Filter design methods and filters based on metamaterial structures
First Claim
Patent Images
1. A metamaterial structure based filter apparatus, comprising:
- an unbalanced extended composite left and right handed (E-CRLH) metamaterial unit cell comprising;
a first series inductor LR and a first series capacitance CL that in combination produce a first series resonance ω
SE,a first shunt inductor LL and a first shunt capacitance CR that in combination produce a first shunt resonance ω
SH,a second series inductor LR′ and
a second series capacitance CL′
that in combination produce a second series resonance ω
SE′
, anda second shunt inductor LL′ and
a second shunt capacitance CR′
that in combination produce a second shunt resonance ω
SH′
,wherein the first series inductor LR, the first series capacitance CL, the first shunt inductor LL, the first shunt capacitance CR, the second series inductor LR′
, the second series capacitance CL′
, the second shunt inductor LL′ and
the second shunt capacitance CR′
are (1) coupled to form a symmetric cell structure for the E-CRLH unit cell where an input and an output of the E-CRLH unit cell have a common circuit structure, and (2) to have values that render ω
SE and ω
SH′
to be substantially equal, and ω
SH and ω
SE′
, to be substantially equal.
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Abstract
Filter design techniques and filters based on metamaterial structures including an extended composite left and right handed (E-CRLH) metamaterial unit cell.
25 Citations
42 Claims
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1. A metamaterial structure based filter apparatus, comprising:
- an unbalanced extended composite left and right handed (E-CRLH) metamaterial unit cell comprising;
a first series inductor LR and a first series capacitance CL that in combination produce a first series resonance ω
SE,a first shunt inductor LL and a first shunt capacitance CR that in combination produce a first shunt resonance ω
SH,a second series inductor LR′ and
a second series capacitance CL′
that in combination produce a second series resonance ω
SE′
, anda second shunt inductor LL′ and
a second shunt capacitance CR′
that in combination produce a second shunt resonance ω
SH′
,wherein the first series inductor LR, the first series capacitance CL, the first shunt inductor LL, the first shunt capacitance CR, the second series inductor LR′
, the second series capacitance CL′
, the second shunt inductor LL′ and
the second shunt capacitance CR′
are (1) coupled to form a symmetric cell structure for the E-CRLH unit cell where an input and an output of the E-CRLH unit cell have a common circuit structure, and (2) to have values that render ω
SE and ω
SH′
to be substantially equal, and ω
SH and ω
SE′
, to be substantially equal. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14)
- an unbalanced extended composite left and right handed (E-CRLH) metamaterial unit cell comprising;
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10. An apparatus comprising an unbalanced E-CRLH unit cell has a printed circuit structure formed in four separated metallization layers that are parallel to one another and comprise:
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a first metallization layer of the four separated metallization layers patterned to comprise a first signal port, a first feed line coupled to the first signal port, a first launch pad coupled to the first feed line, and a first cell patch that is separated from and capacitively coupled to the first launch pad, a second cell patch spaced from the first cell patch and coupled to receive a signal from the first cell patch, a second launch pad separated from and capacitively coupled to the second cell patch, a second feed line coupled to the second launch pad, and a second signal port coupled to the second feed line; a second metallization layer of the four separated metallization layers patterned to comprise a first conductive cell patch positioned underneath the first metallization layer between the first and second cell patches; a third metallization layer of the four separated metallization layers patterned to comprise a second conductive cell underneath the first conductive cell patch in the second metallization layer; a first conductive via configured to couple the first conductive cell patch in the second metallization layer and the second conductive cell patch in the third metallization layer; a fourth metallization layer of the four separated metallization layers to provide a ground electrode for the apparatus; a first cell via configured to couple the first cell patch on the first metallization layer and the ground electrode in the fourth metallization layer, the first cell via being separate from and without direct contact with the first and second conductive cell patches; and a second cell via configured to couple the second cell patch on the first metallization layer and the ground electrode in the fourth metallization layer, the second cell via being separate from and without direct contact with the first and second conductive cell patches. - View Dependent Claims (11)
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15. A filter apparatus comprising:
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an unbalanced E-CRLH unit-cell structure formed from a non-linear combination of a Conventional CRLH (C-CRLH) cell and a Dual CRLH (D-CRLH) cell; a combination of a first series inductor LR and a first series capacitance CL of the C-CRLH cell producing a first series resonance ω
SE,a combination of a first shunt inductor LL and a first shunt capacitance CR of the C-CRLH cell producing a first shunt resonance ω
SH;a combination of a second series inductor second LR′ and
a second series capacitance CL′
of the D-CRLH cell producing a second series resonance ω
SE′ anda combination of a second shunt inductor LL′ and
a second shunt capacitance CR′
of the D-CRLH cell producing a second shunt resonance ω
SH′
, wherein ω
SE and ω
SH′
are substantially equal and ω
SH′ and
ω
SE′
are substantially equal. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22)
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23. A filter apparatus comprising:
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an unbalanced C-CRLH unit-cell structure comprised of a plurality of Conventional CRLH (C-CRLH) cells having a first CRLH (C-CRLH) cell coupled to a second CRLH (C-CRLH) cell; a combination of a first series inductor LR1 and a first series capacitance CL1 of the first CRLH (C-CRLH) cell which produces a first series resonance ω
SE1;a combination of a first shunt inductor LL1 and a first shunt capacitance CR1 of the first CRLH (C-CRLH) cell which produces a first shunt resonance ω
SH1;a combination of a second series inductor LR2 and a second series capacitance CL2 of the second CRLH (C-CRLH) cell which produces a second series resonance ω
SE2; anda combination of a second shunt inductor LL2 and a second shunt capacitance CR2 of the second CRLH (C-CRLH) which produces a second shunt resonance ω
SH2, wherein ω
SE1 and ω
SE2 are substantially equal, and ω
SH1 and ω
SH2 are substantially equal. - View Dependent Claims (24, 25, 26, 27)
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28. A fully printed extended composite left and right handed (E-CRLH) metamaterial structure, comprising:
-
a first metallization layer patterned to comprise a first signal port, a first feed line coupled to the first signal port, a first launch pad coupled to the first feed line, and a first cell patch that is separated from and capacitively coupled to the first launch pad, a second cell patch spaced from the first cell patch and coupled to receive a signal from the first cell patch, a second launch pad separated from and capacitively coupled to the second cell patch, a second feed line coupled to the second launch pad, and a second signal port coupled to the second feed line; a second metallization layer patterned to comprise a first conductive cell patch positioned underneath the first metallization layer between the first and second cell patches; a third metallization layer patterned to comprise a second conductive cell underneath the first conductive cell patch in the second metallization layer; a first conductive via configured to couple the first conductive cell patch in the second metallization layer and the second conductive cell patch in the third metallization layer; a fourth metallization layer to provide a ground electrode for the apparatus; a first cell via configured to couple the first cell patch on the first metallization layer and the ground electrode in the fourth metallization layer, the first cell via being separate from and without direct contact with the first and second conductive cell patches; and a second cell via configured to couple the second cell patch on the first metallization layer and the ground electrode in the fourth metallization layer, the second cell via being separate from and without direct contact with the first and second conductive cell patches.
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29. A printed conventional composite left and right handed (C-CRLH) structure, comprising:
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a top layer having a plurality of CPW feed lines, a top ground, and a plurality of ports; a first dielectric substrate having a first surface on a first side and a second surface on a second side opposing the first side, wherein the first surface of the first substrate is attached to the top layer; a second layer having a top metal-insulator-metal (MIM) layer, wherein the second layer is attached to the second surface of the first substrate, wherein a first set of cell conductive via connectors are formed in the first substrate creating a conductive path from the top layer to the second layer; a second dielectric substrate having a first surface on a first side and a second surface on a second side opposing the first side, wherein the first surface of the second substrate is attached to the second layer; a third layer having a main structure, wherein the third layer is attached to the second surface of the second substrate, wherein a second set of cell conductive via connectors are formed in the second substrate creating a conductive path from the second layer to the third layer; a third dielectric substrate having a first surface on a first side and a second surface on a second side opposing the first side, wherein the first surface of the third substrate is attached to the third layer; a fourth layer having a bottom MIM layer, wherein the fourth layer is attached to the second surface of the third substrate; a fourth dielectric substrate having a first surface on a first side and a second surface on a second side opposing the first side, wherein the first surface of the fourth substrate is attached to the fourth layer; and a fifth layer having a bottom ground, wherein the fifth layer is attached to the second surface of the fourth substrate, wherein the top layer, the top, second, third, fourth, and fifth layer, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth substrate, the cell conductive via connectors, the top MIM layer, the main structure, and the bottom MIM layer are structured to form a printed C-CRLH structure. - View Dependent Claims (30, 31)
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32. A method, comprising:
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forming circuit elements of an unbalanced E-CRLH metamaterial unit cell, including; providing a first series inductor LR and a first series capacitance CL that in combination produce a first series resonance ω
SE;providing a first shunt inductor LL and a first shunt capacitance CR that in combination produce a first shunt resonance ω
SH;providing a second series inductor LR′ and
a second series capacitance CL′
that in combination produce a second series resonance ω
SE′
; andproviding a second shunt inductor LL′ and
a second shunt capacitance CR′
that in combination produce a second shunt resonance ω
SH′
; andwherein the first series inductor LR, the first series capacitance CL, the first shunt inductor LL, the first shunt capacitance CR, the second series inductor LR′
, the second series capacitance CL′
, the second shunt inductor LL′ and
the second shunt capacitance CR′
are (1) coupled to form a symmetric cell structure for the ECRLH unit cell where an input and an output of the E-CRLH unit cell have a common circuit structure, and (2) to have values that render ω
SE and ω
SH′
to be substantially equal, and ω
SH and ω
SE′
to be substantially equal. - View Dependent Claims (33, 34, 35, 38, 39, 40)
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36. A method comprising:
-
forming an unbalanced E-CRLH unit includes forming a printed circuit structure formed in four separated metallization layers that are parallel to one another, the forming the printed circuit structure including; providing a first metallization layer of the four separated metallization layers patterned to comprise a first signal port, a first feed line coupled to the first signal port, a first launch pad coupled to the first feed line, and a first cell patch that is separated from and capacitively coupled to the first launch pad, a second cell patch spaced from the first cell patch and coupled to receive a signal from the first cell patch, a second launch pad separated from and capacitively coupled to the second cell patch, a second feed line coupled to the second launch pad, and a second signal port coupled to the second feed line; providing a second metallization layer of the four separated metallization layers patterned to comprise a first conductive cell patch positioned underneath the first metallization layer between the first and second cell patches; providing a third metallization layer of the four separated metallization layers patterned to comprise a second conductive cell underneath the first conductive cell patch in the second metallization layer; providing a first conductive via configured to couple the first conductive cell patch in the second metallization layer and the second conductive cell patch in the third metallization layer; providing a fourth metallization layer of the four separated metallization layers to provide a ground electrode for the apparatus; providing a first cell via configured to couple the first cell patch on the first metallization layer and the ground electrode in the fourth metallization layer, the first cell via being separate from and without direct contact with the first and second conductive cell patches; and providing a second cell via configured to couple the second cell patch on the first metallization layer and the ground electrode in the fourth metallization layer, the second cell via being separate from and without direct contact with the first and second conductive cell patches. - View Dependent Claims (37)
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41. A method, comprising:
forming an unbalanced Conventional CRLH (C-CRLH) cell and a Dual CRLH (D-CRLH) cell to establish an E-CRLH unit-cell structure, including; providing a combination of a first series inductor LR and a first series capacitance CL of the C-CRLH cell producing a first series resonance ω
SE;providing a combination of a first shunt inductor LL and a shunt capacitance CR of the C-CRLH cell producing a first shunt resonance ω
SH;providing a combination of a secondseries inductor LR′ and
a second series capacitance CL′
of the D-CRLH cell producing a second series resonance ω
SE′
; andproviding a combination of a second shunt inductor LL′ and
a second shunt capacitance CR′
of the D-CRLH cell producing a second shunt resonance ω
SH′
, wherein ω
SE and ω
SH′
are substantially equal and ω
SH and ω
SE′
are substantially equal.- View Dependent Claims (42)
Specification