High performance energy storage devices
First Claim
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1. A hybrid battery-capacitor comprising:
- at least one battery-type positive electrode,at least one battery-type negative electrode,at least one capacitor-type electrode selected from a capacitor negative electrode and a capacitor positive electrode, wherein the capacitor negative electrode comprises a high surface area capacitor material and one or more additives selected from oxides, hydroxides or sulfates of lead, zinc, cadmium, silver and bismuth, and wherein the capacitor positive electrode comprises;
a high surface area capacitor material,Pb2O3,an oxide, hydroxide or sulfate of antimony, andoptionally one or more additives selected from oxides, hydroxides and sulfates of iron and lead, andsulphuric acid electrolyte solution in contact with the electrodes,wherein a battery part is formed between the battery-type positive electrode and the battery-type negative electrode, and an asymmetric capacitor part is formed between the capacitor electrode and one of the battery-type electrodes,wherein one of the battery-type electrodes is shared by the battery part and the asymmetric capacitor part, andwherein the negative electrodes are in direct electrical connection to a first conductor, and the positive electrodes are in direct electrical connection to a second conductor.
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Abstract
A lead-acid battery comprising:
- at least one lead-based negative electrode;
- at least one lead dioxide-based positive electrode;
- at least one capacitor electrode; and
- electrolyte in contact with the electrodes;
wherein a battery part is formed by the lead based negative electrode and the lead dioxide-based positive electrode; and an asymmetric capacitor part is formed by the capacitor electrode and one electrode selected from the lead based negative electrode and the lead-dioxide based positive electrode; and wherein all negative electrodes are connected to a negative busbar, and all positive electrodes are connected to a positive busbar.
The capacitor electrode may be a capacitor negative electrode comprising carbon and an additive mixture selected from oxides, hydroxides or sulfates of lead, zinc, cadmium, silver and bismuth, or a capacitor negative electrode comprising carbon, red lead, antimony in oxide, hydroxide or sulfate form, and optionally other additives. The capacitor electrode may be used in asymmetric capacitors and batteries of other types.
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Citations
14 Claims
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1. A hybrid battery-capacitor comprising:
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at least one battery-type positive electrode, at least one battery-type negative electrode, at least one capacitor-type electrode selected from a capacitor negative electrode and a capacitor positive electrode, wherein the capacitor negative electrode comprises a high surface area capacitor material and one or more additives selected from oxides, hydroxides or sulfates of lead, zinc, cadmium, silver and bismuth, and wherein the capacitor positive electrode comprises; a high surface area capacitor material, Pb2O3, an oxide, hydroxide or sulfate of antimony, and optionally one or more additives selected from oxides, hydroxides and sulfates of iron and lead, and sulphuric acid electrolyte solution in contact with the electrodes, wherein a battery part is formed between the battery-type positive electrode and the battery-type negative electrode, and an asymmetric capacitor part is formed between the capacitor electrode and one of the battery-type electrodes, wherein one of the battery-type electrodes is shared by the battery part and the asymmetric capacitor part, and wherein the negative electrodes are in direct electrical connection to a first conductor, and the positive electrodes are in direct electrical connection to a second conductor. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
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14. A lead-acid battery comprising an alternating series of positive and negative electrodes and an electrolyte in contact with the electrodes, wherein:
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at least one pair of positive and negative electrodes or electrode regions store energy capacitively, and one of said electrodes or regions comprises capacitor electrode material; at least one pair of lead dioxide positive and lead negative battery electrodes or electrode regions store energy electrochemically, the electrolyte is a sulfuric acid electrolyte solution, and wherein the positive electrodes are directly connected by a first conductor and the negative electrodes are directly connected by a second conductor.
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Specification