Insulated glass unit possessing room temperature-curable siloxane-containing composition of reduced gas permeability

• US 8,257,805 B2
• Filed: 01/09/2006
• Issued: 09/04/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 01/09/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Momentive Performance Materials Incorporated (Momentive Performance Materials Holdings LLC)
• Original Assignee: Momentive Performance Materials Incorporated (Momentive Performance Materials Holdings LLC)
• Inventors: Landon, Shayne J., Williams, David A., Kumar, Vikram, Nesakumar, Edward J., Ramakrishnan, Indumathi
• Primary Examiner(s): Sheikh, Humera
• Assistant Examiner(s): MOORE, WALTER A
• Application Number:
  US11/328,384
• Publication Number:
  US 20070160781A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,430 Days
• Field of Search: 428/34, 428/429, 428/447, 522/045.93, 522/045.95, 522/046.2, 522/047.05, 522/047.1, 527/861, 527/861.2, 527/861.3, 525/106
• US Class Current: 428/34
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 30/00 Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 27/10 with the aid of adhesive specially adapted for that purpose
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 2383/04 Polysiloxanes
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 5/005 Reinforced macromolecular compounds with nanosized materials, e.g. nanoparticles, nanofibres, nanotubes, nanowires, nanorods or nanolayered materials
• CPC Class Codes: C08K 3/34 Silicon-containing compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C09K 3/1018 Macromolecular compounds having one or more carbon-to-silicon linkages
• CPC Class Codes: E06B 3/66328 of rubber, plastics or similar materials E06B3/66314, E06B3/66323 and E06B3/66342 take precedence; transparent materials E06B3/66333
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31612 As silicone, silane or siloxane
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31663 As siloxane, silicone or silane

Abstract

The invention relates to a high thermal efficiency, insulated glass unit structure sealed with a cured composition containing, inter alia, diorganopolysiloxane(s) and organic nanoclay(s), the cured composition exhibiting low permeability to gas(es).

Claims

1. An insulated glass unit comprising two spaced-apart sheets of glass in spaced relationship to each other, a low thermal conductivity insulating gas or mixture of gases therebetween and a gas sealant element including a cured sealant composition having a permeability to gas of less than 900 banners, the cured sealant composition resulting from the curing of a curable sealant composition comprising:

a) at least one silanol-terminated diorganopolysiloxane;

b) at least one crosslinker for the silanol-terminated diorganopolysiloxane(s) having the formula;

(R¹⁴O)(R¹⁵O)(R¹⁶O)(R¹⁷O)Si

where R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶ and R¹⁷ are chosen independently from monovalent C₁ to C₆₀ hydrocarbon radicals;

c) at least one catalyst for a crosslinking reaction wherein the silanol terminated diorganopolysiloxane is crosslinked to provide a crosslinked diorganopolvsiloxane;

d) at least 15 percent up to 50 percent by weight, based on the total composition weight, of at least one organic nanoclay including a diorganopolysiloxane intercalant, where the nanoclay portion of organic nanoclay (d) is selected from the group consisting of montmorillonite, sodium montmorillonite, calcium montmorillonite, magnesium montmorillonite, nontronite, beidellite, volkonskoite, laponite, hectorite, saponite, sauconite, magadite, kenyaite, sobockite, svindordite, stevensite, vermiculite, halloysite, aluminate oxides, hydrotalcite, illite, rectorite, tarosovite, ledikite, kaolinite and, mixtures thereof, the nanoclay portion being treated by at least one of a tertiary alkylammonium compound, tertiary amine compound R³ R⁴ R⁵N and/or quaternary ammonium compound R⁶ R⁷ R⁸R⁹N⁺X⁻

wherein R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸, and R⁹ each independently is an alkyl, alkenyl or alkoxy silane group of up to 60 carbon atoms and X⁻

is an anion to provide the organic portion of the organic nanoclay (d); and

,

e) at least one solid polymer having a permeability to gas that is less than the permeability of the crosslinked diorganopolysiloxane(s),

wherein said insulated glass unit further includes a spacer member disposed between the two sheets of glass, the spacer member having two lateral sides and an end surface, and wherein the low thermal conductivity gas includes one or more of air, carbon dioxide, sulfur hexafluoride, nitrogen, argon, krypton or xenon, and

wherein the cured sealant composition includes a nonionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, ethoxylated castor oil, oleic acid ethoxylate, alkylphenol ethoxylates, copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide and copolymers of silicones and polyethers, copolymers of silicones and copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide and mixtures thereof.

2. The insulated glass unit of claim 1 wherein silanol-terminated diorganopolysiloxane (a) has the general formula:

M_aD_bD′

_c

wherein “

a”

is 2, and “

b”

is equal to or greater than 1 and “

c”

is zero or positive;

M is

(HO)_3-x-yR¹_xR²_ySiO_1/2

wherein “

x”

is 0, 1 or 2 and “

y”

is either 0 or 1, subject to the limitation that x+y is less than or is equal to 2, R¹ and R² each independently is a monovalent hydrocarbon group up to 60 carbon atoms;

D is

R³R⁴SiO_1/2;

wherein R³ and R⁴ each independently is a monovalent hydrocarbon group up to 60 carbon atoms; and

D′

is

R⁵R⁶SiO_2/2

wherein R⁵ and R⁶ each independently is a monovalent hydrocarbon group up to 60 carbon atoms.

3. The insulated glass unit of claim 1 wherein catalyst (c) is a tin catalyst.

4. The insulated glass unit of claim 3 wherein the tin catalyst is selected from the group consisting of dibutyltindilaurate, dibutyltindiacetate, dibutyltindimethoxide, tinoctoate, isobutyltintriceroate, dibutyltinoxide, dibutyltin bis-diisooctylphthalate, bis-tripropoxysilyl dioctyltin, dibutyltin bis-acetylacetone, silylated dibutyltin dioxide, carbomethoxyphenyl tin tris-uberate, isobutyltin triceroate, dimethyltin dibutyrate, dimethyltin di-neodecanoate, triethyltin tartarate, dibutyltin dibenzoate, tin oleate, tin naphthenate, butyltintri-2-ethylhexylhexoate, tinbutyrate, diorganotin bis b-diketonates and mixtures thereof.

5. The insulated glass unit of claim 1 wherein solid polymer (e) is selected from the group consisting of low density polyethylene, very low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, polypropylene, polyisobutylene, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene napthalate, glycol-modified polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinylchloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinylidene fluoride, thermoplastic polyurethane, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polymethylmethacrylate, polyvinyl fluoride, polyamides, polymethylpentene, polyimide, polyetherimide, polether ether ketone, polysulfone, polyether sulfone, ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, plasticized polyvinyl chloride, ionomers, polyphenylene sulfide, styrene-maleic anhydride, modified polyphenylene oxide, ethylene-propylene rubber, polybutadiene, polychloroprene, polyisoprene, polyurethane, styrene-butadiene-styrene, styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene, polymethylphenyl siloxane and mixtures thereof.

6. The insulated glass unit of claim 1 wherein the curable sealant composition further comprises at least one optional component selected from the group consisting of adhesion promoter, surfactant, colorant, pigment, plasticizer, filler other than organic nanoclay, antioxidant, UV stabilizer, and biocide.

7. The insulated glass unit of claim 6 wherein the adhesion promoter is selected from the group consisting of n-2-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 1,3,5-tris(trimethoxysilylpropyl)isocyanurate, γ

-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, γ

-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, aminopropyltriMethoxysilane, bis-γ

-trimethoxysilypropyl)amine, N-phenyl-γ

-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, triaminofunctionaltrimethoxysilane, γ

-aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane, γ

-aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane, methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, methylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane, γ

-glycidoxypropylethyldimethoxysilane, γ

-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, γ

-glycidoxyethyltrimethoxysilane, β

-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)propyltrimethoxysilane, β

-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethylmethyldimethoxysilane, isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane, isocyanatopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, γ

-cyanoethyltrimethousilane, β

-acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, β

-methacryloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 4-amino-3,3, -dimethylbutyltrimethoxysilane, n-ethyl-3-trimethoxysilyl-2-methylpropanamine, and mixtures thereof.

8. The insulated glass unit of claim 6 wherein the filler other than the organic nanoclay is selected from the group consisting of calcium carbonate, precipitated calcium carbonate, colloidal calcium carbonate, calcium carbonate treated with compounds stearate or stearic acid, fumed silica, precipitated silica, silica gels, hydrophobized silicas, hydrophilic silica gels, crushed quartz, ground quartz, alumina, aluminum hydroxide, titanium hydroxide, clay, kaolin, bentonite, montmorillonite, diatomaceous earth, iron oxide, carbon black and graphite, mica, talc, and mixtures thereof.

9. The insulated glass unit of claim 1 wherein the nonionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of copolymers of silicones and polyethers, and copolymers of silicones and copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.

10. The insulated glass unit of claim 1 wherein the non-ionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, copolymers of silicones and polyethers, copolymers of silicones and copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide and mixtures thereof.

11. The insulated glass unit of claim 1 wherein:

silanol-terminated diorganopolysiloxane (a) has the general formula;

M_aD_bD′

_c

wherein “

a”

is 2, and “

b”

is equal to or greater than 1 and “

c”

is zero or positive;

M is

(HO)_3-x-yR¹_xR²_ySiO_1/2

wherein “

x”

is 0, 1 or 2 and “

y”

is either 0 or 1, subject to the limitation that x+y is less than or is equal to 2, R¹ and R² each independently is a monovalent hydrocarbon group up to 60 carbon atoms;

D is

R³R⁴SiO_1/2;

wherein R³ and R⁴ each independently is a monovalent hydrocarbon group up to 60 carbon atoms; and

D′

is

R⁵R⁶SiO_2/2

wherein R⁵ and R⁶ each independently is a monovalent hydrocarbon group up to 60 carbon atoms;

catalyst (c) is a tin catalyst; and

,

nanoclay portion of organic nanoclay (d) is selected from the group consisting of montmorillonite, sodium montmorillonite, calcium montmorillonite, magnesium montmorillonite, nontronite, beidellite, volkonskoite, laponite, hectorite, saponite, sauconite, magadite, kenyaite, sobockite, svindordite, stevensite, vermiculite, halloysite, aluminate oxides, hydrotalcite, illite, rectorite, tarosovite, ledikite, kaolinite and, mixtures thereof, the nanoclay portion being treated by at least one tertiary amine compound R³ R⁴ R⁵N and/or quaternary ammonium compound R⁶ R⁷ R⁸R⁹N⁺ X⁻

wherein R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸, and R⁹ each independently is an alkyl, alkenyl or alkoxy silane group of up to 60 carbon atoms and X⁻

is an anion to provide the organic portion of the organic nanoclay (d).

12. The insulated glass unit of claim 1 wherein the insulating gas is selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and mixtures thereof.

13. The insulated glass unit of claim 1 wherein the solid polymer (e) is elastomeric and is selected from the group consisting of ethylene-propylene rubber, polybutadiene, polychloroprene, polyisoprene, styrene-butadiene-styrene, styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene, polymethylphenyl siloxane, and combinations thereof.

14. The insulated glass unit of claim 1, wherein each lateral side of said spacer unit is spaced apart from a respective sheet of glass so as to form a gap therebetween, both said gaps being partially filled with a primary sealant comprising a rubber based polymeric material and partially filled with said cured sealant composition.

15. The insulated glass unit of claim 14 wherein the primary sealant comprises one or more of polyisobutylene, butyl rubber, polysulfide, EPDM rubber, nitrile rubber, polyisobutylene/polyisoprene copolymers, polyisobutylene polymers, brominated olefin polymers, copolymers of polyisobutylene and para-methylstyrene, copolymers of polyisobutylene and brominated para-methylstyrene, butyl rubber-copolymer of isobutylene and isoprene, ethylene-propylene polymers, polysulfide polymers, polyurethane polymers, and styrene butadiene polymers.

16. The insulated glass unit of claim 14 wherein at least some of the cured sealant composition is disposed in adjacent contact with said end surface of the spacer and extending between said two sheets of glass such that at least a portion of the spacer is embedded in the cured sealant composition.

17. The insulated glass unit of claim 1 wherein the organic nanoclay includes layered particles having a lateral dimension of between 0.01 μ

m and 5 μ

m, and a thickness of from 0.5 nm to 10 nm.