Use of micro and miniature position sensing devices for use in TKA and THA

• US 8,241,296 B2
• Filed: 12/23/2008
• Issued: 08/14/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 04/08/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Zimmer Incorporated (Zimmer Biomet Holdings, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Zimmer Incorporated (Zimmer Biomet Holdings, Inc.)
• Inventors: Wasielewski, Ray C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Robert, Eduardo C
• Assistant Examiner(s): Comstock, David
• Application Number:
  US12/342,795
• Publication Number:
  US 20090138019A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,330 Days
• Field of Search: 606/53, 606/86.R, 606/87, 606/96, 606/102, 606/130, 623/16.11, 623/22.11, 623/22.12, 623/23.16, 623/914, 600/301, 600/424, 600/587, 600/594, 600/595, 128/903
• US Class Current: 606/96
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/00 Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets A61B18/00 takes precedence; contraceptive devices, pessaries, or applicators therefor A61F6/00; eye surgery A61F9/007; ear surgery A61F11/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/155 Cutting femur
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1707 using electromagnetic effects, e.g. with magnet and external sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1717 for applying intramedullary nails or pins
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1746 for the acetabulum
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1764 for the knee
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/72 Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices A61B17/744 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/86 Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor A61B17/72 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/102 Modelling of surgical devices, implants or prosthesis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2051 Electromagnetic tracking systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2072 Reference field transducer attached to an instrument or patient
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/062 penetration depth
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/365 augmented reality, i.e. correlating a live optical image with another image
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/3958 emitting a signal
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/397 electromagnetic other than visible, e.g. microwave
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/3975 active
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/20 Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/061 Determining position of a probe within the body employing means separate from the probe, e.g. sensing internal probe position employing impedance electrodes on the surface of the body A61B1/00158 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/062 using magnetic field
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/067 using accelerometers or gyroscopes
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/30723 : Plugs or restrictors for sealing a cement-receiving space tools for inserting plugs A61F2/4614; sealing collars for use during cementing A61B17/8808
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/36 : Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/367 : Proximal or metaphyseal parts of shafts trochanteric devices connected to said proximal parts A61F2/30739
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/3672 : Intermediate parts of shafts
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/38 : for elbows or knees
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/3859 : Femoral components
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/389 : Tibial components A61F2/3868 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4603 : for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4607 : of hip femoral endoprostheses
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4609 : of acetabular cups
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4657 : Measuring instruments used for implanting artificial joints for surgical instruments A61B90/06
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4684 : Trial or dummy prostheses
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/3067 : for data transfer
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/3625 : Necks
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/3631 : with an integral complete or partial peripheral collar or bearing shoulder at its base
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4619 : for extraction
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4658 : for measuring dimensions, e.g. length
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4668 : for measuring angles
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4696 : optical
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2250/0002 : for data transfer

Abstract

A system for assisting in a surgical process, comprising: (a) a surgical device taken from a group consisting of a surgical tool and a surgical implant; (b) a positional sensor carried by the surgical device, the positional sensor including a wireless transmitter and associated circuitry for transmitting sensor data from the transmitter; and (c) a computer system including a wireless receiver and signal conditioning circuitry and hardware for converting sensor data received by the wireless receiver into at least one of (i) audio feedback of positional information for the surgical device and (ii) visual feedback of positional information for the surgical device.

Claims

1. A surgical telemetry system comprising:

a sourceless bone sensor coupled to a portion of an extremity of a patient and generating motion signals in at least two degrees of freedom;

a reference sensor coupled to a reference of the patient, the reference sensor generating motion signals in at least two degrees of freedom;

a processing system operatively coupled to the sensors to acquire the motion signals and generate a feedback output; and

a feedback device operably coupled to the processing system to receive and present the feedback output to a user, the feedback output representing one of a position and an orientation of the portion of the extremity based on the motion data with respect to the reference.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the portion of the extremity is a bone.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the sourceless bone sensor is implanted in the bone.

4. The system of claim 3, further comprising a prosthetic component, wherein the prosthetic component includes the sourceless bone sensor.

5. The system of claim 2, wherein the sourceless bone sensor is coupled to a jig which is coupled to the bone.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the portion of the extremity comprises a prosthesis.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the motion signals represent motion from at least one of a first position and a first orientation to a second position and a second orientation of the sensors.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the sourceless bone sensor comprises an integrated circuit generating motion signals corresponding to three degrees of freedom.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the feedback device is a display device and the feedback output is an image.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein the feedback device is a sound generator and the feedback output is an audible sound.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein the processing system wirelessly acquires the motion data.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein the reference sensor is carried by a surgical instrument.

13. The system of claim 1, wherein the reference sensor is carried by a second prosthetic component.

14. The system of claim 1, wherein the reference sensor is coupled to a portion of an extremity of a patient in a predetermined relation to a second bone of the patient.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein the second bone comprises the pelvic bone.

16. The system of claim 1, wherein the motion signals represent at least one of a position and an orientation of the sensors.

17. A surgical telemetry system for repairing a joint of a patient including a first joint surface adjacent a second joint surface, the system comprising:

a sourceless bone sensor coupled to a portion of an extremity of a patient including the first joint surface, the sourceless bone sensor generating motion signals in at least two degrees of freedom;

a reference sensor coupled to a reference of the patient, the reference sensor generating motion signals in at least two degrees of freedom;

a processing system operatively coupled to the sensors to acquire the motion signals and generate a feedback output; and

a feedback device operably coupled to the processing system to receive and present the feedback output to a user, the feedback output representing one of a range of movement and an angle of dislocation of the portion of the extremity based on the motion data with respect to the reference.

18. The system of claim 17, wherein the portion of the extremity is a bone.

19. The system of claim 18, wherein the sourceless bone sensor is implanted in the bone.

20. The system of claim 19, further comprising a prosthetic component, wherein the prosthetic component includes the sourceless bone sensor.

21. The system of claim 18, wherein the sourceless bone sensor is coupled to a jig which is coupled to the bone.

22. The system of claim 17, wherein the portion of the extremity comprises a prosthesis.

23. The system of claim 17, wherein the sourceless bone sensor comprises an integrated circuit generating motion signals corresponding to three degrees of freedom.

24. The system of claim 17, wherein the feedback device is a display device and the feedback output is an image.

25. The system of claim 17, wherein the feedback device is a sound generator and the feedback output is an audible sound.

26. The system of claim 17, wherein the processing system wirelessly acquires the motion data.

27. The system of claim 17, wherein the reference sensor is coupled in a predetermined relation to a second bone of the patient including the second joint surface.

28. The system of claim 27, wherein the second bone comprises the pelvic bone.

29. A method of generating telemetry data in a surgical procedure, the method comprising the steps of:

generating motion signals with a sourceless object sensor coupled to an object;

generating motion signals with a reference sensor coupled to a reference of the patient;

acquiring motion data based on the motion signals, the motion data including at least one of an object position and an object orientation;

generating a feedback output based on the motion data, the feedback output representing a spatial relationship between the object and the reference on the patient; and

presenting the feedback output to a user in substantially real-time.

30. The method of claim 29, wherein the object is a surgical tool.

31. The method of claim 30, wherein the second bone comprises the pelvic bone.

32. The method of claim 29, wherein the object is a bone of the patient.

33. The method of claim 32, wherein the sourceless object sensor is implanted in the bone.

34. The method of claim 29, wherein the object is a jig coupled to the bone of the patient.

35. The method of claim 29, wherein the sourceless object sensor comprises an integrated circuit generating motion signals corresponding to three degrees of freedom.

36. The method of claim 29, wherein the feedback output is an image.

37. The method of claim 29, wherein the feedback output is an audible sound.

38. The method of claim 29, further comprising the step of wirelessly acquiring the motion data.

39. The method of claim 29, wherein the reference sensor is coupled to a second bone of the patient.