Proximity based selection of an implantable medical device for far field communication

• US 8,301,110 B2
• Filed: 01/13/2010
• Issued: 10/30/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 01/13/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Original Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Inventors: Roberts, Earle T., Villalta, Donald L., Ali, Irfan Z., Raghavendran, Sudheendhar, Torgerson, Nathan A., Sipple, Garrett R., Slack, David S
• Primary Examiner(s): Dao, Minh D
• Application Number:
  US12/686,994
• Publication Number:
  US 20110171905A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,021 Days
• Field of Search: 455/404.1, 455/41.2, 455/421, 455/414.1, 455/404.2, 455/456.1, 607/32, 607/60
• US Class Current: 455/404.1
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37252 Details of algorithms or data aspects of communication system, e.g. handshaking, transmitting specific data or segmenting data
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2209/805 Lightweight hardware, e.g. radio-frequency identification [RFID] or sensor
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2209/88 Medical equipments
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/3271 using challenge-response

Abstract

Devices and systems provide for proximity based selection of an implantable medical device for far field communication with an external device. By using a proximity communication that is limited to the IMD of interest during the selection process, the external device can eliminate those IMDs that are in range of far field communications but are able to receive the proximity communication. Thus, information may be shared via a proximity communication that is validated via a far field communication, or shared via a far field communication as a challenge and then validated via a proximity communication. The proximity communication may be used to initially limit the number of devices that respond to a discovery request and then subsequently used to select the intended implantable medical device as well as automatically select the appropriate therapy application corresponding to the selected IMD.

Claims

1. A method of establishing communication between an external device and an implantable medical device, comprising:

monitoring for a proximity communication;

receiving the proximity communication;

monitoring for a far field discovery communication that specifies that a far field response communication be provided if the proximity communication is detected;

receiving the far field discovery communication;

if the far field discovery communication is received within a pre-defined time from receiving the proximity communication, then responding to the far field discovery communication by transmitting a far field response communication, the far field response communication comprising a value that is unique to the implantable medical device; and

exchanging information with the external device using far field communication by transmitting the information in conjunction with the value that is unique to the implantable medical device.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the proximity communication is a near field communication.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the proximity communication is an acoustical signal.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the proximity communication is a body thump.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the proximity communication is a static field.

6. A method of establishing communication between an external device and an implantable medical device, comprising:

transmitting a far field discovery communication that specifies that a far field response communication be provided if a proximity communication is detected;

monitoring for the far field response communication;

if the far field response communication is received within a pre-defined time, where the far field response communication comprises a value that is unique to the implantable medical device, then exchanging information with the implantable medical device using far field communication by transmitting the information in conjunction with the value that is unique to the implantable medical device.

7. The method of claim 6, further comprising transmitting a proximity communication to the implantable medical device, the proximity communication.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the external device transmits the proximity communication.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the proximity communication is a near field communication.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the proximity communication is an acoustical signal.

11. The method of claim 7, wherein the proximity communication is a static field.

12. The method of claim 7, wherein the proximity communication is a body thump.

13. The method of claim 7, further comprising further comprising executing a therapy application at the external device automatically based on the unique value of the implantable medical device.

14. A system for establishing communication, comprising:

an external device and an implantable medical device,

wherein the implantable medical device is configured to;

monitor for a proximity communication;

receive the proximity communication;

monitor for a far field discovery communication that specifies that a far field response communication be provided if the proximity communication is detected;

receive the far field discovery communication;

if the far field discovery communication is received within a pre-defined time from receiving the proximity communication, then respond to the far field discovery communication by transmitting a far field response communication, the far field response communication comprising a value that is unique to the implantable medical device; and

exchange information with the external device using far field communication by transmitting the information in conjunction with the value that is unique to the implantable medical device.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein the implantable medical device is further configured to:

include a challenge in the far field response communication;

subsequent to the far field response communication, monitor for a proximity communication that relates to the challenge; and

if the proximity communication relates to the challenge, then exchange information with the external device using the far field communication.

16. The system of claim 14, wherein the implantable medical device is further configured to:

receive a request for a challenge via a far field communication after having transmitted the far field response communication;

after receiving the request, send a challenge via a far field communication;

monitor for a proximity communication that relates to the challenge; and

if the proximity communication relates to the challenge, then exchange information with the external device using far field communication.

17. The system of claim 14, wherein the implantable medical device is further configured to:

establish a communication session with the external device via the exchange of information using the far field communication;

send a challenge during the communication session;

monitor for a proximity communication that relates to the challenge; and

if the proximity communication that relates to the challenge is not received, then terminating the communication session.

18. The system of claim 14, wherein the implantable medical device is further configured to:

exchange an encryption key via the proximity communication; and

apply the encryption key to the information being exchanged via the far field communication.

19. A system for establishing communication, comprising:

an external device and an implantable medical device,

wherein the external device is configured to;

transmit a far field discovery communication that specifies that a far field response communication be provided if a proximity communication is detected;

monitor for the far field response communication; and

if the far field response communication is received within a pre-defined time, where the far field response communication comprises a value that is unique to the implantable medical device, then exchange information with the implantable medical device using far field communication by transmitting the information in conjunction with the value that is unique to the implantable medical device.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein the external device is further configured to:

obtain a challenge from the far field response communication; and

subsequent to the far field response communication, send a proximity communication that relates to the challenge.

21. The system of claim 19, wherein the external device is further configured to:

send a request for a challenge via a far field communication after having received the far field response communication;

after sending the request, receive the challenge via a far field communication; and

transmit a proximity communication that relates to the challenge.

22. The system of claim 19, wherein the external device is further configured to:

establish a communication session with the implantable medical device via the exchange of information using the far field communication;

receive a challenge during the communication session; and

transmit a proximity communication that relates to the challenge.

23. The system of claim 19, wherein the external device is further configured to:

exchange an encryption key via the proximity communication; and

apply the encryption key to the information being exchanged via the far field communication.

24. The system of claim 19, wherein the external device is further configured to:

receive a plurality of far field response communications within the predefined time;

detect a strongest signal related to the far field response communications; and

exchange information via the far field communication with the implantable medical device corresponding to the strongest signal.

25. A system for establishing communication, comprising:

an external device and an implantable medical device,

wherein the implantable medical device is configured to;

monitor for a proximity communication;

receive the proximity communication;

monitor for a far field discovery communication;

receive the far field discovery communication;

if the far field discovery communication is received within a pre-defined time from receiving the proximity communication, then respond to the far field discovery communication by transmitting a far field response communication, the far field response communication comprising a value that is unique to the implantable medical device and a challenge;

subsequent to the far field response communication, monitor for a proximity communication that relates to the challenge; and

if the proximity communication relates to the challenge, then exchange information with the external device using far field communication by transmitting the information in conjunction with the value that is unique to the implantable medical device.

26. A system for establishing communication, comprising:

an external device and an implantable medical device,

wherein the external device is configured to;

transmit a far field discovery communication;

monitor for the far field response communication;

receive the far field response communication, where the far field response communication comprises a value that is unique to the implantable medical device and a challenge;

send a proximity communication that relates to the challenge; and

exchange information with the implantable medical device using far field communication by transmitting the information in conjunction with the value that is unique to the implantable medical device.

27. A system for establishing communication, comprising:

an external device and an implantable medical device,

wherein the implantable medical device is configured to;

monitor for a proximity communication;

receive the proximity communication;

monitor for a far field discovery communication;

receive the far field discovery communication;

if the far field discovery communication is received within a pre-defined time from receiving the proximity communication, then respond to the far field discovery communication by transmitting a far field response communication, the far field response communication comprising a value that is unique to the implantable medical device;

receive a request for a challenge via a far field communication after having transmitted the far field response communication;

after receiving the request, send a challenge via a far field communication;

monitor for a proximity communication that relates to the challenge;

if the proximity communication relates to the challenge, then exchange information with the external device using far field communication by transmitting the information in conjunction with the value that is unique to the implantable medical device.

28. A system for establishing communication, comprising:

an external device and an implantable medical device,

wherein the external device is configured to;

transmit a far field discovery communication;

monitor for the far field response communication;

receive the far field response communication, where the far field response communication comprises a value that is unique to the implantable medical device;

send a request for a challenge via a far field communication after having received the far field response communication;

after sending the request, receive the challenge via a far field communication;

transmit a proximity communication that relates to the challenge; and

after transmitting the proximity communication that relates to the challenge, exchange information with the implantable medical device using far field communication by transmitting the information in conjunction with the value that is unique to the implantable medical device.

29. A system for establishing communication, comprising:

an external device and an implantable medical device,

wherein the implantable medical device is configured to;

establish a communication session with the external device via the exchange of information using at least a far field communication;

send a challenge via far field communication during the communication session;

monitor for a proximity communication that relates to the challenge; and

if the proximity communication that relates to the challenge is not received, then terminating the communication session.

30. The system of claim 29, wherein the implantable medical device is further configured to establish the communication session by:

monitoring for a proximity communication;

receiving the proximity communication;

monitoring for a far field discovery communication;

receiving the far field discovery communication;

if the far field discovery communication is received within a pre-defined time from receiving the proximity communication, then responding to the far field discovery communication by transmitting a far field response communication, the far field response communication comprising a value that is unique to the implantable medical device.

31. A system for establishing communication, comprising:

an external device and an implantable medical device,

wherein the external device is configured to;

establish a communication session with the implantable medical device via the exchange of information using the far field communication;

receive a challenge during the communication session;

transmit a proximity communication that relates to the challenge; and

after transmitting the proximity communication that relates to the challenge, continuing to exchange information with the implantable medical device using far field communication by transmitting the information in conjunction with the value that is unique to the implantable medical device.

32. The system of claim 31, wherein the external device is further configured to establish the communication session by:

transmitting a far field discovery communication;

monitoring for a far field response communication; and

receiving the far field response communication, where the far field response communication comprises a value that is unique to the implantable medical device.

33. A system for establishing communication, comprising:

an external device and an implantable medical device,

wherein the external device is configured to;

transmit a far field discovery communication;

monitor for the far field response communication;

receive a plurality of far field response communications;

detect a strongest signal related to the far field response communications; and

exchange information via the far field communication with the implantable medical device corresponding to the strongest signal by transmitting the information in conjunction with the value that is unique to the implantable medical device.

34. A system for establishing communication, comprising:

an external device and an implantable medical device,

wherein the implantable medical device is configured to;

monitor for a proximity communication;

receive the proximity communication;

monitor for a far field discovery communication;

receive the far field discovery communication;

if the far field discovery communication is received within a pre-defined time from receiving the proximity communication, then respond to the far field discovery communication by transmitting a far field response communication, the far field response communication comprising a value that is unique to the implantable medical device;

exchange an encryption key via a second proximity communication; and

exchange information with the external device using far field communication by encrypting the information in accordance with the encryption key and by transmitting the encrypted information in conjunction with the value that is unique to the implantable medical device.

35. A system for establishing communication, comprising:

an external device and an implantable medical device,

wherein the external device is configured to;

transmit a far field discovery communication;

monitor for the far field response communication; and

receive the far field response communication, where the far field response communication comprises a value that is unique to the implantable medical device;

exchange an encryption key via a second proximity communication; and

exchange information with the implantable medical device using far field communication by encrypting the information in accordance with the encryption key and by transmitting the encrypted information in conjunction with the value that is unique to the implantable medical device.