Synthetic methods for generating WS 2 nanostructured materials

• US 8,303,926 B1
• Filed: 01/22/2010
• Issued: 11/06/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 01/22/2009
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: UNM Rainforest Innovations (f/k/a STC.UNM) (The University of New Mexico)
• Original Assignee: UNM Rainforest Innovations (f/k/a STC.UNM) (The University of New Mexico)
• Inventors: Luhrs, Claudia C., Al-Haik, Marwan, Zea, Hugo
• Primary Examiner(s): VANOY, TIMOTHY C
• Application Number:
  US12/692,517
• Time in Patent Office: 1,019 Days
• Field of Search: 423/561.1, 508/167, 204/164, 977/700, 977/734, 977/762, 977/773, 977/775
• US Class Current: 423/561.1
• CPC Class Codes: C01G 41/00 Compounds of tungsten
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2004/03 obtained by SEM
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2004/04 obtained by TEM, STEM, STM or AFM
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2004/20 extending in two dimensions, e.g. plate-like
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2004/22 with a polygonal circumferential shape
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2004/32 Spheres
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/3258 Tungsten oxides, tungstates, or oxide-forming salts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/446 Sulfides, tellurides or selenides
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 35/547 based on sulfides or selenides or tellurides
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 35/62272 based on non-oxide ceramics carbon nanotubes C01B32/15; carbon fibers D01F9/12
• CPC Class Codes: C08K 2003/3009 Sulfides
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 7/61 inorganic
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 7/67 Particle size smaller than 100 nm
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 7/70 characterised by shape, e.g. fibres, flakes or microspheres
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 125/22 Compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2201/065 Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2020/06 Particles of special shape or size
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/25 Internal-combustion engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2050/015 Dispersions of solid lubricants
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2050/02 dissolved or suspended in a carrier which subsequently evaporates to leave a lubricant coating
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2070/00 : Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/052 : Li-accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/5815 : Sulfides
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/9008 : Organic or organo-metallic compounds
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 : Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 : Fuel cells

Abstract

In accordance with various embodiments, there are nanostructured materials including WS₂ nanostructures and composites of WS₂ nanostructures and other materials and methods for synthesizing nanostructured materials. The method can include providing a plurality of precursor materials, wherein each of the plurality of precursor materials can include a tungsten reactant. The method can also include flowing, for a reaction time, a substantially continuous stream of carbon disulfide (CS₂) vapor in a carrier gas over the plurality of precursor materials at a temperature in the range of about 700° C. to about 1000 C, wherein the reaction time is sufficient to permit the tungsten reactant to react with carbon disulfide to form a plurality of tungsten disulfide (WS₂) nanostructures.

Claims

1. A method for synthesizing a nanostructured material comprising:

providing a plurality of precursor materials, wherein each of the plurality of precursor materials comprises a tungsten reactant; and

flowing, for a reaction time, a substantially continuous stream of carbon disulfide (CS₂) vapor in a carrier gas over the plurality of precursor materials at a temperature in the range of about 700°

C. to about 1000°

C., wherein the reaction time is sufficient to permit the tungsten reactant to react with carbon disulfide to form a plurality of tungsten disulfide (WS₂) nanostructures.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of providing a plurality of precursor materials comprises providing a plurality of precursor materials as liquid dispersions, solids, or aerosols.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of flowing, for a reaction time, a substantially continuous stream of carbon disulfide (CS₂) vapor in a carrier gas over the plurality of precursor materials at a temperature in the range of about 700°

C. to about 1000°

C. comprises flowing, for a reaction time, a substantially continuous stream of carbon disulfide (CS₂) vapor in a carrier gas mixed with the plurality of precursor materials at a temperature in the range of about 700°

C. to about 1000°

C.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of WS₂ nanostructures comprise one or more nano structural forms selected from the group consisting of flakes, particles, fibers, tubes, rods, spheres (inorganic fullerene), and octahedral crystals.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of WS₂ nanostructures comprise inorganic fullerenc like IF-WS₂ spherical nanoparticles.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of providing a plurality of precursor materials comprises providing precursor materials having at least one dimension in the range of about 10 nm to about 20 μ

m.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the tungsten reactant is selected from the group consisting of tungsten oxides and tungsten salts.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the carrier gas comprises one or more of argon and nitrogen.

9. The method of claim 6, wherein the carrier gas further comprises hydrogen.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the reaction time is at least about 20 minutes.

11. WS₂ nanostructures formed using the method according to claim 1.

12. The method of claim 1 further comprising adding the plurality of tungsten disulfide (WS₂) nanostructures to one or more of metals, ceramics, and polymers to form a nanostructured composite material.

13. A nanostructured composite material comprising:

a major amount of one or more materials selected from the group consisting of metals, ceramics, and polymers; and

a minor amount of WS₂ nanostructures formed using the method according to claim 1.

14. A method for synthesizing a nanostructured material comprising:

providing a plurality of precursor materials, wherein each of the plurality of precursor materials comprises a tungsten reactant; and

flowing, in a plasma system, a substantially continuous stream of carbon disulfide (CS₂) vapor in a carrier gas over the plurality of precursor materials for a reaction time, wherein the reaction time is sufficient to permit the tungsten reactant to react with carbon disulfide to form a plurality of tungsten disulfide (WS₂) nanostructures.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the plasma system is selected from the group consisting of microwave plasma, RF plasma, and DC plasma.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein the plasma system uses a pressure in the near atmospheric range.

17. The method of claim 14 further comprising using the carrier gas comprising one or more of argon and nitrogen, to create a plasma.

18. The method of claim 14, wherein the tungsten reactant is selected from the group consisting of tungsten oxides and tungsten salts.

19. The method of claim 14, wherein the plurality of tungsten disulfide (WS₂) nanostructures comprises inorganic fullerene like IF—

WS₂ spherical nanoparticles or nanotubes.

20. WS₂ nanostructures formed using the method according to claim 14.

21. The method of claim 14 further comprising adding the plurality of tungsten disulfide (WS₂) nanostructures to one or more of metals, ceramics, and polymers to form a nanostructured composite material.

22. A nanostructured composite material comprising:

a major amount of one or more materials selected from the group consisting of metals, ceramics, and polymers; and

a minor amount of WS₂ nanostructures formed using the method according to claim 14.