Regenerative control system for an electric vehicle

• US 8,302,724 B2
• Filed: 06/15/2010
• Issued: 11/06/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 06/15/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Polaris Industries Incorporated (Polaris Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Polaris Industries Incorporated (Polaris Inc.)
• Inventors: Gillingham, Brian R, Notaro, Joel M, Leonard, Josh J, Crain, Stephen G, Morisch, Bradley R
• Primary Examiner(s): WINNER, TONY H
• Application Number:
  US12/816,004
• Publication Number:
  US 20100317484A1
• Time in Patent Office: 875 Days
• Field of Search: 180/242, 180/245, 180/246, 180/247, 180/65.31, 303/152
• US Class Current: 180/242
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 1/04 of the electric storage means for propulsion exchanging batteries for electric propulsion of vehicles B60L53/80; for auxiliary purposes only B60R16/04; supplying batteries to, or removing batteries from, vehicles B60S5/06
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 17/346 the transfer gear being a differential gear
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 17/356 having fluid or electric motor, for driving one or more wheels disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel B60K7/00
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/52 Driving a plurality of drive axles, e.g. four-wheel drive
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2200/22 Microcars, e.g. golf cars
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/12 Buck converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/12 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/36 Temperature of vehicle components or parts
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/423 Torque
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/425 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2260/28 Four wheel or all wheel drive
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/62 charged by low-power generators primarily intended to support the batteries, e.g. range extenders
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/66 Arrangements of batteries
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/18 Cables specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/20 having different nominal voltages
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/21 having the same nominal voltage
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 7/12 for vehicles propelled by dc motors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles

Abstract

An electric vehicle is disclosed having a frame, a plurality of ground engaging members, an electric motor, a front drive system, and a rear drive system. The electric motor is configured to provide power to at least a portion of the ground engaging members. The vehicle also comprises a plurality of batteries, an electronic controller, and a drive mode input. The drive mode input is operatively coupled to the electronic controller. The electronic controller operates the electric vehicle in one of a plurality of drive modes based on the drive mode input. In a first drive mode, the electronic controller specifies a first amount of motor braking to be applied by the electric motor, and in a second drive mode, the electronic controller specifies a second amount of motor braking to be applied by the electric motor. The second amount differs from the first amount.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle, comprising:

a frame having front and rear ends;

a plurality of ground engaging members supporting the frame, the plurality of ground engaging members including a first group positioned adjacent the frame front end and a second group positioned adjacent the frame rear end;

an electric motor supported by the frame;

a front drive system supported by the frame and positioned adjacent the frame front end, the front drive system operatively coupled to the electric motor and to the first group of ground engaging members, the electric motor providing power to at least one of the first group of ground engaging members;

a rear drive system supported by the frame and positioned adjacent the frame rear end, the rear drive system being operatively coupled to the electric motor and to the second group of ground engaging members, the electric motor providing power to at least one of the second group of ground engaging members;

a plurality of batteries supported by the frame;

an electronic controller which controls a provision of power from the plurality of batteries to the electric motor; and

a drive mode input operatively coupled to the electronic controller, the electronic controller operating the electric vehicle in one of a plurality of drive modes based on the drive mode input, wherein in a first drive mode the electronic controller specifies a first amount of motor braking to be applied by the electric motor and in a second drive mode the electronic controller specifies a second amount of motor braking to be applied by the electric motor, the second amount differing from the first amount.

2. The electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein parameters for first drive mode and parameters for the second drive mode are stored in a memory accessible by the electronic controller.

3. The electric vehicle of claim 2, wherein the parameters for the first drive mode are downloaded from a remote device operatively coupled to the electronic controller.

4. The electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein the first drive mode is a company mode which is specified by an owner of the electric vehicle.

5. The electric vehicle of claim 1, further comprising a prop shaft coupling the electric motor to the front drive system, the prop shaft extending through a longitudinal opening in the plurality of batteries.

6. The electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first amount of motor braking and the second amount of motor braking vary based on an rpm of the vehicle.

7. The electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first amount of motor braking and the second amount of motor braking are applied when a current speed of the electric vehicle exceeds a desired speed of the electric vehicle.

8. An electric vehicle, comprising:

a frame having front and rear ends;

a plurality of ground engaging members supporting the frame, the plurality of ground engaging members including a first group positioned adjacent the frame front end and a second group positioned adjacent the frame rear end;

an electric motor supported by the frame;

a front drive system supported by the frame and positioned adjacent the frame front end, the front drive system operatively coupled to the electric motor and to the first group of ground engaging members, the electric motor providing power to at least one of the first group of ground engaging members;

a rear drive system supported by the frame and positioned adjacent the frame rear end, the rear drive system being operatively coupled to the electric motor and to the second group of ground engaging members, the electric motor providing power to at least one of the second group of ground engaging members;

a plurality of batteries supported by the frame;

an electronic controller which controls a provision of power from the plurality of batteries to the electric motor including a drive current; and

a drive mode input operatively coupled to the electronic controller, the electronic controller operating the electric vehicle in one of a plurality of drive modes based on the drive mode input, wherein in a first drive mode the electronic controller limits the drive current in a first non-linear fashion based on an rpm of the electric motor and in a second drive mode in a second non-linear fashion based on the rpm of the electric motor.

9. The electric vehicle of claim 8, further comprising a prop shaft coupling the electric motor to the front drive system, the prop shaft extending through a longitudinal opening in the plurality of batteries.

10. The electric vehicle of claim 8, wherein at least one of the first non-linear fashion and the second non-linear fashion includes a plurality of linear segments.