N-way Doherty distributed power amplifier with power tracking

• US 8,274,332 B2
• Filed: 10/21/2009
• Issued: 09/25/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 04/23/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Dali Systems Co., Ltd., Law Offices Of James E. Eakin
• Original Assignee: Dali Systems Co., Ltd.
• Inventors: Cho, Kyoung Joon, Kim, Wan Jong, Stapleton, Shawn Patrick
• Primary Examiner(s): NGUYEN, HIEU P
• Application Number:
  US12/603,419
• Publication Number:
  US 20100176885A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,070 Days
• Field of Search: 330/136, 330/295, 330/124.R, 330/53, 330/84, 330/286
• US Class Current: 330/295
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/0261 with control of the polarisation voltage or current, e.g. gliding Class A
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/0288 using a main and one or several auxiliary peaking amplifiers whereby the load is connected to the main amplifier using an impedance inverter, e.g. Doherty amplifiers
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/56 Modifications of input or output impedances, not otherwise provided for
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/451 the amplifier being a radio frequency amplifier
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/21106 An input signal being distributed in parallel over the inputs of a plurality of power amplifiers
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/193 with field-effect devices H03F3/195 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/211 using a combination of several amplifiers H03F3/60 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/607 using FET's

Abstract

A power amplifier using N-way Doherty structure with adaptive bias supply power tracking for extending the efficiency region over the high peak-to-average power ratio of the multiplexing modulated signals such as wideband code division multiple access and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing is disclosed. In an embodiment, the present invention uses a dual-feed distributed structure to an N-way Doherty amplifier to improve the isolation between at least one main amplifier and at least one peaking amplifier and, and also to improve both gain and efficiency performance at high output back-off power. Hybrid couplers can be used at either or both of the input and output. In at least some implementations, circuit space is also conserved due to the integration of amplification, power splitting and combining.

Claims

1. A power tracking system for power amplifiers comprising:

an N-way Doherty distributed amplifier comprising a power splitter with a plurality of outputs and N amplifiers, wherein N is an integer of three or more and an output of the plurality of outputs is coupled to a plurality of the N amplifiers;

an RF input;

power detection circuitry responsive to a signal representative of the RF input; and

adaptive bias supply circuitry responsive to the power detection circuitry for adjusting DC bias applied to the N-way Doherty distributed amplifier in accordance with variations in the RF input.

2. The power tracking system of claim 1 wherein the RF input is single-ended dual-feed.

3. The power tracking system of claim 1 wherein the power detection circuitry and adaptive bias supply circuitry provide envelope tracking.

4. The power tracking system of claim 1 wherein the power detection circuitry and adaptive bias supply circuitry provide average power tracking.

5. The power tracking system of claim 1 wherein the power detection circuitry includes a digital signal processor.

6. The power tracking system of claim 1 wherein the power detection circuitry operates using analog signals.

7. The power tracking system of claim 6 wherein the power detection circuitry comprises a rectifier having a resistor-capacitor pair for setting a time constant.

8. The power tracking system of claim 1 wherein the adaptive bias supply circuit is coupled to a plurality of gate and drain terminals.

9. The power tracking system of claim 1 wherein the adaptive bias supply circuit is operable to output a plurality of gate biases.

10. The power tracking system of claim 1 wherein the adaptive bias supply circuit is configured to adjust gate biases of an amplifier and a shunt capacitor, the N-way Doherty distributed amplifier comprising the amplifier and shunt capacitor.

11. The power tracking system of claim 1 wherein the adaptive bias supply circuit is configured to adjust gate biases of a plurality of amplifiers and shunt capacitors, the N amplifiers of the N-way Doherty distributed amplifier comprising the plurality of peaking amplifiers and shunt capacitors.

12. The power tracking system of claim 1 further comprising an RF choke coupling the bias supply circuitry to an active device, the N-way Doherty distributed amplifier comprising the active device.

13. The power tracking system of claim 4 wherein the power detection circuitry comprises a logarithmic detector, a capacitor, and a rectifier.

14. The power tracking system of claim 1 wherein the power splitter is an M-way power splitter, M being less than N.

15. The power tracking system of claim 1 wherein the output provided to a first amplifier of the plurality of N amplifiers is processed by fewer signal-altering components as compared to the output provided to a second amplifier of the plurality of N amplifiers.

16. The power tracking system of claim 1 wherein a first amplifier of the plurality of N amplifiers directly receives the output and a second amplifier of the plurality of N amplifiers does not directly receive the output.

17. The power tracking system of claim 1 wherein the adaptive bias supply circuitry is configured to apply different biases to be associated with each of N amplifiers in the N-way Doherty distributed amplifier.

18. A method for processing an RF input, the method comprising:

dividing the RF input into a plurality of resultant signals;

routing at least one of the resultant signals to a main amplifier;

routing another of the resultant signals to a plurality of peaking amplifiers;

detecting a power variable of a signal representative of the RF input; and

adaptively controlling one or more bias voltages of at least one of the amplifiers based at least partly on the power variable,

wherein the main and peaking amplifiers are amplifiers in an N-way Doherty distributed amplifier.

19. The method of claim 18 wherein the at least one of the amplifiers comprises the main amplifier and the different peaking amplifiers.

20. The method of claim 18 wherein the one or more bias voltages are DC bias voltages.

21. The method of claim 18 wherein the one or more bias voltages comprise drain and gate bias voltages.

22. The method of claim 18 further comprising adaptively controlling one or more bias voltages of one or more shunt capacitors based at least partly on the power variable.

23. The method of claim 18 wherein the power variable comprises an average power.

24. The method of claim 18 wherein the power variable comprises an envelope.

25. The method of claim 18 wherein the another of the resultant signals provided to a first amplifier of the plurality of peaking amplifiers is processed by fewer signal-altering components as compared to the another of the resultant signals provided to a second amplifier of the plurality of peaking amplifiers.

26. The method of claim 18 wherein a first amplifier of the plurality of peaking amplifiers directly receives the another of the resultant signals and a second amplifier of the plurality of peaking amplifiers does not directly receive the another of the resultant signals.

27. The method of claim 18 wherein the one or more bias voltages comprises at least three different bias voltages.