Segmentation and transmission of audio streams

• US 8,285,809 B2
• Filed: 12/12/2006
• Issued: 10/09/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 12/13/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Audio Pod IP, LLC (Audio Pod Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Audio Pod Inc.
• Inventors: McCue, John, McCue, Robert, Shostakovsky, Gregory, McCue, Glenn
• Primary Examiner(s): Chan, Wing
• Assistant Examiner(s): Baturay, Alicia
• Application Number:
  US12/096,933
• Publication Number:
  US 20080301318A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,128 Days
• Field of Search: 709/219, 709/217
• US Class Current: 709/217
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 25/78 Detection of presence or absence of voice signals switching of direction of transmission by voice frequency in two-way loud-speaking telephone systems H04M9/10
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/1101 Session protocols
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/60 Network streaming of media packets
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/61 for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/613 for the control of the source by the destination control signals issued by the client directed to the server or network components specially adapted for selective content distribution H04N21/637
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/65 Network streaming protocols, e.g. real-time transport protocol [RTP] or real-time control protocol [RTCP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/70 Media network packetisation
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/762 at the source reformatting of additional data in video distribution servers H04N21/2355
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/01 Protocols

Abstract

A system, method and computer-readable code for segmenting an audio stream into a plurality of small digital audio files using gaps in the natural language of the audio stream is provided. The small digital audio files are transmitted, loaded, and played in a specific order, such that from the user'"'"'s perspective, the audio stream is reproduced in an apparently seamless manner. This is done without reassembling the audio stream, either in whole or in part. The small digital audio files are created using natural language gaps, and are generally small enough to ensure that a first small digital audio file can be downloaded and played without significant delay, while successive small digital audio files are downloaded to be played in the future. Accordingly, the user receives audio-on-demand in a timely manner.

Claims

1. A method of providing files for storage in a network accessible library for use in transmission of digital audio data, the method comprising the steps of:

a) analyzing an audio stream to locate natural language gaps in the audio stream and segmenting the audio stream into a plurality of small digital audio files in dependence upon the located natural language gaps;

b) determining at least one of a start time, an end time, and a play time of each small digital audio file within the audio stream;

c) creating a descriptor for identifying the audio stream and for ordering the plurality of small digital audio files, the descriptor including the at least one of a start time, an end time, and a play time of each small digital audio file within the audio stream, and including at least one of a title, subtitle, author, theme, plot, performer, publisher, copyright holder, ISBN number, and ‘

Vchip’

rating of the audio stream,

wherein the descriptor is for use with a media player for successively playing the plurality of small digital audio files to reproduce an experience of a contiguous audio stream without reconstruction of the audio stream, and

wherein a client including the media player is for determining numeric values representing current time offsets into the audio stream while successively playing the plurality of small digital audio files, for creating bookmarks using the current time offsets and information in the descriptor for identifying the audio stream, for determining an amount of memory available, for obtaining a list of small digital audio files currently resident within the client, and for purging a plurality of small digital audio files in the list in dependence upon at least one of a current time offset in the audio stream and a bookmarked time offset.

2. A method according to claim 1, wherein analyzing the audio stream to locate natural language gaps includes searching for a frame, which when played, has a decibel level below a predetermined limit, and wherein segmenting the audio stream into the plurality of small digital audio files includes writing content to form the plurality of small digital audio files such that the plurality of small audio files includes small audio files having different sizes.

3. A method according to claim 1, wherein step (c) includes manually entering at least one of internal media marks and a network location of the plurality of small digital audio files into the descriptor, the internal media marks including a label and a time offset into the audio stream corresponding to at least one of a table of contents, chapter markers, a content index, a list of figures, a list of illustrations, a list of tables, footnotes, quotations, and cross-references.

4. A method for transmission of digital audio data, the method comprising the steps of:

a) selecting an audio stream, the audio stream analyzed to locate natural language gaps in the audio stream and segmented into a plurality of small digital audio files in dependence upon the located natural language gaps;

b) determining a first small digital audio file in the plurality of small digital audio files to be transmitted using a descriptor, the descriptor including at least one of a start time, an end time, and a play time of each small digital audio file;

c) transmitting the first small digital audio file from a server to a client; and

d) using a media player and the descriptor, successively playing the plurality of small digital audio files beginning with the first small digital audio file to reproduce an experience of a contiguous audio stream without reconstruction of the audio stream,

and comprising;

determining numeric values representing current time offsets into the audio stream, while successfully playing the plurality of small digital audio files;

creating a first bookmark using a first current time offset and information in the descriptor for identifying the audio stream;

determining an amount of memory available;

obtaining a list of small digital audio files currently resident within the client; and

purging a plurality of small digital audio files in the list in dependence upon at least one of the first current time offset, a second other current time offset, and a bookmarked time offset.

5. A method according to claim 4, wherein step d) comprises the step of:

transmitting a second small digital audio file in the plurality of small digital audio files from the server to the client while playing the first small digital audio file.

6. A method according to claim 4, wherein step (a) comprises selecting the audio stream using a second bookmark.

7. A method according to claim 4, wherein step (b) comprises the step of using a time offset from one of the descriptor and a second bookmark to select the first small digital audio file to be transmitted.

8. A method according to claim 7, wherein step (d) comprises the step of using the time offset to determine a local time offset within the first small digital audio file from which to begin playback.

9. A method according to claim 7, comprising the step of using another time offset to rewind or fast forward through the audio stream.

10. A method according to claim 4, wherein a predetermined value is subtracted from the current time offset.

11. A method according to claim 4, wherein step (b) comprises using a unique identifier that is stored on a network based server to provide a list of network-based resources for providing the descriptor.

12. A method according to claim 11, wherein the unique identifier is obtained from one of a bookmark structure, a card catalog structure, and an advertising structure.

13. A method according to claim 11, comprising the steps of:

transmitting the unique identifier from the client to the network based server; and

,

receiving the list of network-based resources from the network based server, the network based server obtaining the list by searching a database to find a reference structure identified by the unique identifier.

14. A method according to claim 4, comprising the steps of:

maintaining a list of servers for providing the plurality of small digital audio files and historical transfer rates thereof;

comparing the historical transfer rate for each server;

selecting a server in the list in dependence upon the compared historical transfer rates;

initializing a floating average value representing transaction rate;

monitoring transaction times for the selected server and updating the floating average transaction rate;

increasing the floating average transfer rate by a predetermined large value in dependence upon an unavailability of the selected server;

updating the historical transfer rate for the selected server in dependence upon the floating average transaction rate exceeding a predetermined value; and

calculating an average value of the historical transfer rates for all servers on the list of servers and subtracting a predetermined small value from the historical transfer rate for each server that has an historical value exceeding the calculated average.

15. A method according to claim 4, wherein the natural language gaps include gaps between words read from a same paragraph, and wherein the natural language gap include periods of silence at punctuation marks.

16. A method for creating a bookmark for use in transmission of digital audio data, comprising the steps of:

a) selecting an audio stream, the audio stream analyzed to locate natural language gaps in the audio stream and segmented into a plurality of small digital audio files in dependence upon the located natural language gaps, the plurality of small digital audio files stored on at least one network accessible server;

b) using a descriptor of the audio stream and a media player, successively playing the plurality of small digital audio files to reproduce an experience of a contiguous audio stream without reconstruction of the audio stream, the descriptor including at least one of a start time, an end time, and a play time of the plurality of small digital audio files;

c) determining a numeric value representing a first current time offset into the audio stream while playing a small digital audio file;

d) creating a bookmark using the first current time offset and information in the descriptor for identifying the audio stream;

wherein a client including the media player is for determining an amount of memory available, for obtaining a list of small digital audio files currently resident within the client, and for purging a plurality of small digital audio files in the list in dependence upon at least one of the first current time offset, a second other current time offset in the audio stream, and a bookmarked time offset.

17. A method according to claim 16, comprising the steps of using the time offset and the descriptor to begin play of the audio stream from the bookmarked position.

18. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium including computer readable code, which when executed by a computer, causes said computer to:

download at least part of a selected audio stream stored on a network accessible server, the selected audio stream stored as a plurality of small digital audio files, each small digital audio file corresponding to a segment of the selected audio stream bounded by natural language gaps in the selected audio stream; and

begin playing the selected audio stream using a media player in less than about 5 seconds,

wherein play of the selected audio stream includes successively playing the plurality of small digital audio files to reproduce an experience of a contiguous audio stream without reconstruction of the audio stream,

wherein play is begun from a predetermined position within the selected audio stream, the predetermined position determined using a time offset in the selected audio stream, the time offset obtained from one of a bookmark, a catalog index, and an advertising structure and

wherein a client including the media player is for determining numeric values representing current time offsets into the audio stream while successively playing the plurality of small digital audio files, for creating bookmarks using the current time offsets and information in the descriptor for identifying the audio stream, for determining an amount of memory available, for obtaining a list of small digital audio files currently resident within the client, and for purging a plurality of small digital audio files in the list in dependence upon at least one of a current time offset in the audio stream and a bookmarked time offset.