Two-layer switch apparatus avoiding first layer inter-switch traffic in steering packets through the apparatus

• US 8,289,977 B2
• Filed: 06/10/2009
• Issued: 10/16/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 06/10/2009
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Belanger, Matthew T., Shippy, Gary R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Sheikh, Ayaz
• Assistant Examiner(s): Sloms, Nicholas
• Application Number:
  US12/481,678
• Publication Number:
  US 20100316055A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,224 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 370/396
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/60 Router architectures
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/15 Interconnection of switching modules
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/1523 Parallel switch fabric planes

Abstract

Link-level data communications implemented in switching apparatus comprising modular switches disposed within a modular computer cabinet that includes modular computer systems; the switching apparatus configured as two layers of switches, the first layer switches coupled to one another for communications by inter-switch links, each second layer switch coupled for communications to the modular computer systems; all the switches stacked by a stacking protocol that shares administrative configuration information among the switches through the inter-switch links and presents all the switches as a single logical switch; the switching apparatus including ports coupling the apparatus to networks and to service applications and terminating applications on the modular computer systems; and sending the packet from network to modular computer system to which the packet is directed, or from modular computer system to network to which the packet is directed, the packet traversing none of the inter-switch links among the first layer switches.

Claims

1. A method of link-level data communications,

the method carried out in link-level data communications switching apparatus, the switching apparatus comprising modular link-level data communications switches disposed within a modular computer cabinet, the modular computer cabinet also having disposed within it a plurality of modular computer systems;

the switching apparatus configured as two layers of link-level data communications switches, a first layer and a second layer, the first layer switches coupled for data communications to data communications networks, the first layer switches also coupled to one another for link-level data communications by inter-switch links, each first layer switch also coupled for link-level data communications to each of the second layer switches, each second layer switch coupled for link-level data communications to at least one of the modular computer systems so that each second layer switch provides data communications connections to the switching apparatus only for service applications in the modular computer system to which a second layer switch is coupled;

all the switches stacked by a stacking protocol that shares administrative configuration information among the switches through the inter-switch links and presents all the switches in the switching apparatus to the networks and to the modular computer systems as a single logical switch;

the switching apparatus further comprises a plurality of data communications ports, at least one of the ports coupling the switching apparatus to at least one data communications network, at least one additional port connected to an application running on at least one of the modular computer systems that carry out processing of data communications packets traveling from the network(s), each application associated with a unique, link-level identifier;

the switching apparatus further comprises rules governing the steering of data communications among service applications between networks connected to the switching apparatus and terminating applications connected to the switching apparatus, each rule comprising an association of an ingress port and a switch egress,

the method comprising;

receiving, in the switching apparatus through an ingress port from a source network, data communications packets directed to a modular computer system that is running at least one of the applications, each such packet containing a source network address that identifies the source of the packet in the source network, each such packet also containing a destination network address that identifies a destination of the packet in the modular computer system;

sending the packets by the switching apparatus to the modular computer system to which the packet is directed, the packets traversing none of the inter-switch links among the first layer switches including;

steering by the switching apparatus each such packet among the service applications and toward the destination modular computer system, such steering carried out only in accordance with the rules, without using the link-level identifier of any service application, steering none of the packets directed to a destination modular computer system through any of the inter-switch links among the first layer switches;

steering by the switching apparatus, in the absence of a rule, each such packet through an egress port to the destination modular computer system, such steering carried out in accordance with traditional packet forwarding using the link-level identifier of the terminal application, steering none of the packets directed to a destination network through any of the inter-switch links among the first layer switches;

receiving, in the switching apparatus through an ingress port from an application on a modular computer system, packets directed to a device on a destination network, each such packet containing a source network address that identifies the source of the packet in the modular computer system, each such packet also containing a destination network address that identifies a destination of the packet in the destination network; and

sending the packets by the switching apparatus to the destination network to which the packets are directed, the packets traversing none of the inter-switch links among the first layer switches, including;

steering by the switching apparatus each such packet among the service applications and toward the destination network, such steering carried out only in accordance with the rules, without using the link-level identifier of any service application, steering none of the packets directed to a destination network through any of the inter-switch links among the first layer switches; and

steering by the switching apparatus, in the absence of a rule, each such packet through an egress port to the destination network, such steering carried out in accordance with traditional packet forwarding using the link-level identifier of the network device, steering none of the packets directed to a destination network through any of the inter-switch links among the first layer switches.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein at least some of the first layer switches are incorporated in one or more link aggregation groups for data communications with the networks, each link aggregation group presenting to at least one of the networks multiple physical links as a single logical link.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein:

the switching apparatus is configured, for at least some of the service applications, with two ports coupled to each such service application, one port for egress of packets from the switching apparatus to such service applications the packets directed toward a terminating application, and ingress of packets from the service application the packets directed toward a network; and

another port for egress of packets from the switching apparatus to such service applications the packets directed toward a network, and ingress of packets from such service applications the packets directed toward a terminating application; and

steering each packet among the service applications further comprises steering each packet from the switching apparatus to such a service application through a separate egress port, each such service application carrying out its data processing related to each packet and then returning each packet to the switching apparatus through a separate ingress port.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein:

the switching apparatus is configured, for at least some of the service applications, with only one port coupled to each such service application; and

steering each packet among the service applications further comprises steering each packet from the switching apparatus to such a service application through the one port coupling such a service application to the switching apparatus, each such service application carrying out its data processing related to each packet and then returning each packet to the switching apparatus through the one port.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein steering each packet among the applications further comprises, upon receiving a packet through an ingress port from a source network or application in a modular computer system, selecting, in dependence upon the ingress port through which the packet was received, a rule that governs steering the packet to a switch egress.

6. Apparatus for link-level data communications, the apparatus comprising:

a link-level data communications switching apparatus, the switching apparatus comprising modular link-level data communications switches disposed within a modular computer cabinet, the modular computer cabinet also having disposed within it a plurality of modular computer systems;

the switching apparatus configured as two layers of link-level data communications switches, a first layer and a second layer, the first layer switches coupled for data communications to data communications networks, the first layer switches also coupled to one another for link-level data communications by inter-switch links, each first layer switch also coupled for link-level data communications to each of the second layer switches, each second layer switch coupled for link-level data communications to at least one of the modular computer systems so that each second layer switch provides data communications connections to the switching apparatus only for service applications in the modular computer system to which a second layer switch is coupled;

all the switches stacked by a stacking protocol that shares administrative configuration information among the switches through the inter-switch links and presents all the switches in the switching apparatus to the networks and to the modular computer systems as a single logical switch;

the switching apparatus further comprises a plurality of data communications ports, at least one of the ports coupling the switching apparatus to at least one data communications network, at least one additional port connected to an application running on at least one of the modular computer systems that carry out processing of data communications packets traveling from the networks, each application associated with a unique, link-level identifier;

the switching apparatus further comprises rules governing the steering of data communications among service applications between networks connected to the switching apparatus and terminating applications connected to the switching apparatus, each rule comprising an association of an ingress port and a switch egress,

the apparatus configured to carry out the steps of;

receiving, in the switching apparatus through an ingress port from a source network, data communications packets directed to a modular computer system that is running at least one of the applications, each such packet containing a source network address that identifies the source of the packet in the source network, each such packet also containing a destination network address that identifies a destination of the packet in the modular computer system;

sending the packets by the switching apparatus to the modular computer system to which the packet is directed, the packets traversing none of the inter-switch links among the first layer switches including;

steering by the switching apparatus each such packet among the service applications and toward the destination modular computer system, such steering carried out only in accordance with the rules, without using the link-level identifier of any service application, steering none of the packets directed to a destination modular computer system through any of the inter-switch links among the first layer switches;

steering by the switching apparatus, in the absence of a rule, each such packet through an egress port to the destination modular computer system, such steering carried out in accordance with traditional packet forwarding using the link-level identifier of the terminal application, steering none of the packets directed to a destination network through any of the inter-switch links among the first layer switches;

receiving, in the switching apparatus through an ingress port from an application on a modular computer system, packets directed to a device on a destination network, each such packet containing a source network address that identifies the source of the packet in the modular computer system, each such packet also containing a destination network address that identifies a destination of the packet in the destination network; and

sending the packets by the switching apparatus to the destination network to which the packets are directed, the packets traversing none of the inter-switch links among the first layer switches, including;

steering by the switching apparatus each such packet among the service applications and toward the destination network, such steering carried out only in accordance with the rules, without using the link-level identifier of any service application, steering none of the packets directed to a destination network through any of the inter-switch links among the first layer switches; and

steering by the switching apparatus, in the absence of a rule, each such packet through an egress port to the destination network, such steering carried out in accordance with traditional packet forwarding using the link-level identifier of the network device, steering none of the packets directed to a destination network through any of the inter-switch links among the first layer switches.

7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein at least some of the first layer switches are incorporated in one or more link aggregation groups for data communications with the networks, each link aggregation group presenting to at least one of the networks multiple physical links as a single logical link.

8. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein:

the switching apparatus is configured, for at least some of the service applications, with two ports coupled to each such service application, one port for egress of packets from the switching apparatus to such service applications the packets directed toward a terminating application, and ingress of packets from the service application the packets directed toward a network; and

another port for egress of packets from the switching apparatus to such service applications the packets directed toward a network, and ingress of packets from such service applications the packets directed toward a terminating application; and

steering each packet among the service applications further comprises steering each packet from the switching apparatus to such a service application through a separate egress port, each such service application carrying out its data processing related to each packet and then returning each packet to the switching apparatus through a separate ingress port.

9. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein:

the switching apparatus is configured, for at least some of the service applications, with only one port coupled to each such service application; and

steering each packet among the service applications further comprises steering each packet from the switching apparatus to such a service application through the one port coupling such a service application to the switching apparatus, each such service application carrying out its data processing related to each packet and then returning each packet to the switching apparatus through the one port.

10. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein steering each packet among the applications further comprises, upon receiving a packet through an ingress port from a source network or application in a modular computer system, selecting, in dependence upon the ingress port through which the packet was received, a rule that governs steering the packet to a switch egress.

11. A computer program product for link-level data communications carried out in link-level data communications switching apparatus, the computer program product disposed in a recordable storage medium for machine-readable information, wherein the recordable storage medium is not a signal,

the switching apparatus comprising modular link-level data communications switches disposed within a modular computer cabinet, the modular computer cabinet also having disposed within it a plurality of modular computer systems;

the switching apparatus configured as two layers of link-level data communications switches, a first layer and a second layer, the first layer switches coupled for data communications to data communications networks, the first layer switches also coupled to one another for link-level data communications by inter-switch links, each first layer switch also coupled for link-level data communications to each of the second layer switches, each second layer switch coupled for link-level data communications to at least one of the modular computer systems so that each second layer switch provides data communications connections to the switching apparatus only for service applications in the modular computer system to which a second layer switch is coupled;

all the switches stacked by a stacking protocol that shares administrative configuration information among the switches through the inter-switch links and presents all the switches in the switching apparatus to the networks and to the modular computer systems as a single logical switch;

the switching apparatus further comprises a plurality of data communications ports, at least one of the ports coupling the switching apparatus to at least one data communications network, at least one additional port connected to an applications running on at least one of the modular computer systems that carry out processing of data communications packets traveling from the networks, each application associated with a unique, link-level identifier;

the switching apparatus further comprises rules governing the steering of data communications among service applications between networks connected to the switching apparatus and terminating applications connected to the switching apparatus, each rule comprising an association of an ingress port and a switch egress,

the computer program product comprising computer program instructions which, when executed by a data communications processor, cause the switching apparatus to carry out the steps of;

receiving, in the switching apparatus through an ingress port from a source network, data communications packets directed to a modular computer system that is running at least one of the applications, each such packet containing a source network address that identifies the source of the packet in the source network, each such packet also containing a destination network address that identifies a destination of the packet in the modular computer system;

sending the packets by the switching apparatus to the modular computer system to which the packet is directed, the packets traversing none of the inter-switch links among the first layer switches including;

steering by the switching apparatus each such packet among the service applications and toward the destination modular computer system, such steering carried out only in accordance with the rules, without using the link-level identifier of any service application, steering none of the packets directed to a destination modular computer system through any of the inter-switch links among the first layer switches;

steering by the switching apparatus, in the absence of a rule, each such packet through an egress port to the destination modular computer system, such steering carried out in accordance with traditional packet forwarding using the link-level identifier of the terminal application, steering none of the packets directed to a destination network through any of the inter-switch links among the first layer switches;

receiving, in the switching apparatus through an ingress port from an application on a modular computer system, packets directed to a device on a destination network, each such packet containing a source network address that identifies the source of the packet in the modular computer system, each such packet also containing a destination network address that identifies a destination of the packet in the destination network; and

sending the packets by the switching apparatus to the destination network to which the packets are directed, the packets traversing none of the inter-switch links among the first layer switches, including;

steering by the switching apparatus each such packet among the service applications and toward the destination network, such steering carried out only in accordance with the rules, without using the link-level identifier of any service application, steering none of the packets directed to a destination network through any of the inter-switch links among the first layer switches; and

steering by the switching apparatus, in the absence of a rule, each such packet through an egress port to the destination network, such steering carried out in accordance with traditional packet forwarding using the link-level identifier of the network device, steering none of the packets directed to a destination network through any of the inter-switch links among the first layer switches.

12. The computer program product of claim 11 wherein at least some of the first layer switches are incorporated in one or more link aggregation groups for data communications with the networks, each link aggregation group presenting to at least one of the networks multiple physical links as a single logical link.

13. The computer program product of claim 11 wherein:

the switching apparatus is configured, for at least some of the service applications, with two ports coupled to each such service application, one port for egress of packets from the switching apparatus to such service applications the packets directed toward a terminating application, and ingress of packets from the service application the packets directed toward a network; and

another port for egress of packets from the switching system to such service application the packets directed toward a network, and ingress of packets from such service applications the packets directed toward a terminating application; and

steering each packet among the service applications further comprises steering each packet from the switching apparatus to such a service application through a separate egress port, each such service application carrying out its data processing related to each packet and then returning each packet to the switching apparatus through a separate ingress port.

14. The computer program product of claim 11 wherein:

the switching apparatus is configured, for at least some of the service applications, with only one port coupled to each such service application; and

steering each packet among the service applications further comprises steering each packet from the switching apparatus to such a service application through the one port coupling such a service application to the switching apparatus, each such service application carrying out its data processing related to each packet and then returning each packet to the switching apparatus through the one port.

15. The computer program product of claim 11 wherein steering each packet among the applications further comprises, upon receiving a packet through an ingress port from a source network or application in a modular computer system, selecting, in dependence upon the ingress port through which the packet was received, a rule that governs steering the packet to a switch egress.