Superfluorescent fiber source with enhanced mean wavelength stability

• US 8,254,416 B2
• Filed: 03/08/2010
• Issued: 08/28/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 10/02/2002
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University (Stanford University)
• Original Assignee: Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University (Stanford University)
• Inventors: Park, Hee Gap, Digonnet, Michel J. F., Kino, Gordon S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Park, Kinam
• Application Number:
  US12/719,778
• Publication Number:
  US 20100220387A1
• Time in Patent Office: 904 Days
• Field of Search: 372/6, 372/29.02, 372/32
• US Class Current: 372/6
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 3/0064 Anti-reflection devices, e.g. optical isolaters absorbing layers for marking or protecting purposes in laser working B23K26/50; magneto-optical non-reciprocal devices G02F1/093, G02F1/0955
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 3/06754 Fibre amplifiers H01S3/06708 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 3/06795 with superfluorescent emission, e.g. amplified spontaneous emission sources for fibre laser gyrometers fibre laser gyrometers per se G01C19/72
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 3/094023 with ASE light recycling, with reinjection of the ASE light back into the fiber, e.g. by reflectors or circulators
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 3/10013 by controlling the temperature of the active medium
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 3/10069 Memorized or pre-programmed characteristics, e.g. look-up table [LUT]
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 3/1608 erbium

Abstract

A doped superfluorescent fiber source (SFS) has an enhanced mean wavelength stability. A method stabilizes the mean wavelength of a SFS. The method includes pumping the SFS with pump light from a pump source having a wavelength dependent on the temperature of the pump source and dependent on the power of the pump light. The length of the fiber is selected to compromise between reduction of the dependence of the mean wavelength on the pump light power and reduction of the contribution of the forward amplified spantaneous emission light produced by the fiber to the output light.

Claims

1. A method of generating light using a superfluorescent fiber source (SFS), the method comprising:

providing a SFS having a mean wavelength influenced by a pump light wavelength, the SFS comprising a doped fiber having a first end, a second end, and a length between the first end and the second end; and

pumping the fiber with pump light from a pump source having a wavelength dependent on the temperature of the pump source and dependent on the power of the pump light, wherein the length of the fiber is selected to compromise between reduction of the dependence of the mean wavelength on the pump light power and reduction of the contribution of the forward amplified spantaneous emission light produced by the fiber to the output light.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first end of the fiber is optically coupled to a mirror and the pump source, and the second end of the fiber is optically coupled to an optical isolator.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises reducing variations of the temperature of the fiber.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises estimating variations of the mean wavelength due to variations of the temperature of the fiber.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises reducing variations of the temperature of the pump source.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises tuning the pump source to a wavelength at which a first-order dependence of the mean wavelength on the pump light wavelength is small or substantially zero.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the mean wavelength is stable within approximately ±

0.5 part per million over a period of time of at least one hour.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the mean wavelength is stable within approximately ±

0.5 part per million over a period of time of at least 17 hours.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the fiber has a small-signal absorption of at least approximately 340 decibels.

10. A superfluorescent fiber source (SFS) comprising:

a fiber having a first end, a second end, and a length between the first end and the second end, the fiber responsive to light by producing forward amplified spontaneous emission light and backward amplified spontaneous emission light;

a light source optically coupled to the first end of the fiber, the light source producing light having a wavelength dependent on the temperature of the light source and dependent on the power of the light produced by the light source; and

a reflective element optically coupled to the first end of the fiber and configured to reflect the backward amplified spontaneous emission light to the fiber, the fiber amplifying the reflected light, wherein output light from the fiber comprising the forward amplified spontaneous emission light and the reflected and amplified light is transmitted through the second end of the fiber, wherein the length is selected to compromise between reduction of the dependence of a mean wavelength of the output light on the power of the light produced by the light source and reduction of the contribution of the forward amplified spontaneous emission light to the output light.

11. The SFS of claim 10, wherein the mean wavelength of the output light has a stability selected by reducing variations of the temperature of the fiber.

12. The SFS of claim 10, wherein the mean wavelength of the output light has a stability selected by estimating variations of the mean wavelength due to variations of the temperature of the fiber.

13. The SFS of claim 10, wherein the output light has a stability within approximately ±

0.5 part per million over a period of time of at least one hour.

14. The SFS of claim 10, wherein the output light has a stability within approximately ±

0.5 part per million over a period of time of at least 17 hours.

15. The SFS of claim 10, wherein the fiber has a small-signal absorption of at least approximately 340 decibels.

16. The SFS of claim 10, wherein the light source comprises a laser diode having a temperature and a laser diode current, whereby the temperature is controllable to be stable within approximately ±

0.01 degree Celsius and the laser diode current is controllable to be approximately 10 microamps.

17. The SFS of claim 10, further comprising an optical isolator optically coupled to the second end of the fiber.

18. The SFS of claim 10, wherein the fiber is doped.