Optimizing communication using scalable peer groups

• US 8,250,230 B2
• Filed: 01/04/2006
• Issued: 08/21/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 09/30/2004
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Corporation
• Inventors: Kaler, Christopher G., Kakivaya, Gopala Krishna R., Wilson, Hervey Oliver, Hasha, Richard L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Patel, Haresh N
• Assistant Examiner(s): Cosby, Lawrence
• Application Number:
  US11/325,693
• Publication Number:
  US 20060117026A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,421 Days
• Field of Search: 709/233, 710/60
• US Class Current: 709/233
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/104 Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1046 Joining mechanisms
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1059 Inter-group management mechanisms, e.g. splitting, merging or interconnection of groups
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1063 Discovery through centralising entities
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1065 Discovery involving distributed pre-established resource-based relationships among peers, e.g. based on distributed hash tables [DHT] pre-configuration of logical or physical connections H04L67/1053
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/54 Presence management, e.g. monitoring or registration for receipt of user log-on information, or the connection status of the users
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/60 Scheduling or organising the servicing of application requests, e.g. requests for application data transmissions using the analysis and optimisation of the required network resources admission control or resource allocation H04L47/70

Abstract

Implementations of the present invention relate in part to optimizations to peer-to-peer communication systems. For example, one implementation relates to use of a smart transceiver that creates, caches, and manages communication channels dynamically between peers. Another implementation relates to use of a central tracking object that can be used to efficiently register and distribute peer messages among the various peers. In one implementation, the central tracking object is shared amongst peers in the group. Still another implementation relates to associating peer groups with namespaces, and for including peer groups of one namespace within still other peer groups of different namespaces. These and other aspects of the invention can also be used to ensure delivery intent of a given peer message is preserved, and to ensure that optimal numbers of messages are communicated to any given peer at any given time.

Claims

1. At a peer having an application and a smart transceiver component for communicating with one or more other peers in a peer group over a network, a method of dynamically adjusting a communication mechanism used in a communication channel between the application and the smart transceiver component without modifying the communication channel from the perspective of the application, the method comprising the acts of:

establishing a communication channel between the application and the smart transceiver component using at least one initial communication mechanism, the communication channel including security and application-level logic which the application uses to communicate peer messages to the smart transceiver component, wherein the smart transceiver component selects the at least one initial communication mechanism by performing the following acts;

detecting that the peer is configured primarily to receive messages from one or more of the one or more other peers;

identifying a plurality of communication mechanisms for communicating peer messages between the peer and the one or more other peers;

automatically determining that, based on the peer being configured primarily to receive messages, the at least one initial communication mechanism of the plurality of communication mechanisms is preferable to another communication mechanism of the plurality of communication mechanisms for use within the communication channel between the application and the smart transceiver; and

automatically selecting the at least one initial communication mechanism to be used within the communication channel;

after the communication channel is established, receiving, by the application, at least one peer message from one or more of the one or more other peers using the established communication channel such that the selected at least one initial communication mechanism is used by the smart transceiver component to receive the at least one peer message;

without establishing a new communication channel, automatically replacing the at least one initial communication mechanism in the established communication channel with the selected at least one subsequent communication mechanism while retaining the security and application-level logic of the communication channel such that the communication channel from the perspective of the application remains unchanged, wherein the smart transceiver component replaces the at least one initial communication mechanism by performing the following acts;

while the communication channel is still established between the application and the smart transceiver component, the smart transceiver component detecting that the peer'"'"'s configuration has changed such that the peer is configured primarily to send messages to one or more of the one or more other peers;

automatically determining, by the smart transceiver component, that, based on the peer being configured primarily to send messages, at least one subsequent communication mechanism of the plurality of communication mechanisms that is different from the at least one initial communication mechanism is preferable to the at least one initial communication mechanism; and

automatically selecting the at least one subsequent communication mechanism to be used in the communication channel; and

after the at least one initial communication mechanism is replaced with the at least one subsequent communication mechanism in the communication channel, sending, by the application, at least one peer message to one or more of the one or more other peers over the established communication channel using the same security and application-level logic even though the at least one subsequent communication mechanism, rather than the at least one initial communication mechanism, is used within the established communication channel.

2. The method as recited in claim 1, further comprising an act of replacing the at least one subsequent communication mechanism with a second subsequent communication mechanism based on status information of at least one of the one or more peers.

3. The method as recited in claim 1, further comprising an act of augmenting the selected at least one initial communication mechanism, or any other of the plurality of communication mechanisms, with one or more features, such that the augmented communication mechanism is consistent with the identified subsequent communication mechanism.

4. The method as recited in claim 1, further comprising an act of registering an entry with a central tracking object that indicates that the peer received the at least one peer message from the one or more other peers using the selected at least one initial communication mechanism.

5. The method as recited in claim 1, further comprising an act of registering an entry with a central tracking object that indicates that the peer sent the at least one peer message to the one or more other peers using the selected at least one subsequent communication mechanism.

6. The method as recited in claim 4, wherein the central tracking object is a single object that is shared between the peer and the one or more other peers.

7. The method as recited in claim 4, further comprising an act of receiving a different peer message from one of the one or more peers in the peer group, the different peer message indicating that the different peer message is to be sent to any of the one or more peers.

8. The method as recited in claim 7, further comprising the acts of:

identifying from the central tracking object or a different central tracking object owned by another of the one or more peers that there is no registration entry indicating that the different peer message has been received by any of the one or more peers; and

processing the different peer message.

9. The method as recited in claim 7, further comprising the acts of:

identifying a registration entry at the central tracking object or a different central tracking object owned by another of the one or more peers, the registration entry indicating that the different peer message has been received by at least one of the one or more peers; and

discarding the different peer message.

10. The method as recited in claim 1, further comprising an act of receiving a different peer message from one of the one or more peers in the peer group, the different peer message indicating that it requires only one response from the one or more peers in the peer group.

11. The method as recited in claim 1, further comprising an act of creating a first communication channel and a second communication channel, wherein the first communication channel and second communication channel have differing operating characteristics.

12. The method as recited in claim 10, wherein the differing operating characteristics affect how an application sends or receives data on the respective first and second communication channels, such that the upload speed and download speed differ between the first and second communication channels.

13. The method as recited in claim 10, wherein the act of identifying a behavior of the application related to the peer comprises the act of identifying a behavior of the application at the peer.

16. The method of claim 1 wherein the plurality of communication mechanisms comprise an HTTP, an SMS, a TCP, an RF, an infrared, a shared memory, and a serial port communication mechanism.

14. One or more computer storage media for use in a system where a peer having an application and a smart transceiver component for communicating with one or more recipient one or more other peers in a peer group over a network, the computer storage media having computer-executable instructions stored thereon that, when executed, cause one or more processors to perform a method of dynamically adjusting a communication mechanism used in a communication channel between the application and the smart transceiver component without modifying the communication channel from the perspective of the application, the method comprising the following:

establishing a communication channel between the application and the smart transceiver component using at least one initial communication mechanism, the communication channel including security and application-level logic which the application uses to communicate peer messages to the smart transceiver component, wherein the smart transceiver component selects the at least one initial communication mechanism by performing the following acts;

detecting that the peer is configured primarily to receive messages from one or more of the one or more other peers;

identifying a plurality of communication mechanisms for communicating peer messages between the peer and the one or more other peers;

automatically determining that, based on the peer being configured primarily to receive messages, the at least one initial communication mechanism of the plurality of communication mechanisms is preferable to another communication mechanism of the plurality of communication mechanisms for use within the communication channel between the application and the smart transceiver; and

automatically selecting the at least one initial communication mechanism to be used within the communication channel;

after the communication channel is established, receiving, by the application, at least one peer messages from one or more of the one or more other peers using the established communication channel such that the selected at least one initial communication mechanism is used by the smart transceiver component to receive the at least one peer message;

without establishing a new communication channel, automatically replacing the at least one initial communication mechanism in the established communication channel with the selected at least one subsequent communication mechanism while retaining the security and application-level logic of the communication channel such that the communication channel from the perspective of the application remains unchanged, wherein the smart transceiver component replaces the at least one initial communication mechanism by performing the following acts;

while the communication channel is still established between the application and the smart transceiver component, the smart transceiver component detecting that the peer'"'"'s configuration has changed such that the peer is configured primarily to send messages to one or more of the one or more other peers;

automatically determining, by the smart transceiver component, that, based on the peer being configured primarily to send messages, at least one subsequent communication mechanism of the plurality of communication mechanisms that is different from the at least one initial communication mechanism is preferable to the at least one initial communication mechanism; and

automatically selecting the at least one subsequent communication mechanism to be used in the communication channel; and

after the at least one initial communication mechanism is replaced with the at least one subsequent communication mechanism in the communication channel, sending, by the application, at least one peer messages to one or more of the one or more other peers over the established communication channel using the same security and application-level logic even though the at least one subsequent communication mechanism, rather than the at least one initial communication mechanism, is used to send the at least one peer message within the established communication channel.

15. The computer readable storage medium of claim 14 wherein the plurality of communication mechanisms comprise an HTTP, an SMS, a TCP, an RF, an infrared, a shared memory, and a serial port communication mechanism.