Fuel cell recharger

• US 8,246,796 B2
• Filed: 02/12/2010
• Issued: 08/21/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 02/12/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Honeywell International Inc.
• Original Assignee: Honeywell International Inc.
• Inventors: Eickhoff, Steven J.
• Primary Examiner(s): BELL, BRUCE F
• Application Number:
  US12/705,407
• Publication Number:
  US 20110198231A1
• Time in Patent Office: 921 Days
• Field of Search: 204/252, 204/263, 204/264, 204/266, 205/637, 205/628, 429/418, 429/420, 429/421, 429/428, 429/433, 429/434, 429/444, 429/446, 429/462
• US Class Current: 204/263
• CPC Class Codes: C25B 1/04 by electrolysis of water
• CPC Class Codes: C25B 15/08 Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04208 Cartridges, cryogenic media or cryogenic reservoirs
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/0656 by electrochemical means H01M8/065 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/36 Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 Fuel cells

Abstract

An apparatus for recharging a fuel cell cartridge and methods for recharging a fuel cell cartridge are disclosed. An example recharging apparatus may include a housing having a fuel cell cartridge holder. A water reservoir may be disposed in the housing and may have water disposed therein. The recharging apparatus may also include an electrolysis chamber for converting water into hydrogen and oxygen. The electrolysis chamber may be in fluid communication with the water reservoir. The electrolysis chamber may include a hydrogen passage for passing hydrogen from the electrolysis chamber to the fuel cell cartridge holder. The recharging apparatus may further include a vacuum pump at least selectively in fluid communication with the fuel cell cartridge holder. In some instances, the vacuum pump may be used to evacuate residual hydrogen and/or other gases or materials from the fuel cell cartridge and/or determine if the fuel cell cartridge is leaky and requires replacement.

Claims

1. An apparatus for recharging a fuel cell, comprising:

a housing having a fuel cell cartridge holder;

a water reservoir disposed in the housing and having water disposed therein;

an electrolysis chamber for converting water into hydrogen and oxygen, the electrolysis chamber being in fluid communication with the water reservoir;

wherein the electrolysis chamber includes a hydrogen passage for passing hydrogen from the electrolysis chamber to the fuel cell cartridge holder;

a vacuum pump in fluid communication with the fuel cell cartridge holder, the vacuum pump being configured to selectively vent residual hydrogen from a fuel cell cartridge disposed in the fuel cell cartridge holder; and

a controller coupled to the vacuum pump, the controller configured to activate the vacuum pump to vent residual hydrogen from a fuel cell cartridge disposed in the fuel cell cartridge holder prior to recharging of the fuel cell cartridge with hydrogen from the fuel cell cartridge holder.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the electrolysis chamber includes a proton exchange membrane.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a heat exchanger disposed in thermal communication with the fuel cell cartridge holder.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a water purifier disposed between the water reservoir and the electrolysis chamber.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a hydrogen filter disposed between the electrolysis chamber and the fuel cell cartridge holder.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus is configured to be powered by standard household current, a battery, or a car battery.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the water reservoir receives water from a water source.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the water source includes a condenser that extracts water from air.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a pump coupled to the fuel cell cartridge holder for controlling the pressure of hydrogen provided to the fuel cell through the hydrogen passage.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the electrolysis chamber includes an oxygen passage for venting oxygen.

11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the fuel cell cartridge includes a metal hydride.

12. A method for recharging a hydrogen fuel cell, comprising:

providing an apparatus for recharging a hydrogen fuel cell cartridge, the apparatus including;

a housing having a fuel cell cartridge holder;

a water reservoir disposed in the housing and having water disposed therein;

an electrolysis chamber;

a vacuum pump in fluid communication with the fuel cell cartridge holder;

disposing a fuel cell cartridge in the fuel cell cartridge holder;

venting residual hydrogen from the fuel cell cartridge with the vacuum pump; and

after venting residual hydrogen from the fuel cell cartridge, recharging the fuel cell cartridge by passing hydrogen generated in the electrolysis chamber into the fuel cell cartridge.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the electrolysis chamber includes a proton exchange membrane.

14. The method of claim 12, further comprising removing heat from the apparatus with a heat exchanger disposed in thermal communication with the fuel cell cartridge holder.

15. The method of claim 12, further comprising purifying water in the water reservoir with a water purifier.

16. The method of claim 12, further comprising filtering hydrogen generated in the electrolysis chamber with a hydrogen filter.

17. The method of claim 12, further comprising venting oxygen from the electrolysis chamber.

18. The method of claim 12, further comprising monitoring the flow rate through the vacuum pump over time in order to determine if the fuel cell cartridge is defective.

19. A hydrogen fuel cell cartridge recharging apparatus, comprising:

a housing;

a water reservoir;

an electrolysis chamber in fluid communication with the water reservoir;

a hydrogen conduit extending from the electrolysis chamber to a fuel cell cartridge holder;

a vacuum pump at least selectively in fluid communication with the fuel cell cartridge holder, the vacuum pump configured to selectively vent residual hydrogen from the fuel cell cartridge prior to recharging the fuel cell cartridge; and

a controller coupled to the vacuum pump, the controller configured to activate the vacuum pump and to monitor a pressure in a fuel cell cartridge disposed in the fuel cell cartridge holder to determine if the fuel cell cartridge holder contains a leak.