Methods and apparatus for bandwidth recovery in a network

• US 8,281,352 B2
• Filed: 05/15/2008
• Issued: 10/02/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 05/15/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Time Warner Cable Enterprises LLC (Charter Communications Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Time Warner Cable Inc. (Charter Communications Incorporated)
• Inventors: Brooks, Paul D., Gonder, Tom
• Primary Examiner(s): Saltarelli, Dominic D
• Application Number:
  US12/152,749
• Publication Number:
  US 20080320540A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,601 Days
• Field of Search: 725114-118, 725/95
• US Class Current: 725/95
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/0896 Bandwidth or capacity management, i.e. automatically increasing or decreasing capacities flow or congestion control using dynamic resource allocation, e.g. in-call renegotiation, H04L47/76
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/147 for predicting network behaviour
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/5051 Service on demand, e.g. definition and deployment of services in real time
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/5067 Customer-centric QoS measurements
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/509 wherein the managed service relates to media content delivery, e.g. audio, video or TV
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2385 Channel allocation H04N21/266 takes precedence; Bandwidth allocation H04N21/24 takes precedence ; allocation of channels according to the instantaneous demands of the users in time-division multiplex systems H04J3/1682; admission control, resource allocation in open networks H04L12/5692; arrangements for maintenance or administration in data switching networks involving bandwidth and capacity management H04L41/0896; negotiating bandwidth in wireless networks H04W28/16
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2402 Monitoring of the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. bandwidth available traffic monitoring in data switching networks H04L43/00; monitoring data switching networks utilization H04L43/0876
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/25833 involving client hardware characteristics, e.g. manufacturer, processing or storage capabilities allocation of resources considering hardware capabilities in multiprogramming arrangements G06F9/5044; allocation of resources considering software capabilities in multiprogramming arrangements G06F9/5055

Abstract

Methods and apparatus for recovery and/or utilization of bandwidth within a network. In one embodiment, the network comprises a switched architecture (e.g., broadcast switched) content-delivery network such as a cable television network. Reclamation, overflow, and/or triage logical processes are selectively applied in order to more efficiently manage bandwidth utilization within the network while maintaining user experience, and optionally achieve one or more business and/or operational goals.

Claims

1. In a switched content delivery network, a method of operating said network comprising:

receiving a request for content from at least one of a plurality of devices associated with said network;

determining a bandwidth deficiency, said bandwidth deficiency affecting an ability of said network to service said request; and

performing a bandwidth recovery process, said bandwidth recovery process being selected and performed such that an amount of bandwidth reclaimed is substantially proportional to a value of said bandwidth deficiency, said selection and performance of said bandwidth recovery process comprising;

if a bandwidth reclamation process may be performed, performing said reclamation process;

if said bandwidth reclamation process cannot be performed, performing an overflow process; and

if said overflow process cannot be preformed, performing a process for terminating one or more content streams without regard to a current use thereof.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said determining is performed substantially in response to said request.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein said determination of a bandwidth deficiency comprises determining whether an amount of available bandwidth is below a predetermined threshold.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein said selection comprises selection of said bandwidth reclamation process, said bandwidth reclamation process comprising:

characterizing individual ones of program streams currently provided to said plurality of devices in said network; and

stopping delivery of certain ones of said individual ones of said program streams for which no active viewers are found.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein selection comprises selection of said bandwidth reclamation process, said bandwidth reclamation process comprising consolidating bandwidth by relocating individual ones of program streams spread across available bandwidth.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein said selection comprises selection of said overflow process, said overflow process comprising obtaining temporary use of a portion of bandwidth equal to said bandwidth deficiency.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein said selection comprises selection of said process for tearing down one or more content streams without regard to a current use thereof, said process comprising tearing down one or more program streams according to a hierarchy.

8. A network server comprising:

an interface configured to receive a request for content from at least one of a plurality of devices in said network;

a processor;

a storage device operatively coupled to said processor; and

at least one computer program disposed on said storage device, said at least one computer program comprising a plurality of instructions configured to, when executed;

determine a bandwidth deficiency affecting an ability of said apparatus to provide said requested content to said at least one of said plurality of devices; and

based at least in part on said determination, selecting at least one of a plurality of bandwidth recovery processes, each of said processes comprising a different level of impact on said ability of said apparatus to provide said requested content to said at least one of said plurality of devices;

wherein said selecting of said at least one of said plurality of said bandwidth recovery processes comprises selection thereof in an escalating level of impact on said provided services based at least in part on a severity of said bandwidth deficiency determined by said act determination of a bandwidth deficiency.

9. The network server of claim 8, wherein said network comprises a broadcast switched content delivery network having a plurality of switches disposed at respective ones of switching hubs, said network server being adapted to control at least a portion of the operation of at least one of said switches.

10. The network server of claim 8, wherein said interface is further in data communication with a global session resource manager (GSRM) of said network.

11. The network server of claim 8, wherein:

said plurality of bandwidth recovery processes include at least;

(i) a bandwidth reclamation process;

(ii) a bandwidth overflow request process; and

(iii) a process for tearing down one or more content streams without regard to a current use thereof; and

said plurality of bandwidth recovery processes are applied hierarchically according to said different levels of impact on said ability of said apparatus to provide said requested content to said at least one of said plurality of devices.

12. A method of managing bandwidth in a switched digital content distribution network, comprising:

receiving a request for content from a first one of a plurality of user devices in said network;

identifying a bandwidth deficiency;

identifying at least one stream for which a last user activity taken with respect thereto was more than a predetermined time prior to said evaluation;

determining a service level for said at least one stream;

based at least in part on said service level and said last user activity, requesting a temporary reclamation of at least a portion of bandwidth allocated to said at least one stream;

if said temporary reclamation of at least said portion of said bandwidth allocated to said at least one stream is granted, providing said requested content to said first user device; and

immediately reclaiming said additional available bandwidth from said first user device after a predetermined time from a last user activity taken with respect to said content at said first user device.

13. The method of claim 12, further comprising identifying and consolidating fragmented bandwidth.

14. The method of claim 12, further comprising querying a user associated with said at least one stream in order to determine actual viewing thereof, said act of reclaiming said bandwidth being further based at least in part on a response to said query.

15. A method of managing bandwidth in a switched digital network, comprising:

receiving a request for content from a first one of a plurality of user devices in said network;

determining that an available bandwidth is not sufficient to service said request;

requesting temporary access to additional available bandwidth;

if said temporary access to said additional available bandwidth is granted, providing said requested content to said first user device; and

immediately reclaiming said additional available bandwidth from said first user device after a predetermined time from a last user activity taken with respect to said content at said first user device.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein said grant of said temporary access to said additional bandwidth comprises access to a portion thereof equal to an amount necessary to service said request for said content.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein if said temporary access to said additional available bandwidth is not granted, utilizing at least one scheme for determining a hierarchy for tearing down use of one or more program streams in order to service said request.

18. A method of managing bandwidth in a switched digital network, comprising:

determining a condition of insufficient bandwidth to accommodate current demands on a network;

implementing at least one process configured to provide sufficient bandwidth with minimal affect on a level of service currently provided to users in said network by taking into account current use of one or more streams distributed on said bandwidth; and

if said at least one process cannot provide sufficient bandwidth with said minimal affect on said level of service, determining at least one of said one or more streams distributed on said bandwidth to teardown without regard to said current use thereof.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein said at least one process configured to provide sufficient bandwidth with minimal affect on a level of service currently provided to said users comprises at least one of:

a process for reclamation of bandwidth;

a process for consolidation of fragmented bandwidth; and

/or

a process for requesting temporary access to additional bandwidth.

20. The method of claim 18, wherein said act of taking into account current use of one or more streams distributed on said bandwidth comprises providing a message requiring response from viewers of said one or more streams.