Self assembly of elements for displays

• US 8,284,120 B2
• Filed: 06/05/2006
• Issued: 10/09/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 03/11/2005
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Enterprise Science Fund, LLC (Intellectual Ventures LLC)
• Original Assignee: The Invention Science Fund I, L.L.C. (Intellectual Ventures LLC)
• Inventors: Hillis, W. Daniel, Myhrvold, Nathan P., Tegreene, Clarence T., Wood, Lowell L. Jr., Wood, Victoria Y. H.
• Primary Examiner(s): Awad, Amr
• Assistant Examiner(s): Pervan, Michael
• Application Number:
  US11/447,611
• Publication Number:
  US 20060264144A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,318 Days
• Field of Search: 257 88- 89, 349/45, 438/4, 438 14- 17, 438 22- 47, 445/45, 977/883, 345/55
• US Class Current: 345/55
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 2300/0452 Details of colour pixel setup, e.g. pixel composed of a red, a blue and two green components
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 2330/10 Dealing with defective pixels
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 3/03 specially adapted for displays having non-planar surfaces, e.g. curved displays
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 3/035 for flexible display surfaces
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 3/20 for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 3/2085 Special arrangements for addressing the individual elements of the matrix, other than by driving respective rows and columns in combination
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 3/2088 with use of a plurality of processors, each processor controlling a number of individual elements of the matrix
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2224/95085 being a liquid, e.g. for fluidic self-assembly
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2224/95145 Electrostatic alignment, i.e. polarity alignment with Coulomb charges
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 24/95 at chip-level, i.e. with connecting carried out on a plurality of singulated devices, i.e. on diced chips
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 25/50 Multistep manufacturing processes of assemblies consisting of devices, each device being of a type provided for in group H01L27/00 or H01L29/00 H01L21/50 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/00 Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/01005 Boron [B]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/01006 Carbon [C]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/01013 Aluminum [Al]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/01033 Arsenic [As]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/01074 Tungsten [W]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/01075 Rhenium [Re]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/01082 Lead [Pb]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/12041 LED
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/12044 : OLED
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/14 : Integrated circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/1433 : Application-specific integrated circuit [ASIC]

Abstract

Various embodiments of methods and systems for designing and constructing displays from multiple light emitting elements are disclosed. Display elements having different light emitting and self-organizing characteristics may be used during display assembly.

Claims

1. A multi-color display comprising a plurality of display elements in a self-organized array disposed on a substrate;

wherein said plurality of display elements is comprised of two or more colors of display elements self-organized by color so that each said display element has at least one nearest neighbor that is of a different color; and

wherein display elements of each color are characterized by at least one surface or shape property that more preferentially interacts with at least one complementary surface or shape property on display elements of a different color and less preferentially interacts with the same said at least one surface or shape property on display elements of the same said color.

2. The multi-color display of claim 1, wherein said substrate comprises a planar surface on which said self-organized array is disposed.

3. The multi-color display of claim 1, wherein said substrate comprises a non-planar surface on which said self-organized array is disposed.

4. The multi-color display of claim 1, wherein said substrate comprises a surface having a surface characteristic that influences the orientation of said display elements with respect to said surface.

5. The multi-color display of claim 1, wherein said substrate comprises a surface having a surface characteristic that influences the spatial distribution of display elements of different colors with respect to said surface.

6. The multi-color display of claim 5, wherein said surface characteristic includes one or more of a surface charge, surface energy, magnetic property, binding affinity of a biomolecule, surface shape, or surface texture.

7. The multi-color display of claim 1, wherein said substrate comprises contacts for sending power or data signals to one or more of said display elements.

8. The multi-color display of claim 1, wherein the color of a display element is determined by its light emission properties.

9. The multi-color display of claim 1, wherein the color of a display element is determined by its light reflecting properties.

10. The multi-color display of claim 1, wherein the color of a display element is determined by its light absorbing properties.

11. The multi-color display of claim 1, wherein the color of a display element is determined by its light filtering properties.

12. The multi-color display of claim 1, wherein the color of a display element is determined by its light scattering properties.

13. A multi-color display comprising a plurality of display elements in a self-organized array, each said display element including a light emitting element responsive to a control signal;

wherein said plurality of display elements is comprised of two or more colors of display elements self-organized by color so that each said display element has at least one nearest neighbor that is of a different color; and

wherein display elements of each color are characterized by at least one surface or shape property that more preferentially interacts with at least one complementary surface or shape property on display elements of a different color and less preferentially interacts with the same said at least one surface or shape property on display elements of the same said color.

14. The multi-color display of claim 13, wherein said light emitting element is directly responsive to said control signal.

15. The multi-color display of claim 13, wherein said light emitting element is responsive to said control signal following processing of said control signal by electronic or optical circuitry.

16. The multi-color display of claim 13, wherein said light emitting element emits light in response to said control signal.

17. The multi-color display of claim 13, wherein said light emitting element stops emitting light in response to said control signal.

18. The multi-color display of claim 13, wherein said control signal includes electromagnetic radiation.

19. The multi-color display of claim 13, wherein said control signal includes an electrical potential or current.

20. The multi-color display of claim 13, wherein said control signal includes an optical signal.

21. The multi-color display of claim 13, wherein said control signal includes a chemical, electrochemical, or biochemical signal.

22. A multi-color display comprising a plurality of display elements in a self-organized array;

wherein said plurality of display elements is comprised of two or more colors of display elements self-organized by color so that each said display element has at least one nearest neighbor that is of a different color;

wherein a display element of a respective color in said self-organized array includes a light emitting element capable of emitting light in a respective range corresponding to said respective color in response to a control signal and a carrier in which said light emitting element is housed, said carrier characterized by at least one respective surface or shape property and conferring said at least one respective surface or shape property on said display element; and

wherein said at least one respective surface or shape property on said display element of a respective color more preferentially interacts with at least one complementary surface or shape property on display elements of a different respective color and less preferentially interacts with the same said at least one respective surface or shape property on display elements of the same said respective color.

23. The multi-color display of claim 22, wherein said carrier comprises a polymeric material.

24. The multi-color display of claim 22, wherein said carrier comprises a semiconductor material.

25. The multi-color display of claim 22, wherein said light emitting element is formed integrally with said carrier.

26. The multi-color display of claim 22, wherein said light emitting element is formed separately from said carrier and subsequently integrated into said carrier.

27. The multi-color display of claim 26, wherein said carrier comprises a coating on said light emitting element.

28. The multi-color display of claim 26, wherein said light emitting element is disposed in a recess in said carrier.

29. The multi-color display of claim 26, wherein said light emitting element is attached to said carrier.