Examiner(s): Kalafut, Stephen J.
• Application Number:
  US13/199,806
• Publication Number:
  US 20120003509A1
• Time in Patent Office: 325 Days
• Field of Search: 429/225, 429/231.8, 429/232, 429/245, 361/502, 361/506
• US Class Current: 429/225
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/04 Hybrid capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/30 characterised by their material
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/32 Carbon-based
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/38 Carbon pastes or blends; Binders or additives therein
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/58 Liquid electrolytes
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/80 Gaskets; Sealings
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/06 Lead-acid accumulators semi-lead accumulators H01M10/20
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2220/20 Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/38 of elements or alloys
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/583 Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/623 fluorinated polymers
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/661 Metal or alloys, e.g. alloy coatings H01M4/669 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/73 for lead-acid accumulators, e.g. frame plates
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/13 Energy storage using capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

A hybrid lead acid electric storage battery uses conventional lead-acid secondary battery chemistry. The battery is a sealed battery or an unsealed battery. The battery has a set of positive battery grids (plates) having cores of thin titanium expanded metal with a thickness, if flattened, preferably in the range 0.2 mm to 0.7 mm and most preferably 0.3 mm to 0.4 mm. The grid cores are of a titanium alloy containing a platinum group metal. The cores are coated with hot dip lead and are not lead electroplated.

The negative plates are carbon based assemblies. Each such assembly has a metal core, preferably a sheet of expanded copper, a corrosion shield sealing the metal core, and an outer layer primarily of activated carbon covering the shield.

Claims

1. A hybrid lead acid supercapacitor battery energy storage device comprising:

a plurality of titanium core positive electrodes, a plurality of negative carbon electrode assemblies, a plurality of separators, a casing, and an acid electrolyte comprising an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid;

wherein;

(a) each of the titanium cores has an expanded metal body portion;

(b) each of the titanium cores is a titanium alloy containing from 0.01 to 0.9% of a platinum group metal;

(c) said titanium cores each having a hot dip coating selected from the groups of lead and lead alloy;

(d) said each carbon electrode assembly comprises a negative current collector comprising a sheet of metal;

(e) two sheets of electronically conductive corrosion resistive shield material sealing said sheet of metal between them; and

(g) a sheet of activated carbon and a binder adhered to and in electrical contact with a surface of said shield material.

2. A hybrid lead acid supercapacitor battery energy storage device as in claim 1 wherein the titanium cores are of a titanium alloy containing 0.2% to 0.02% selected from the group of palladium, ruthenium and palladium combined with ruthenium.

3. A hybrid lead acid supercapacitor battery energy storage device as in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the titanium core, without a lead coating, is less than 0.4 mm and more than 0.2 mm.

4. A hybrid lead acid supercapacitor battery energy storage device of claim 1, wherein (d) the metal sheet is copper and said two sheets of electronically conductive shield material are sealed around the periphery of said sheet of copper, thereby encapsulating the sheet of copper.

5. A hybrid acid supercapacitor battery energy storage device of claim 1, wherein the at least one carbon electrode assembly comprises two electrodes of activated carbon and polytetrafluoroethylene, each electrode adhered to an opposing side of said shield material.

6. A hybrid lead acid supercapacitor battery energy storage device as in claim 1, wherein the shield material is graphite foil impregnated with paraffin drawn into the interior of the graphite foil.

7. A hybrid lead acid supercapacitor battery energy storage as in claim 1, wherein at least one carbon electrode assembly comprises carbon black.

8. A hybrid lead acid supercapacitor battery energy battery storage device as in claim 1;

wherein the battery packs at least 144 grids in a distance shorter than 200 mm in length.

9. A hybrid lead acid supercapacitor battery energy storage device comprising:

a plurality of titanium core positive electrodes, a plurality of negative carbon electrode assemblies, a plurality separators, a casing, and an acid electrolyte comprising an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid;

wherein;

(a) each of the titanium cores has an expanded metal body portion;

(b) each of the titanium cores is a titanium alloy containing from 0.01 to 0.9% of a platinum group metal;

(c) said titanium cores each having a lead coating which is a hot melt coating and not an electroplated coating; and

wherein (d) said each carbon electrode assembly comprises a negative current collector comprising a sheet of metal;

(e) two sheets of electronically conductive corrosion resistant shield material comprising graphite sealing said sheet of metal between them and having an outer surface; and

(f) a sheet of activated carbon and a binder adhered to and in electrical contact with the outer surface of the shield material.

10. A hybrid lead acid supercapacitor battery energy storage device as in claim 9 wherein the two sheets of electronically conductive shield material comprise graphite.

11. A hybrid lead acid supercapacitor battery energy storage device as in claim 9 wherein the titanium cores are of a titanium alloy containing 0.2% to 0.02% selected from the group of palladium, ruthenium and palladium combined with ruthenium.

12. A hybrid lead acid supercapacitor battery energy storage device as in claim 9 wherein the thickness of the titanium core, without a lead coating, is less than 0.4 mm and more than 0.2 mm.

13. A hybrid lead acid supercapacitor battery energy storage device of claim 9, wherein in (d) the metal sheet is copper and said two sheets of electronically conductive shield material are sealed around the periphery of said sheet of copper, thereby encapsulating the sheet of copper.

14. A hybrid acid supercapacitor battery energy storage device of claim 9, wherein the at least one carbon electrode assembly comprises two electrodes of activated carbon and polytetrafluoroethylene, each electrode adhered to an opposing side of said shield material.

15. A hybrid lead acid supercapacitor battery energy storage device as in claim 9, wherein the shield material is graphite foil impregnated with paraffin drawn into the interior of the graphite foil.

16. A hybrid lead acid supercapacitor battery energy storage as in claim 9, wherein at least one carbon electrode assembly comprises carbon black.