Cetane number estimation method

• US 8,307,695 B2
• Filed: 02/05/2009
• Issued: 11/13/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 03/13/2008
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Inventors: Terada, Yasuyuki, Matsunaga, Akio, Miyaura, Takeshi
• Primary Examiner(s): Kirkland, III, Freddie
• Application Number:
  US12/678,828
• Publication Number:
  US 20100319444A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,377 Days
• Field of Search: 73/350.2, 731/143.8, 731/145.5
• US Class Current: 73/35.02
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 19/061 by controlling fuel injectors
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 19/0636 by estimation, i.e. without using direct measurements of a corresponding sensor
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 19/0649 Liquid fuels having different boiling temperatures, volatilities, densities, viscosities, cetane or octane numbers
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 2200/0612 determined by estimation
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 35/025 by determining temperatures inside the cylinder, e.g. combustion temperatures
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 35/026 using an estimation
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/0007 for control of turbo-charged or super-charged engines control of the pumps per se F02B37/12
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/0025 Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/123 the fuel injection being cut-off
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/1498 measuring engine roughness
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/2422 Selective use of one or more tables
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/402 Multiple injections
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/30 Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Abstract

A cetane number estimation method is provided in which: the preliminary injection is preformed multiple times at different compression end temperatures with a fuel tank (26) containing fuel having a predetermined cetane number, and an engine torque increase caused by each preliminary injection is calculated and the relation between the compression end temperatures at the respective preliminary injections and the engine torque increases caused by the respective preliminary injections is determined; the compression end temperature and the engine torque increase at a predetermined reference point on the relation are recorded as a basic compression eng temperature and a basic engine toque increase; the preliminary injection is performed at the basic compression end temperature and an engine torque increase caused by this preliminary injection is calculated; and the cetane number of fuel is estimated based on the relation between the calculated engine torque increase and the basic engine torque increase.

Claims

1. A cetane number estimation method for estimating a cetane number of fuel combusted in a diesel engine in which a regular injection is performed by injecting fuel of an amount corresponding to an engine operation state and a preliminary injection is performed by injecting fuel of an amount predetermined for estimation of the cetane number of fuel, comprising:

a first process in which the preliminary injection is preformed multiple times at different compression end temperatures with a fuel tank containing fuel having a predetermined cetane number, and an engine torque increase that has been caused by each preliminary injection is calculated and the relation between the compression end temperatures at the respective preliminary injections and the engine torque increases caused by the respective preliminary injections is determined, and the compression end temperature and the engine torque increase at a predetermined reference point on the relation are recorded in a data storage;

a second process in which the preliminary injection is performed at the compression end temperature recorded in the data storage and an engine torque increase caused by the preliminary injection is calculated; and

a third process in which a cetane number of fuel is estimated based on a relation between the engine torque increase recorded in the data storage and the engine torque increase calculated in the second process.

2. The cetane number estimation method according to claim 1, wherein

in the first process, the compression end temperature at which misfires start to occur is estimated based on the tendency of change in the engine torque increase with respect to a change in the compression end temperature from one side to the other side of the relation and a point on the relation that corresponds to the estimated compression end temperature is set as the reference point.

3. The cetane number estimation method according to claim 2, wherein

in the first process, a point on the relation at which the engine torque increase sharply changes is determined as the point at which misfires start to occur.

4. The cetane number estimation method according to claim 1, wherein

the first process is implemented before the diesel engine is shipped out of a factory.

5. The cetane number estimation method according to claim 1, wherein

the second process is executed on the condition that the fuel tank has been refueled after the preliminary injection was performed last time.

6. The cetane number estimation method according to claim 1, wherein

the second process is executed each time the diesel engine is started.

7. The cetane number estimation method according to claim 1, wherein

the first process and the second process are executed in a state where the regular injection is suspended.

8. The cetane number estimation method according to claim 7, wherein

the second process are executed in a state where the regular injection is suspended while the speed of the diesel engine is decreasing.

9. The cetane number estimation method according to claim 1, wherein

the first process and the second process are executed when an output shaft of the diesel engine and a driven shaft are disconnected from each other.

10. The cetane number estimation method according to claim 1, wherein

a drive-force transfer mechanism is provided between the engine output shaft and a driven shaft and is switched between a state where the degree of drive-force transfer between the engine output shaft and the driven shaft is large and a state where the degree of drive-force transfer between the engine output shaft and the driven shaft is small, and

the first process and the second process are executed when the drive-force transfer mechanism is in the state where the degree of drive-force transfer between the engine output shaft and the driven shaft is small.

11. A cetane number estimation method for estimating a cetane number of fuel combusted in a diesel engine in which a regular injection is performed by injecting fuel of an amount corresponding to an engine operation state and a preliminary injection is performed by injecting fuel of an amount predetermined for estimation of the cetane number of fuel, comprising:

a first process in which the preliminary injection is preformed multiple times at different compression end temperatures with a fuel tank containing fuel having a predetermined cetane number, and an increase in the rotation speed of an engine output shaft that has been caused by each preliminary injection is calculated and a relation between the compression end temperatures at the respective preliminary injections and the engine output shaft speed increases caused by the respective preliminary injections is determined, and the compression end temperature and the engine output shaft speed increase at a predetermined reference point on the relation are recorded in a data storage;

a second process in which the preliminary injection is performed at the compression end temperature recorded in the data storage and an engine output shaft speed increase caused by the preliminary injection is calculated; and

a third process in which a cetane number of fuel is estimated based on a relation between the engine output shaft speed increase recorded in the data storage and the engine output shaft speed increase calculated in the second process.

12. The cetane number estimation method according to claim 11, wherein

in the first process, the compression end temperature at which misfires start to occur is estimated based on the tendency of change in the engine output shaft speed increase with respect to a change in the compression end temperature from one side to the other side of the relation and a point on the relation that corresponds to the estimated compression end temperature is set as the reference point.

13. The cetane number estimation method according to claim 12, wherein

in the first process, a point on the relation at which the engine output shaft speed increase sharply changes is determined as the point at which misfires start to occur.

14. The cetane number estimation method according to claim 11, wherein

the first process is implemented before the diesel engine is shipped out of a factory.

15. The cetane number estimation method according to claim 11, wherein

the second process is executed on the condition that the fuel tank has been refueled after the preliminary injection was performed last time.

16. The cetane number estimation method according to claim 11, wherein

the second process is executed each time the diesel engine is started.

17. The cetane number estimation method according to claim 11, wherein

the first process and the second process are executed in a state where the regular injection is suspended.

18. The cetane number estimation method according to claim 17, wherein

the second process are executed in a state where the regular injection is suspended while the speed of the diesel engine is decreasing.

19. The cetane number estimation method according to claim 11, wherein

the first process and the second process are executed when an output shaft of the diesel engine and a driven shaft are disconnected from each other.

20. The cetane number estimation method according to claim 11, wherein

a drive-force transfer mechanism is provided between the engine output shaft and a driven shaft and is switched between a state where the degree of drive-force transfer between the engine output shaft and the driven shaft is large and a state where the degree of drive-force transfer between the engine output shaft and the driven shaft is small, and

the first process and the second process are executed when the drive-force transfer mechanism is in the state where the degree of drive-force transfer between the engine output shaft and the driven shaft is small.