Correction of a radioactivity measurement using particles from atmospheric source
First Claim
1. A method of determining an amount of radioactive material within a body of material, the method comprising:
- determining a preliminary measure of an amount of radioactive material within a body of material by directly and/or indirectly measuring emissions generated by the radioactive material;
detecting muons and/or electrons generated by muons which have not passed through the body of material to give a first value;
detecting muons and/or electrons generated by muons which have passed through the body of material to give a second value;
processing the first value and second value to determine a factor, the factor being an expression of density and being a function of the second value divided by a product of a calibration factor and the first value; and
applying the factor to the preliminary measure of the amount of radioactive material within the body of material to obtain a corrected measure of the amount of radioactive material within the body of material.
5 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
A method of correcting a measure of radioactive material within a body of material includes measuring a characteristic of the radioactive material to provide a measure, such as gamma emissions; detecting muons and/or electrons generated by muons which have not passed through the body of material to give a first value; detecting muons and/or electrons generated by muons which have passed through the body of material to give a second value; processing the first value and second value to give a factor, for instance indicative of the density of the body of material; and correcting the measure using the factor to obtain a corrected measure of the radioactive material with the body of material, for instance to correct for the density of the body of material and attendant issues such as attenuation and shielding.
17 Citations
36 Claims
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1. A method of determining an amount of radioactive material within a body of material, the method comprising:
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determining a preliminary measure of an amount of radioactive material within a body of material by directly and/or indirectly measuring emissions generated by the radioactive material; detecting muons and/or electrons generated by muons which have not passed through the body of material to give a first value; detecting muons and/or electrons generated by muons which have passed through the body of material to give a second value; processing the first value and second value to determine a factor, the factor being an expression of density and being a function of the second value divided by a product of a calibration factor and the first value; and applying the factor to the preliminary measure of the amount of radioactive material within the body of material to obtain a corrected measure of the amount of radioactive material within the body of material. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33)
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34. Apparatus for determining an amount of radioactive material within a body of material, the apparatus comprising:
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one or more detectors that measure a characteristic of radioactive material, the one or more detectors providing a preliminary measure of the amount of radioactive material within a body of material by directly and/or indirectly measuring emissions generated by the radioactive material; one or more first detectors positioned above a measuring location, the one or more first detectors detecting one or more types of particle from an atmospheric source which have not passed through the body of material to give a first value; one or more second detectors positioned below a measuring location, the one or more second detectors detecting one or more types of particle from an atmospheric source which have passed through the body of material to give a second value; a processor for processing the first value and second value to give a factor, wherein the factor is an expression of density and wherein the factor is a function of the second value divided by a product of a calibration factor and the first value, the processor further applying the factor to preliminary measure of the amount of radioactive material within the body of material to obtain a corrected measure of the amount of radioactive material within the body of material.
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35. A method of determining an amount of radioactive material within a body of material, the method comprising:
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determining a preliminary measure of an amount of radioactive material within a body of material by directly and/or indirectly measuring emissions generated by the radioactive material; using a second detector to detect one or more types of particle from an atmospheric source which have not passed through the body of material to give a first value; using a first detector to detect one or more types of particle from an atmospheric source which have passed through the second detector and the body of material to give a second value; processing the first value and second value to give a factor, the factor being an expression of density and being a function of the second value divided by a product of a calibration factor and the first value; and applying the factor to the preliminary measure of the amount of radioactive material within the body of material to obtain a corrected measure of the amount of radioactive material with the body of material.
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36. A method of establishing an error in a factor, the factor being used in a method of correcting a measure of radioactive material within a body of material, the method comprising:
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determining a preliminary measure of an amount of radioactive material within a body of material by directly and/or indirectly measuring emissions generated by the radioactive material; using a second detector to detect one or more types of particle from an atmospheric source which have not passed through the body of material to give a first value; using a first detector to detect one or more types of particle from an atmospheric source which have passed through the second detector and the body of material to give a second value; processing the first value and second value to give the factor, the factor being an expression of density and being a function of the second value divided by a product of a calibration factor and the first value; applying the factor to the preliminary measure of the amount of radioactive material within the body of material to obtain a corrected measure of the amount of radioactive material with the body of material; and determining the error in the factor by; considering the first value as being accurately measured, considering the calibration factor as being accurately known and considering the second value as being the first value multiplied by a probability, the probability being that of a particle contributing to the first value and to the second value.
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Specification